scholarly journals Assessment of Renewal Priority of Water Pipeline Network against Earthquake Risk

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 572
Author(s):  
Shogo Hamamoto ◽  
Lisa Ito ◽  
Akihiro Tokai
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Earthquake Risk ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Pipeline Networks ◽  
Water Pipeline ◽  
Priority Assessment ◽  
Supply Systems

Long-term outage of drinking water supply after earthquakes has large adverse impacts on the lives of residents and cities’ water supply systems. Priority assessment is required to determine the effective order of preparing the measures against these hazards. Previous studies have insufficiently focused on the effects of seismic resistance of core pipelines, thereby affecting all the other branched pipelines that supply the water to each residential area. In our research, we aimed to propose the appropriate order of core pipelines derived from the center of the water treatment plants in Osaka, Japan against the Nankai Trough earthquake. Solutions that cause less damage have been needed because natural disaster prediction has had a lot of uncertainty. We proposed indices that can evaluate an appropriate renewal plan that considers the damage of core pipelines of water and the renewal cost for core pipeline networks based on the scenario analysis and the Monte Carlo simulation. The amount of water distribution of core pipelines in each area is the top priority when renewing them in terms of cost-effectiveness and expected rate of water outage under the disaster.

scholarly journals Burst Detection in Water Distribution Systems: The Issue of Dataset Collection

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8219
Author(s):  
Andrea Menapace ◽  
Ariele Zanfei ◽  
Manuel Felicetti ◽  
Diego Avesani ◽  
Maurizio Righetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Stochastic Modelling ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Supply Systems

Developing data-driven models for bursts detection is currently a demanding challenge for efficient and sustainable management of water supply systems. The main limit in the progress of these models lies in the large amount of accurate data required. The aim is to present a methodology for the generation of reliable data, which are fundamental to train anomaly detection models and set alarms. Thus, the results of the proposed methodology is to provide suitable water consumption data. The presented procedure consists of stochastic modelling of water request and hydraulic pipes bursts simulation to yield suitable synthetic time series of flow rates, for instance, inlet flows of district metered areas and small water supply systems. The water request is obtained through the superimposition of different components, such as the daily, the weekly, and the yearly trends jointly with a random normal distributed component based on the consumption mean and variance, and the number of users aggregation. The resulting request is implemented into the hydraulic model of the distribution system, also embedding background leaks and bursts using a pressure-driven approach with both concentrated and distributed demand schemes. This work seeks to close the gap in the field of synthetic generation of drinking water consumption data, by establishing a proper dedicated methodology that aims to support future water smart grids.

The parthenogenetic midge of water supply systems, Paratanytarsus grimmii (Schneider) (Diptera: Chironomidae)

1988 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Langton ◽  
P. S. Cranston ◽  
P. Armitage
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Chironomid Midges ◽  
New Synonymy ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Pharate Adult

AbstractChironomid midges have been known to include parthenogenetic species for over a century. One of these species, Paratanytarsus grimmii (Schneider), cited under several different names here shown to be junior synonyms, has attained some notoriety as a pest. Its occurrence as a supposedly paedogenetic (actually pharate adult parthenogenetic) inhabitant of water distribution systems is discussed and related to its more usual occurrence in a variety of small water bodies including aquaria. New synonymy is proposed and a lectotype designated.

Management tools for hydro energy interventions in water supply systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jos Frijns ◽  
Enrique Cabrera Marchet ◽  
Nelson Carriço ◽  
Dídia Covas ◽  
Antonio J. Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Hydraulic Performance ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Hydropower Potential ◽  
Supply Systems

There is significant potential for energy recovery through the use of micro-hydropower installations in water supply systems (WSS). To exploit the full potential of hydro energy in balance with the optimal hydraulic performance and water supply service, multi-objective management tools are needed. This paper presents the application of four management tools: (1) an energy audit to evaluate the potential hydro energy in the water pressurised systems of Alcoy; (2) multi-criteria decision-making methods for the selection of the preferred energy-efficient operation of a system with a pump-storage reservoir and hydro-turbines in the Algarve; (3) a numerical dynamic tool for optimal turbine operation in the water distribution of Langhirano; and (4) an urban water optioneering tool to estimate the hydropower potential of the external aqueduct network in Athens. These methods showed that through an integrated approach the WSS can be optimised for both hydraulic performance and hydro energy production.

