scholarly journals Discovering Water Quality Changes and Patterns of the Endangered Thi Vai Estuary in Southern Vietnam through Trend and Multivariate Analysis

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1330
Author(s):  
Malte Lorenz ◽  
Hong Quan Nguyen ◽  
Trong Dieu Hien Le ◽  
Stephanie Zeunert ◽  
Duc Huy Dang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Pollution Abatement ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Rapid Improvement ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Southern Vietnam

Temporal and spatial water quality data are essential to evaluate human health risks. Understanding the interlinking variations between water quality and socio-economic development is the key for integrated pollution management. In this study, we applied several multivariate approaches, including trend analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis, to a 15-year dataset of water quality monitoring (1999 to 2013) in the Thi Vai estuary, Southern Vietnam. We discovered a rapid improvement for most of the considered water quality parameters (e.g., DO, NH4, and BOD) by step trend analysis, after the pollution abatement in 2008. Nevertheless, the nitrate concentration increased significantly at the upper and middle parts and decreased at the lower part of the estuary. Principal component (PC) analysis indicates that nowadays the water quality of the Thi Vai is influenced by point and diffuse pollution. The first PC represents soil erosion and stormwater loads in the catchment (TSS, PO4, and Fetotal); the second PC (DO, NO2, and NO3) determines the influence of DO on nitrification and denitrification; and the third PC (pH and NH4) determines point source pollution and dilution by seawater. Therefore, this study demonstrated the need for stricter pollution abatement strategies to restore and to manage the water quality of the Thi Vai Estuary.

scholarly journals A Low-Cost Water Quality Monitoring System for the Ayeyarwady River in Myanmar Using a Participatory Approach

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanda Thatoe Nwe Win ◽  
Thom Bogaard ◽  
Nick van de Giesen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Lower Accuracy

Newly developed mobile phone applications in combination with citizen science are used in different fields of research, such as public health monitoring, environmental monitoring, precipitation monitoring, noise pollution measurement and mapping, earth observation. In this paper, we present a low-cost water quality mobile phone measurement technique combined with sensor and test strips, and reported the weekly-collected data of three years of the Ayeyarwady River system by volunteers at seven locations and compared these results with the measurements collected by the lab technicians. We assessed the quality of the collected data and their reliability based on several indicators, such as data accuracy, consistency, and completeness. In this study, six local governmental staffs and one middle school teacher collected baseline water quality data with high temporal and spatial resolution. The quality of the data collected by volunteers was comparable to the data of the experienced lab technicians for sensor-based measurement of electrical conductivity and transparency. However, the lower accuracy (higher uncertainty range) of the indicator strips made them less useful in the Ayeyarwady with its relatively small water quality variations. We showed that participatory water quality monitoring in Myanmar can be a serious alternative for a more classical water sampling and lab analysis-based monitoring network, particularly as it results in much higher spatial and temporal resolution of water quality information against the very modest investment and running costs. This approach can help solving the invisible water crisis of unknown water quality (changes) in river and lake systems all over the world.

scholarly journals A Multivariate and Spatiotemporal Analysis of Water Quality in Code River, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mochamad A. Pratama ◽  
Yan D. Immanuel ◽  
Dwinanti R. Marthanty
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data

The efficacy of a water quality management strategy highly depends on the analysis of water quality data, which must be intensively analyzed from both spatial and temporal perspectives. This study aims to analyze spatial and temporal trends in water quality in Code River in Indonesia and correlate these with land use and land cover changes over a particular period. Water quality data consisting of 15 parameters and Landsat image data taken from 2011 to 2017 were collected and analyzed. We found that the concentrations of total dissolved solid, nitrite, nitrate, and zinc had increasing trends from upstream to downstream over time, whereas concentrations of parameter biological oxygen demand, cuprum, and fecal coliform consistently undermined water quality standards. This study also found that the proportion of natural vegetation land cover had a positive correlation with the quality of Code River’s water, whereas agricultural land and built-up areas were the most sensitive to water pollution in the river. Moreover, the principal component analysis of water quality data suggested that organic matter, metals, and domestic wastewater were the most important factors for explaining the total variability of water quality in Code River. This study demonstrates the application of a GIS-based multivariate analysis to the interpretation of water quality monitoring data, which could aid watershed stakeholders in developing data-driven intervention strategies for improving the water quality in rivers and streams.

