scholarly journals Selective Removal of Hexavalent Chromium from Wastewater by Rice Husk: Kinetic, Isotherm and Spectroscopic Investigation

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Usman Khalil ◽  
Muhammad Bilal Shakoor ◽  
Shafaqat Ali ◽  
Sajid Rashid Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Monolayer Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Chromium (Cr) in water bodies is considered as a major environmental issue around the world. In the present study, aqueous Cr(VI) adsorption onto rice husk was studied as a function of various environmental parameters. Equilibrium time was achieved in 2 h and maximum Cr(VI) adsorption was 78.6% at pH 5.2 and 120 mg L−1 initial Cr(VI) concentration. In isotherm experiments, the maximum sorption was observed as 379.63 mg g−1. Among four isotherm models, Dubinin–Radushkevich and Langmuir models showed the best fitting to the adsorption data, suggesting physical and monolayer adsorption to be the dominant mechanism. The kinetic modeling showed that a pseudo-second order model was suitable to describe kinetic equilibrium data, suggesting a fast adsorption rate of Cr(VI). The results of FTIR spectroscopy indicated that mainly –OH and C–H contributed to Cr(VI) adsorption onto rice husk. This paper provided evidence that rice husk could be a cost-effective, environment-friendly and efficient adsorptive material for Cr(VI) removal from wastewater due to its high adsorption capacity.

scholarly journals Utilization to Remove Pb (II) Ions from Aqueous Environments Using Waste Fish Bones by Ion Exchange

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayram Kizilkaya ◽  
A. Adem Tekınay
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Adsorption Mechanism ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Fish Bones ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Aqueous Environments ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Removal of lead (II) from aqueous solutions was studied by using pretreated fish bones as natural, cost-effective, waste sorbents. The effect of pH, contact time, temperature, and metal concentration on the adsorption capacities of the adsorbent was investigated. The maximum adsorption capacity for Pb (II) was found to be 323 mg/g at optimum conditions. The experiments showed that when pH increased, an increase in the adsorbed amount of metal of the fish bones was observed. The kinetic results of adsorption obeyed a pseudo second-order model. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were applied to experimental equilibrium data of Pb (II) adsorption and the value ofRLfor Pb (II) was found to be 0.906. The thermodynamic parameters related to the adsorption process such asEa,ΔG°,ΔH°, andΔS° were calculated andEa,ΔH°, andΔS° were found to be 7.06, 46.01 kJ mol−1, and 0.141 kJ mol−1K−1for Pb (III), respectively.ΔH° values (46.01 kJmol−1) showed that the adsorption mechanism was endothermic. Weber-Morris and Urano-Tachikawa diffusion models were also applied to the experimental equilibrium data. The fish bones were effectively used as sorbent for the removal of Pb (II) ions from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Characterization ofH3PO4-Treated Rice Husk Adsorbent and Adsorption of Copper(II) from Aqueous Solution

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Ru Zheng ◽  
Jiaying Zhao ◽  
Fang Ma ◽  
Yingchao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Sorption Ability ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Agricultural Byproduct

Rice husk, a surplus agricultural byproduct, was applied to the sorption of copper from aqueous solutions. Chemical modifications by treating rice husk with H3PO4increased the sorption ability of rice husk for Cu(II). This work investigated the sorption characteristics for Cu(II) and examined the optimum conditions of the sorption processes. The elemental compositions of native rice husk and H3PO4-treated rice husk were determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis was carried out for structural and morphological characteristics of H3PO4-treated rice husk. The surface functional groups (i.e., carbonyl, carboxyl, and hydroxyl) of adsorbent were examined by Fourier Transform Infrared Technique (FT-IR) and contributed to the adsorption for Cu(II). Adsorption isotherm experiments were carried out at room temperature and the data obtained from batch studies fitted well with the Langmuir and Freundlich models withR2of 0.999 and 0.9303, respectively. The maximum sorption amount was 17.0358 mg/g at a dosage of 2 g/L after 180 min. The results showed that optimum pH was attained at pH 4.0. The equilibrium data was well represented by the pseudo-second-order kinetics. The percentage removal for Cu(II) approached equilibrium at 180 min with 88.9% removal.

scholarly journals Adsorptive removal of pentachlorophenol from aqueous solutions using powdered eggshell

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kuśmierek ◽  
Paulina Idźkiewicz ◽  
Andrzej Świątkowski ◽  
Lidia Dąbek
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Diffusion Kinetic ◽  
Monolayer Adsorption ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