Achieving sustainable irrigation development in agricultural areas of Serbia with limited water resources

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Željka Rudić ◽  
Goran Nikolić ◽  
Dragiša Stević ◽  
Mile Božić ◽  
Ksenija Mačkić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Sustainable Irrigation ◽  
Supply Systems

Irrigation has contributed significantly to poverty alleviation and food security; however, the sustainability of irrigated agriculture is being questioned both economically and environmentally. Agriculture is the economic sector where most water is consumed, but the lowest price is practised. This article presents an interdisciplinary approach to selecting and prioritizing infrastructure, by differentiating water sources for irrigation, in the case of two complex irrigation systems. Comparative analysis was undertaken for major hydrological, hydraulic, hydrotechnical and economic parameters in order to estimate a long-term water supply for irrigation. In the case of complex irrigation water supply systems, differentiating the ‘subsystems’ per water source and allowing their separate development require less investment and give a better chance for the project implementation. The average calculated investments in basic irrigation infrastructure were in a wide range, from EUR3327 to 10,103 ha−1, depending on anticipated water source (impoundments, groundwater and rivers). Economic water price also varied widely, EUR0.09–0.30 m−3, depending on the water source for irrigation.

scholarly journals Metabolic Modelling: A Strategic Planning Tool for Water Supply Systems Management

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giada Felisa ◽  
Ilaria Lauriola ◽  
Valentina Ciriello ◽  
Vittorio Di Federico
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Flexible Tool ◽  
Metabolic Modelling ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Water Withdrawals ◽  
Supply Systems

Water resources are essential for the economic development and sustenance of human activities belonging to the civil, agricultural and industrial sectors. Increasing water stress conditions, mainly due to climate change and population growth, imply the need to improve the resilience of water supply systems and account for sustainability of water withdrawals. Metabolic modelling approaches represent a flexible tool able to provide a support to decision making in the medium-long term, based on sustainability criteria. Here, these concepts are adopted to analyse part of the water supply network in the Province of Reggio-Emilia (Italy). Different water withdrawals scenarios are considered to account for a potential decrease in water resources availability from a quantitative perspective. As a second step, these scenarios are compared by means of a set of key performance metrics able to identify the most sustainable long-term strategy for a dynamic management of the water supply system. Results of these analysis allow to increase the resilience of the network under future scenarios, while protecting the water resources.

scholarly journals Process of hydraulic models calibration

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 00007
Author(s):  
Izabela Zimoch ◽  
Ewelina Bartkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Roughness Coefficient ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Network Graph ◽  
Supply Systems

Mathematical modelling of the water supply systems (WSS) and water quality changes in the system is a complex and difficult task to solve, it requires an interdisciplinary approach to considering the determinants of WSS work. Prognosis models of the WSS in relation to hydraulic quantities are well known and there are many packages that implement these models. These packages allow you to calculate the flow and pressure in the water distribution system under certain operating conditions. However, to make a hydraulic model a useful tool in the management of water supply systems, a calibration process is required. This process involves estimating model parameters to minimize the difference between model results and actual observations. This is a complex and multi-stage process where the network graph and parameters such as roughness coefficient, pump characteristics, or nodal demands are checked and corrected. The following work contains a complex process of calibration of the actual WSS that supplies water to the customers of the selected part of the Silesian agglomeration.

Evaluating the potential of biofilm control in water supply systems by removal of phosphorus from drinking water

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jānis Rubulis ◽  
Tālis Juhna
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Biofilm Development ◽  
Supply Systems

Effect of microbially available phosphorus (MAP) on biofilm development in drinking water systems was investigated at the pilot-scale experiments over 3 years. Completely mixed biofilm reactors Propella® (water detention time 24 h, flow rate 0.25 m s−1, PVC pipe coupons) were used as water distribution network models. Four experimental runs were carried out with water containing different levels of phosphorus which was limiting nutrient for bacterial growth. Positive correlation between MAP in the inlet water and heterotrophic plate count (correlation coefficient 0.95) in biofilm, as well as for the total bacteria number (correlation coefficient 0.71), was observed. However, our experiments showed that removal of phosphorus down to very low levels (below detection limits of chemical method and MAP < 1 μg L−1) was not an efficient strategy to eliminate bacterial regrowth and biofilm formation (<51,00,000 cells/cm2) in drinking water supply systems.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT OF WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Ladislav Tuhovčák ◽  
Miloslav Tauš ◽  
Tomáš Sucháček
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Water Mains ◽  
Supply Systems

The knowledge of the current technical condition of the operated system is in the interest of the owner or operator of public water supply systems. Such information is the starting point when making decisions on investment projects or planning water mains renewal. The submitted paper introduces the methodology of preliminary assessment of the technical condition of water supply systems and outputs of the software application TEA Water, which makes it possible to assess the technical condition of the specific elements of the water supply systems and clear displaying with the presentation of the assessment results for the entire considered water supply system.

scholarly journals Analysis and assessment of water distribution subsystem failure

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-62
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Pietrucha-Urbanik ◽  
Katarzyna Pociask
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Water Network ◽  
Network Failure ◽  
Failure Frequency ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
Supply Systems

Abstract The aim of the study is to analyse and assess the water supply network failure frequency in last ten years, with particular emphasis on the last year of the analysis. The analysis is based on actual data obtained from the water company. The study contains the analysis of the network failure with division into used material, the type of network and place of failure occurrence. Also the failure rate was calculated. Continuous changes in the age and material structure of the water network cause the need for conducting failure frequency research because data on failure rate are the key indicators for operational policy of water supply systems.

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