Evaluation of source water quality for selection of drinking water purification system

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Hayashi ◽  
H. Yokota ◽  
H. Furumai ◽  
M. Fujiwara
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Water Utilities ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Purification System

When renewing water purification facilities, it is important to select a suitable purification system that can accommodate the quality of the respective source water. The Japan Water Research Center has been collecting a large amount of water quality data from drinking-water utilities across Japan, categorising and analysing these data, and evaluating the suitability of water purification processes. Multivariate analyses such as hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis were performed to investigate the relationships between the quality of source water used for water supply and various factors that affect the purification process. Based on these results, water sources throughout Japan were clearly categorised into four groups, and suitable water purification systems were identified for the different water quality groups. The results can serve as an important reference for water utilities during future facility renewal projects.

scholarly journals PERANCANGAN SISTEM BASIS DATA ONLINE MONITORING KUALITAS AIR DI SUNGAI CILIWUNG

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satmoko Yudo
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Online Monitoring ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
Database Management System ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
The Government

Population growth in the Jakarta city that continues to rise each year, this has resulted in environmental pollution, especially pollution of the Ciliwung river continues to grow. Nowadays various attempts have been made in terms of prevention of pollution of the river Ciliwung. One of the efforts to control pollution in the river Ciliwung is monitoring the quality of water in rivers and creeks Ciliwung. This monitoring is done in real-time and online, where the water quality data sent to data centers and analyzed  into information that can be displayed at any time and anywhere through the Internet. If there are pollutants that enter the river so heavilly polluted in certain time, the government or the authorities that manages the river can take action to control pollution. To support online monitoring system running well required database management system (DBMS) for storing water quality data at any time and integrated well. Keywords : river pollution, water quality monitoring online, Ciliwung river, design database.

scholarly journals Analysis of water quality time series for improving the measurement strategy in the Brantas basin, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tijmen Willard ◽  
Reza Pramana ◽  
Saket Pande ◽  
Boris van Breukelen ◽  
Maurits Ertsen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Box Plots

<p>Water quality in the rivers and tributaries of the Brantas catchment (about 12.000 km<sup>2</sup>; East Java, Indonesia), which is deteriorating due to various reasons, is measured by different agencies involved in water resource development and management. We discuss how different time series of water quality data from three local agencies in the Brantas basin (differing in specific parameters and measurement frequency) have been used to provide recommendations on the improvement of (using) the different measurement strategies (in policy recommendations). In general, monthly to quarterly data were available from 2009 until 2019 at 104 locations. Data were analyzed with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to show which parameters vary significantly across the catchment. Preliminary results suggested how parameters were related, based on series of box plots of the PCA scores. This provided insights on the first order processes that control the physical-chemical status of the Brantas River, of each agency and for all the data sets combined. Applying Python and QGIS to separate the parameters and map the hot spots in terms of eigen functions allowed relating water levels with hot spots to estimate the fluctuations in the concentrations of different parameters in time and space. These data elaborations allow improving the different measurement campaigns, and to address specific policy questions related to water quality monitoring more efficiently.</p>

scholarly journals PEMODELAN SEBARAN BOD DI SUNGAI KAPUAS KECIL BAGIAN HILIR MENGGUNAKAN WASP

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Rizki Purnaini ◽  
Sudarmadji Sudarmadji ◽  
Suryo Purwono
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Administrative Area ◽  
Dominant Influence

The Kapuas Kecil River must be maintained for its water quality so that it can still be utilized in accordance with its designation. The purpose of this study is to predict water quality changes due to incoming waste from various sources of pollutants to the concentration of BOD in Kapuas Kecil River using WASP model as an effort to water quality monitoring and water pollution control.The study area to be simulated is Kapuas Kecil River passing through Pontianak City over ± 22 km from upstream to downstream (estuary) that divided into 42 segments. Water quality data were collected from several monitoring station locations in Kapuas Kecil River downstream, Landak River, effluent trenches located within the administrative area of Pontianak City, as well as secondary data on industrial effluents located along the study area. Water sampling method refers to the SNI 03-7026-2004, sampling was done once at each sample point with variations of the rainy and dry season, and at high and low tide conditions. Hydrometry data and river discharge can be obtained from primary and secondary data.The results showed that domestic and non-domestic of urban discharges that entering the river is very dominant influence on the water quality of the river. BOD concentration in rivers during the dry season is higher than rainy season both in high and low tide conditions. The simulation results of spatial distribution with all scenarios show that the accumulation of BOD pollution load begins after a distance of 5 km from the upstream boundary and then a significant increase in concentration occur at  segment 27 with loads originating from the Landak River and Pekong Trench. The BOD concentration then tends to fluctuate to a distance of 5 km before heading downstream, and after that it continues to decline towards the downstream.