AbstractThe usefulness of untreated powdered eggshell as low-cost adsorbent for the removal of pentachlorophenol (PCP) from aqueous solutions was investigated. The most important parameters affecting the adsorption process, including the pH and ionic strength, were examined. The adsorption characteristics of PCP onto eggshell were evaluated in terms of kinetic and equilibrium parameters. The kinetic data were studied in terms of the pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intra-particle diffusion kinetic models. The equilibrium data were analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models. The pseudo-second order model best described the adsorption kinetics. Using the Langmuir equation, the monolayer adsorption capacity of eggshell for PCP was found to be 0.127 mg/g. The results showed that PCP can be effectively removed from aqueous solution employing eggshell as a cheap adsorbent.

scholarly journals Removal of Lead (II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions onto Activated Carbon Derived from Waste Biomass

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Erdem ◽  
Suat Ucar ◽  
Selhan Karagöz ◽  
Turgay Tay
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Monolayer Adsorption ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The removal of lead (II) ions from aqueous solutions was carried out using an activated carbon prepared from a waste biomass. The effects of various parameters such as pH, contact time, initial concentration of lead (II) ions, and temperature on the adsorption process were investigated. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis after adsorption reveals the accumulation of lead (II) ions onto activated carbon. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to analyze equilibrium data. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of activated carbon was found to be 476.2 mg g−1. The kinetic data were evaluated and the pseudo-second-order equation provided the best correlation. Thermodynamic parameters suggest that the adsorption process is endothermic and spontaneous.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Phenol from Aqueous Solution Using Lantana camara, Forest Waste: Kinetics, Isotherm, and Thermodynamic Studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Girish ◽  
V. Ramachandra Murty
Keyword(s):  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Batch Studies ◽  
Forest Waste ◽  
Monolayer Adsorption ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The present work investigates the potential of Lantana camara, a forest waste, as an adsorbent for the phenol reduction in wastewater. Batch studies were conducted with adsorbent treated with HCl and KOH to determine the influence of various experimental parameters such as pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, and phenol concentration. The experimental conditions were optimized for the removal of phenol from wastewater. Equilibrium isotherms for the adsorption of phenol were analyzed by Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models. Thermodynamic parameters like the Gibbs free energy (ΔG°), enthalpy (ΔH°), and entropy (ΔS°) were also determined and they showed that the adsorption process was feasible, spontaneous, and exothermic in the temperature range of 298–328 K. The kinetic data were fitted with pseudo-second-order model. The equilibrium data that followed Langmuir model with the monolayer adsorption capacity was found to be 112.5 mg/g and 91.07 mg/g for adsorbent treated with HCl and KOH, respectively, for the concentration of phenol ranging from 25 to 250 mg/L. This indicates that the Lantana camara was a promising adsorbent for the removal of phenol from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Kinetics, Equilibrium, and Thermodynamic Studies on Adsorption of Methylene Blue by Carbonized Plant Leaf Powder

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Gunasekar ◽  
V. Ponnusami
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Plant Leaf ◽  
Aqueous Effluent ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Carbon synthesized from plant leaf powder was employed for the adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous effluent. Effects of pH (2, 4, 6, 8, and 9), dye concentration (50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/dm3), adsorbent dosage (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g/dm3), and temperature (303, 313, and 323 K) were studied. The process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. Equilibrium data was examined with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and Langmuir model was found to be the best fitting model with highR2and low chi2values. Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was found to be 61.22 mg/g. From the thermodynamic analysis, ΔH, ΔG, and ΔSvalues for the adsorption of MB onto the plant leaf carbon were found out. From the values of free energy change, the process was found out to be feasible process. From the magnitude of ΔH, the process was found to be endothermic physisorption.

Adsorption Characteristics of Phenol in Aqueous Solution by Pinus massoniana Biochar

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 1154-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Zhi Deng ◽  
Xue Yuan Wang ◽  
Xian Yang Shi ◽  
Qian Qian Hong
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Pinus Massoniana ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Salt Ions ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The objective of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of phenol adsorption from aqueous solution by Pinus massoniana biochar. Adsorption conditions, including contact time, initial phenol concentration, adsorbent dosage, strength of salt ions and pH, have been investigated by batch experiments. Equilibrium can be reached in 24 h for phenol from 50 to 250 mg• L-1. The optimum pH value for this kind of biochar is 5.0. The amount of phenol adsorbed per unit decreases with the increase in adsorbent dosage. The existence of salt ions makes negligible influence on the equilibrium adsorption capacity. The experimental data is analyzed by the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. Equilibrium data fits well to the Freundlich model. Adsorption kinetics models are deduced and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model provides a good correlation for the adsorbent process. The results show that the Pinus massoniana biochar can be utilized as an effective adsorption material for the removal of phenol from aqueous solution.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Hexavalent Chromium Adsorption onto Chitosan and Chitosan-Based Composites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 3427
Author(s):  
Rachid El Kaim Billah ◽  
Moonis Ali Khan ◽  
Young-Kwon Park ◽  
Amira AM ◽  
Hicham Majdoubi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Equilibration Time ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Excellent Thermal Stability ◽  
Monolayer Adsorption ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Chromium Adsorption ◽  
Ft Ir

