scholarly journals A Critical Review of Analytical Methods for Comprehensive Characterization of Produced Water

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Wenbin Jiang ◽  
Lu Lin ◽  
Xuesong Xu ◽  
Xiaoxiao Cheng ◽  
Yanyan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Water Composition

Produced water is the largest waste stream associated with oil and gas production. It has a complex matrix composed of native constituents from geologic formation, chemical additives from fracturing fluids, and ubiquitous bacteria. Characterization of produced water is critical to monitor field operation, control processes, evaluate appropriate management practices and treatment effectiveness, and assess potential risks to public health and environment during the use of treated water. There is a limited understanding of produced water composition due to the inherent complexity and lack of reliable and standardized analytical methods. A comprehensive description of current analytical techniques for produced water characterization, including both standard and research methods, is discussed in this review. Multi-tiered analytical procedures are proposed, including field sampling; sample preservation; pretreatment techniques; basic water quality measurements; organic, inorganic, and radioactive materials analysis; and biological characterization. The challenges, knowledge gaps, and research needs for developing advanced analytical methods for produced water characterization, including target and nontarget analyses of unknown chemicals, are discussed.

scholarly journals Treatment of Produced Water with Photocatalysis: Recent Advances, Affecting Factors and Future Research Prospects

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Lin ◽  
Wenbin Jiang ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Pei Xu ◽  
Huiyao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Water Composition

Produced water is the largest byproduct of oil and gas production. Due to the complexity of produced water, especially dissolved petroleum hydrocarbons and high salinity, efficient water treatment technologies are required prior to beneficial use of such waste streams. Photocatalysis has been demonstrated to be effective at degrading recalcitrant organic contaminants, however, there is limited understanding about its application to treating produced water that has a complex and highly variable water composition. Therefore, the determination of the appropriate photocatalysis technique and the operating parameters are critical to achieve the maximum removal of recalcitrant compounds at the lowest cost. The objective of this review is to examine the feasibility of photocatalysis-involved treatment for the removal of contaminants in produced water. Recent studies revealed that photocatalysis was effective at decomposing recalcitrant organic compounds but not for mineralization. The factors affecting decontamination and strategies to improve photocatalysis efficiency are discussed. Further, recent developments and future research prospects on photocatalysis-derived systems for produced water treatment are addressed. Photocatalysis is proposed to be combined with other treatment processes, such as biological treatments, to partially reduce total organic carbon, break down macromolecular organic compounds, increase biodegradability, and reduce the toxicity of produced water.

Integrated Approach to Produced Water Disposal Management in a Brown Field: Safeguarding Production, Reducing Cost, Managing Deferment & Reducing HSSE Exposure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basil Ogbunude ◽  
Aniekan Obot ◽  
Abdul-Wahab Sa'ad ◽  
Sunday Maxwell-Amgbaduba ◽  
Etta Agbor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Plant Oil ◽  
Endurance Time ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Liquid Line ◽  
Positive Cash Flow

Abstract Often, the production of oil and gas from underground reservoirs is accompanied by produced water which generally increases with time for a matured field, attributable to natural water encroachment, bottom water ingress, coning effect due to higher production rates, channeling effects, etc. This trend poses a production challenge with respect to increased OPEX cost and environmental considerations of treatment/handling and disposal of the produced water considering the late life performance characterized by low reward margins. Hence, produced water management solutions that reduce OPEX cost is key to extending the field life whilst ensuring a positive cash flow for the asset. SK field is located in the Swamp Area of the Niger Delta, with a capacity of 1.1Bcf gas plant supplying gas to a nearby LNG plant. Oil and gas production from the field is evacuated via the liquid and gas trunk lines respectively. Due to the incessant tampering with oil delivery lines and environmental impact of spillage, the condensate is spiked through the gas trunk line to the LNG plant. Largely, the water/effluent contained in the tank is evacuated through the liquid line. Based on the availability of the liquid line (ca. 40%-60%), the produced water is a constraint to gas production with estimated tank endurance time (ca. 8 days at 500MMscfd). This leads to creaming of gas production and indeed gas deferments due to produced water management, making it difficult to meet the contractual supply obligation to the LNG plant. An interim solution adopted was to barge the produced water to the oil and gas export terminal, with an associated OPEX cost of ca. US$2Mln/month. Upon further review of an alternate barging option, this option was considered too expensive, inefficient and unsustainable with inherent HSSE exposure. Therefore, a produced water re-injection project was scoped and executed as a viable alternative to produced water management. This option was supported by the Regulators as a preferred option for produced water management for the industry.