Techniques of trend analysis for monthly water-quality data

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Hirsch ◽  
James Richard Slack ◽  
Richard A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data

Objectives of a Water Quality Monitoring Programme for the International River Basins in a Developing Country in Southern Africa – Mozambique

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (5-7) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
S J Hugman
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Management And Development ◽  
International Obligations

Mozambique lies on the south-east coast of Africa. Its Independence, in 1975, was particularly difficult and severely disrupted the economy. All its major rivers rise in neighbouring countries and several, in particular those from South Africa and Swaziland, are already heavily used before crossing the border. Since 1977 the National Water Directorate has been responsible for management and development of water resources. The Directorate includes a hydrology department which maintains field-teams throughout the country. Virtually no water quality data are available from before 1972, when irregular sample collection began. Since Independence, sampling has continued but the Directorate has redefined the objectives of the programme to obtain maximum benefit from very limited resources. These objectives were chosen for economic, hydrological and political reasons. The long-term objectives are to provide the data required for agricultural and industrial development projects, to manage and maintain the quality of Mozambique's water resources, and to meet international obligations. In practice, the capacity of the hydrological service is insufficient to meet these objectives. The targets for the existing programme were therefore chosen to satisfy the most important objectives and to be feasible with present resources. The routine programme is being completely operated by technicians who have no more than nine years schooling.

Enterococci in the New Zealand environment: implications for water quality monitoring

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Anderson ◽  
S. J. Turner ◽  
G. D. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Bathing Water Quality

Faecal enterococci ecology outside the host is of great relevance when using these organisms as indicators of water quality. As a complement to New Zealand epidemiological studies of bathing water quality and health risk, a study of the environmental occurrence of these organisms has been undertaken. Specific concerns over the use of enterococci derive from the unique situation in New Zealand which has few chlorinated sewage effluents, a high ratio of grazing animals to humans, and significant inputs of animal processing effluents into the environment. Human and animal faecal wastes are the main sources, with 106–107cfu/100ml found in human sewage. Analysis of domestic and feral animal faeces found enterococci in the range of 101–106cfu/g with considerable variation between species. The latter observations support the notion that a considerable proportion of the load in urban/rural catchments and waterways (typically 102–103 enterococci cfu/100ml) is derived from non-human sources. Previous studies of enterococci quiescence in marine/fresh waters indicate that they enter a non-growth phase, exposure to sunlight markedly reducing culturability on selective and non-selective media. Enterococci were also found to survive/multiply within specific non-faecal environments. Enterococci on degrading drift seaweed at recreational beaches exceeded seawater levels by 2–4 orders of magnitude, suggesting that expansion had occurred in this permissive environment with resultant potential to contaminate adjacent sand and water. These studies suggest that multiple sources, environmental persistence, and environmental expansion of enterococci within selected niches add considerable complexity to the interpretation of water quality data.

Making Sense of Water Quality: Multispecies Encounters on the Mystic River

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Scaramelli
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Water Lily ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Water Flows ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Quality Of Water

This paper takes water quality as an ethnographic subject. It looks at how water quality monitors in Boston make sense of the quality of water through mundane engagement with three non-human beings who they encounter during their monitoring activities: herring, bacteria and water lily. Each of these organisms suggests a different understanding of water quality for the monitors and poses a dilemma. Water quality monitors who contribute to the production of water quality data come to know water quality as through direct interactions with these beings, mediated by both sensorial experience and laboratory data. These experiences, at the same time, confuse and redraw relationships between science, water flows, non-human vitality, including that of invasive species, and people.

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