Chitosan (Cs)-based composites were developed by incorporating silica (Cs–Si), and both silica and hydroxyapatite (Cs–Si–Hap), comparatively tested to sequester hexavalent (Cr(VI)) ions from water. XRD and FT-IR data affirmed the formation of Cs–Si and Cs–Si–Hap composite. Morphological images exhibits homogeneous Cs–Si surface, decorated with SiO2 nanoparticles, while the Cs–Si–Hap surface was non-homogeneous with microstructures, having SiO2 and Hap nanoparticles. Thermal analysis data revealed excellent thermal stability of the developed composites. Significant influence of pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, temperature, and coexisting anions on Cr(VI) adsorption onto composites was observed. Maximum Cr(VI) uptakes on Cs and developed composites were observed at pH 3. The equilibration time for Cr(VI) adsorption on Cs–Si–Hap was 10 min, comparatively better than Cs and Cs–Si. The adsorption data was fitted to pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models with respective maximum monolayer adsorption capacities (qm) of 55.5, 64.4, and 212.8 mg/g for Cs, Cs–Si, and Cs–Si–Hap. Regeneration studies showed that composites could be used for three consecutive cycles without losing their adsorption potential.

scholarly journals Investigation on adsorption capacity of TiO2-P25 nanoparticles in the removal of a mono-azo dye from aqueous solution: A comprehensive isotherm analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Behnajady ◽  
Shahrzad Yavari ◽  
Nasser Modirshahla
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Average Crystallite Size ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In this work TiO2-P25 nanoparticles with high surface area have been used as adsorbent for the removal of C.I Acid Red 27 (AR27), as an organic contaminant from aqueous solution. Characteristics of phases and crystallite size of TiO2-P25 nanoparticles were achieved from XRD and the surface area and pore size distribution were obtained from BET and BJH techniques. TiO2-P25 nanoparticles with almost 80% anatase and 20% rutile phases, the average crystallite size of 18 nm, have specific surface area of 56.82 m2 g-1. The effect of various parameters like initial AR27 concentration, pH, contact time and adsorbent dosage has been carried out in order to find desired adsorption conditions. The desired pH for adsorption of AR27 onto TiO2-P25 nanoparticles was 3. The equilibrium data were analyzed with various 2-, 3- and 4-parameter isotherm models. Equilibrium data fitted very well by the 4-parameter Fritz-Schluender model. Results of adsorption kinetics study indicated that the pseudo-second order kinetics provided the best fit with correlation coefficients close to unity.

Methylene Blue Adsorption onto Neem Leave/Chitosan Aggregates: Isotherm, Kinetics and Thermodynamics Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Oluwadayo Asokogene ◽  
Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini ◽  
Muhammad Misau Idris ◽  
Surajudeen Abdulsalam ◽  
El-Nafaty Aliyu Usman
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Intraparticle Diffusion ◽  
Water Binding ◽  
Adsorption Mechanisms ◽  
Solution Interface ◽  
Monolayer Adsorption ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Abstract The work was aimed at evaluating the adsorptive properties of neem leave/chitosan aggregates for methylene blue removal. The adsorbent was screened to form coarse (CCANL, 600 µm), medium (MCANL, 300 µm) and fine (FCANL, 150 µm) neem leave/chitosan particles. The samples were characterized for pH, water binding capacity (WBC), surface chemistry by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, surface morphology by scanning electron microscope and textural properties by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method. CCANL, MCANL and FCANL possessed specific surface area of 255, 258 and 242 m2/g, respectively. The effects of initial concentration, adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH and temperature were studied. CCANL, MCANL and FCANL demonstrated adsorption capacity of 102, 92.5 and 105 mg/g, respectively, in which ionic interaction and mesopore filling were the possible adsorption mechanisms. The equilibrium data were well fitted by Redlich-Peterson model, suggesting a monolayer adsorption onto a heterogeneous surface of adsorbent. The kinetics data were best described by pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models, for which the film diffusion, intraparticle diffusion and surface adsorption could co-exist as the controlling steps in adsorption. Adsorption of methylene blue onto chitosan composites was spontaneous, endothermic and demonstrated increased randomness at solid-solution interface.

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