scholarly journals Variability of Currents and Water Column Structure in a Temperate Estuarine System (Sado Estuary, Portugal)

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Beatriz Biguino ◽  
Fátima Sousa ◽  
Ana C. Brito
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Estuarine System ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
Tidal Regime ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sado Estuary ◽  
Column Structure ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
North And South

The circulation in estuaries promotes the transport of organisms, nutrients, oxygen and sediments. Simultaneously, the mixture of fresh and salt water leads to variations of the physicochemical and biological components of the region. Therefore, it is important to further understand the hydrodynamic patterns of an estuary as one of the bases to understand the whole dynamic of these systems, ecologically important regions that must be preserved. However, little is known about the hydrodynamics of some estuarine systems. In order to bridge the knowledge gap about the Sado estuary, sampling was conducted with the purpose of evaluating some circulation patterns of the estuary and classifying it according to the stratification of the water column. The campaigns were conducted to collect monthly data on the intensity and direction of the currents, and on the temperature and salinity of the water column, between September 2018 and September 2019. The data indicated that water circulation in the Sado estuary, occurred through the two main navigation channels (North and South), according to the tidal regime. Both the temperature and the salinity were homogeneous along the water column, revealing little stratification. The analysis suggests possible hydrodynamic changes of the estuary in the past years.

IV.—The Geological Development, Descent and Distribution of the Mammalia

1893 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 401-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl A. von Zittel
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
The Past ◽  
Limited Experience ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
North And South America ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
North And South ◽  
Animal World

In a spirited treatise on the ‘Origin of our Animal World’ Prof. L. Rütimeyer, in the year 1867, described the geological development and distribution of the mammalia, and the relationship of the different faunas of the past with each other and with that now existing. Although, since the appearance of that masterly sketch the palæontological material has been, at least, doubled through new discoveries in Europe and more especially in North and South America, this unexpected increase has in most instances only served as a confirmation of the views which Rutimeyer advanced on more limited experience. At present, Africa forms the only great gap in our knowledge of the fossil mammalia; all the remaining parts of the world can show materials more or less abundantly, from which the course followed by the mammalia in their geological development can be traced with approximate certainty.

scholarly journals Implications of an extensive salt water barrage on the distribution of black clam in a tropical estuarine system, Southwest coast of India

Oceanologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunpandi Nagarathinam ◽  
Jyothibabu Retnamma ◽  
Jagadeesan Loganathan ◽  
Parthasarathi Singaram ◽  
Savitha Mohanan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Water ◽  
Estuarine System ◽  
Southwest Coast Of India ◽  
Southwest Coast ◽  
Tropical Estuarine

scholarly journals Water column structure and statistics of Denmark Strait Overflow Water cyclones

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 110-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilken-Jon von Appen ◽  
Robert S. Pickart ◽  
Kenneth H. Brink ◽  
Thomas W.N. Haine
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Column Structure ◽  
Denmark Strait

scholarly journals Use of protocol-driven medication refills by pharmacists decreases rheumatologist in-basket work and improves rheumatologist satisfaction

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e001566
Author(s):  
Eva I Rottmann ◽  
Jonida Cote ◽  
Swana Thomas ◽  
Dante M Grassi ◽  
Joseph Chronowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
Workplace Satisfaction ◽  
The Past ◽  
American College Of Rheumatology ◽  
Medication Refill ◽  
Burn Out ◽  
Physician Workload

Burn-out among US physicians has been on the rise in the past few decades. Similarly, rheumatologists in the Geisinger Health System have experienced professional dissatisfaction through significant administrative burden and in-basket work. We embedded pharmacists into our rheumatology team in 2019 with the aim of reallocating medication refills to pharmacists, trained professionals in this domain, to help reduce physician workload and burn-out and increase satisfaction. Protocol-driven medication refill parameters per the American College of Rheumatology guidelines and new refill workflows for disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and non-DMARDs were created for use by our rheumatology pharmacists. Monthly data on medication refill volume and time saved for rheumatologists were collected from 1 January 2019 to 31 March 2021. Statistical analysis was completed via Shewhart p-charts. The volume of refills by rheumatologists decreased by 73% and the time saved per month for all the rheumatologists increased to 41.5 hours within 6 months. Physicians’ feedback was obtained via anonymous electronic surveys preintervention and postintervention. The statistical difference between the presurveys and postsurveys was calculated via two-tailed unpaired t-testing. It demonstrated reduced burn-out and improved workplace satisfaction. This study showed that the integration of rheumatology pharmacists into our practice can help improve the work life of the rheumatologists. It is important for physicians’ well-being to practice at the top of their scope and achieve work–life balance.

scholarly journals Short-term variability in the sedimentary BIT index of Lake Challa, East Africa over the past 2200 years: validating the precipitation proxy

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1177-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. K. Buckles ◽  
J. W. H. Weijers ◽  
D. Verschuren ◽  
C. Cocquyt ◽  
J. S. Sinninghe Damsté
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Austral Summer ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Monsoon Precipitation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rain Season ◽  
Index Variation ◽  
Large Diatom

Abstract. The branched vs. isoprenoid index of tetraethers (BIT index) in Lake Challa sediments has been applied as a monsoon precipitation proxy on the assumption that the primary source of branched tetraether lipids (brGDGTs) was soil washed in from the lake's catchment. However, water column production has since been identified as the primary source of brGDGTs in Lake Challa, meaning that there is no longer a clear mechanism linking BIT index variation and precipitation. Here we investigate BIT index variation and GDGT concentrations at a decadal resolution over the past 2200 years, in combination with GDGT data from profundal surface sediments and 45 months of sediment-trap deployment. The 2200 year record reveals high-frequency variability in GDGT concentrations, and therefore the BIT index. Also surface sediments collected in January 2010 show a distinct shift in GDGT composition relative to those collected in August 2007. Increased bulk flux of settling particles with high Ti / Al ratios during March–April 2008 reflect an event of high detrital input to Lake Challa, concurrent with intense precipitation at the onset of the principal rain season that year. Although brGDGT distributions in the settling material are initially unaffected, this soil erosion event is succeeded by a large diatom bloom in July–August 2008 and a concurrent increase in GDGT-0 fluxes. Near-zero crenarchaeol fluxes indicate that no thaumarchaeotal bloom developed during the subsequent austral summer season; instead a peak in brGDGT fluxes is observed in December 2008. We suggest that increased nutrient availability, derived from eroded soil washed into the lake, stimulated both diatom productivity and the GDGT-0 producing archaea which help decompose dead diatoms passing through the suboxic zone of the water column. This disadvantaged the Thaumarchaeota that normally prosper during the following austral summer. Instead, a bloom of supposedly heterotrophic brGDGT-producing bacteria occurred. Episodic recurrence of such high soil-erosion events, integrated over multi-decadal and longer timescales and possibly enhanced by other mechanisms generating low BIT index values in dry years, can explain the positive relationship between the sedimentary BIT index and monsoon precipitation at Lake Challa. However, application elsewhere requires ascertaining the local situation of lacustrine brGDGT production and of variables affecting the productivity of Thaumarchaeota.

scholarly journals A note on modeling mixing in the upper layers of the Bay of Bengal: Importance of water type, water column structure and precipitation

2019 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 104643
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Kantha ◽  
Robert A. Weller ◽  
J. Thomas Farrar ◽  
Hasibur Rahaman ◽  
Venkata Jampana
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Bay Of Bengal ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Column Structure ◽  
Type Water
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