Control of produced water with highly corrosive medium in oil-gas production

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
F.G. Hasanov ◽  
◽  
S.B. Bayramov ◽  
R.M. Hasanzade ◽  
A.B. Garayev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosive Medium ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Electrochemical Protection ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Associated Gas ◽  
Initial Separation ◽  
Oil Water

The construction of middle oil-gathering facility, in which technological processes are managed in a closed medium is necessary for environmental protection to control highly corrosive medium in oil and gas production. Associated gas separated from the fluid in initial separation unit within middle oil-gathering facility enters gas-gathering point with low pressure, and the liquid - into the pig of oil, water and sand, which should be constructed from iron concrete for cleaning from mechanical impurities sediments and salt as well. The liquid charge from the separation unit and pig of oil, water and sand is based upon the law of communicating vessels. To supply long-life for reservoirs, the inner and outer walls should be covered with a special coating and additionally, electrochemical protection should be provided as well.

Synrift evaporite deposition and structural characterization of the onshore Alagoas subbasin

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. SH19-SH31
Author(s):  
Gabriela Salomão Martins ◽  
Webster Ueipass Mohriak ◽  
Nivaldo Destro
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Hanging Wall ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Half Graben ◽  
Well Data

The Sergipe-Alagoas Basin, situated in the north-east Brazilian margin, has a long tradition of oil and gas production and the presence and distribution of evaporites play an important role in petroleum systems in the basin. However, little research has focused on the structural evolution of the older, synrift evaporitic sections of the basin. We have focused explicitly in the detailed subsurface structural characterization of the rift in the Alagoas subbasin and the distribution of the Early Aptian evaporites. To accomplish this objective, we interpreted selected 2D and 3D seismic and well data located in two areas known as the Varela Low (VL) and Fazenda Guindaste Low (FGL). We identified diverse deformation styles in those two basin depocenters. Our interpretation indicates that VL consists of a half-graben with a significant rollover structure, controlled by two listric northeast–southwest border faults. The deformation in the hanging wall is also accommodated by release faults and minor antithetic faults. In this depocenter, we mapped in the seismic and the well data an older evaporitic sequence within the Coqueiro Seco Fm., known as Horizonte Salt. This evaporitic section occurs in the internal part of the VL half graben, where it is limited by release and antithetic faults. Significant salt strata growing toward the antithetic fault is observed. Whereas, the FGL represents a graben elongated along the north-east direction and is controlled by several types of structures. We recognized normal synthetic and antithetic faults, transfer zones, release faults, and rollover anticlines in the seismic throughout this depocenter. We mapped an evaporitic section within the Maceió Fm., known as Paripueira Salt, which consists of disconnected salt bodies, restricted to the hanging walls of synrift faults.

Cultivable bacterial flora of Indian oil reservoir: isolation, identification and characterization of the biotechnological potential

Biologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Saxena ◽  
Soham Pore ◽  
Preeti Arora ◽  
Neelam Kapse ◽  
Anupama Engineer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Oil Reservoirs ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Oil Reservoir ◽  
Biotechnological Potential ◽  
Taxonomic Novelty

Abstract‘Produced water’ is a term used in oil industry to describe water produced along with oil and gas from oil reservoir. Microorganisms have been frequently isolated from produced water/oil reservoirs; however, there is paucity of information regarding the diversity and characterization of bacterial flora from Indian oil reservoirs. The present investigation was undertaken to study bacterial diversity associated with Indian oil reservoirs and to investigate their potential as a source of industrially valuable enzymes. A total of 103 strains were isolated from five oil reservoirs. PCR-based DNA fingerprinting grouped these strains into 72 genovars. These isolates were identified using morphological, phenotypical and phylogenetic analyses. Most of these isolates were thermophiles (growing at 45◦C or higher), halotolerant (growth at 5% salinity) and were distributed through a variety of genera including but not limited to Bacillus, Chelatococcus, Paenibacillus and Pseudomonas species. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of several strains shared less than 97% homology with the reference sequences in the GenBank database indicating taxonomic novelty of these strains. Assessment of the biotechnological potential of 72 genovars revealed that majority of strains produce one or many of the valuable enzymes including amylase, cellulase, xylanase, pectinase, inulinase, protease, alcohol dehydrogenase and urease. Most of the isolates also degraded crude oil or petroleum hydrocarbons. The vast pool of phenotypic, genetic and functional diversity of the strains retrieved in this study suggested oil reservoirs as yet largely untapped and potent source of taxonomically novel and biotechnologically valuable microorganisms.

scholarly journals Investigation of Carbon Dioxide Corrosion Inhibitors for Steel for Use in Oil and Gas Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
L. A. Magadova ◽  
◽  
K. A. Poteshkina ◽  
V. D. Vlasova ◽  
M. S. Pilipenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Corrosion Inhibitors ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Corrosion ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Industrial Samples

The effect of carbon dioxide corrosion on the pipeline transport system and its protection methods are considered in this article. The corrosion inhibitors represented by imidazoline-based compositions and industrial samples of corrosion inhibitors are used as protective reagents, and the model of produced water saturated with carbon dioxide is used as an aggressive environment. The protective properties of inhibitors and the corrosion rate were evaluated by gravimetric analysis. The paper presents the results of the study of industrial samples and inhibitory compositions developed on the basis of the REC “Promyslovaya himiya”. According to the results of the work, a positive effect of additives of nonionic surfactants on the protective properties of inhibitors was noted.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document