scholarly journals Occurrence and Fate of Emerging Pollutants in Water Environment and Options for Their Removal

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Ionela Cătălina Vasilachi ◽  
Dana Mihaela Asiminicesei ◽  
Daniela Ionela Fertu ◽  
Maria Gavrilescu
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Emerging Pollutants ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
The Impact

Emerging pollutants (EPs) are chemicals known to cause major impacts on the terrestrial, aquatic life and human health as a result of their chronic and acute toxicity. Although lots of studies on EPs behavior in the aquatic environment are currently available in literature, an urgent requirement exists to complete toxicological studies and develop and implement efficient and ecological methods for their removal. This paper raises some relevant problems related to water environment pollution with EPs, the risks they can generate for aquatic life and humans and opportunities to reduce the effects of pollution by EPs removal. Categories of emerging chemicals of concern in the environment, their sources, fate and impacts, with some examples are discussed. Organic UV filters are shortly presented as a relative new EPs category, with a focus on the need to develop extensive experimental studies on their environmental occurrence, fate and removal. Furthermore, sources for the aquatic environment resulting from discharging EPs directly into rivers from wastewater treatment plants are examined. The incidence of environmental and human health risks related to EPs is also considered. The removal of EPs from the environment as a solution to risk mitigation is addressed, with emphasis on several non-conventional processes involving biological removal of EPs. The paper provides a critical look at the current challenges posed by the presence of emerging pollutants in the aquatic environment, with critical comments and recommendations for further research to reduce the impact of EPs on water and human health and improve the performance of developed methods for their removal.

scholarly journals Paraben Compounds—Part I: An Overview of Their Characteristics, Detection, and Impacts

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2307
Author(s):  
João Lincho ◽  
Rui C. Martins ◽  
João Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Different Water Sources

Parabens are widely used in different industries as preservatives and antimicrobial compounds. The evolution of analytical techniques allowed the detection of these compounds in different sources at µg/L and ng/L. Until today, parabens were already found in water sources, air, soil and even in human tissues. The impact of parabens in humans, animals and in ecosystems are a matter of discussion within the scientific community, but it is proven that parabens can act as endocrine disruptors, and some reports suggest that they are carcinogenic compounds. The presence of parabens in ecosystems is mainly related to wastewater discharges. This work gives an overview about the paraben problem, starting with their characteristics and applications. Moreover, the dangers related to their usage were addressed through the evaluation of toxicological studies over different species as well as of humans. Considering this, paraben detection in different water sources, wastewater treatment plants, humans and animals was analyzed based on literature results. A review of European legislation regarding parabens was also performed, presenting some considerations for the use of parabens.

scholarly journals Is Cut-Flower Industry Promotion by the Government Negatively Affecting Pollinator Biodiversity and Environmental/Human Health in Uganda?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-52
Author(s):  
Bin Mushambanyi Théodore Munyuli
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
The Government ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
The Impact

A study was conducted from 2010 to 2012 around the flower growing areas in central Uganda to generate baseline information on the status of pollinators. Primary data were gathered using a questionnaire that aimed at determining farmers and flower farm officials’ perceptions on the impact of activities carried out inside greenhouses on pollinators, human health, and on crop production in the surroundings. Results indicated that the quantity of pesticides and fertilizers applied daily varied among the different flower farms visited. Bee species richness and abundance varied significantly (P<0.01) according to flower farm location, to the landscape vegetation type, and to field types found in the surrounding of flower farms. Bee richness found around flower farms varied in number from 20 to 40 species in total across seasons and years. Bee density increased significantly with the increase in flower density. Small-scale farmers were aware of the value and importance of pollination services in their farming business. There was no clear evidence of a direct effect of agrochemicals application on bee communities living in the surrounding habitats. There is a need for further research to be conducted on human health risks and for toxicological studies on soils, plants, flowers, and bees in the farm landscape.

scholarly journals Emerging pollutants-a potential threat to the marine environment

2020 ◽  
Vol XXIII (1) ◽  
pp. 171-178
Author(s):  
Manuela Rossemary Apetroaei
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Emerging Pollutants ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Guideline Values ◽  
The Impact ◽  
By Products

Development of physical-chemical analysis methods has led to detection many chemical compounds (microplastics, pesticides, steroids, hormones, contraceptives, fragrances, sunscreen agents, water disinfection by products, gasoline additives, pharmaceutical formulations used in the treatment of human and veterinary affections, corrosion inhibitors, biocides, UV-filters, etc.) into the marine environment, called emerging pollutants. Their release into the environment was caused by industrial overgrowth, an excessive modernization of agriculture and the development of maritime transport. The large number of chemicals and compounds from surface waters, soils, groundwaters, and sediments is seen as a potential threat to human health because their presence is not widely regulated or monitored by national and international legislation. The emergence of these compounds is due to the increase of concern degree due to the impact they produce on the environment, as a result of their presence in a wide types variety and at different concentrations. The present paper aims to compile available data about the occurrence, sources, and impact of emerging pollutants to improve the analytical methods for detecting more contaminants, to establish new guideline values useful for human health and marine environment protection.

Odour assessment: determining the optimum temperature and time for Tedlar sampling bag pre-conditioning

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 1806-1811 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Bokowa
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cleaning Process ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Temperature Controlled ◽  
The Impact

Odours present in new Tedlar bags can impact the assessment of emissions from sewer collection systems and wastewater treatment plants. Conditioning protocols are needed to minimise the impact of background materials emissions on the sampling and assessment of odourous emissions. Olfactometry analysis has shown that background odour concentrations for new Tedlar bags can be as high as 130 OUE/m3. Experimental studies were undertaken to investigate the impact of different conditioning temperatures in order to determine the optimum temperature for cleaning new Tedlar bags to a level when no detectable odours were present in the sampling bags via dilution olfactometry. For the purpose of this study, new Tedlar bags were cleaned in a temperature-controlled oven that had a constant filtered air flow-rate. From the analysis of odour and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) concentrations found in new Tedlar bags during the cleaning process, it was observed that odour and VOCs concentrations decreased with time. It was also found that the temperature setting plays a significant role in the cleaning of the Tedlar bags as large concentrations of phenols and acetamide, N,N-dimethyl were found in new Tedlar bags and their concentrations decreased following the temperature pre-conditioning.

scholarly journals The occurrence of priority substances in surface water

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 00011
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Moraczewska-Majkut ◽  
Katarzyna Kalemba
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Water Framework Directive ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Priority Substances ◽  
A Priority ◽  
The Impact

In the article the presence of substances, specified in the Water Framework Directive as a priority, in the aquatic environment was analyzed. The impact of priority substances on organisms especially on human health and ways of reducing their occurrence was discussed. Particular attention was paid to the legal aspects of the presence of these compounds in the aquatic environment and the principles of monitoring of priority substances.

scholarly journals Challenges and Recent Advances in Enzyme-Mediated Wastewater Remediation—A Review

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3124
Author(s):  
Khadega A. Al-Maqdi ◽  
Nada Elmerhi ◽  
Khawlah Athamneh ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Ahmed Alzamly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Emerging Pollutants ◽  
Enzyme Engineering ◽  
Wastewater Remediation ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Incomplete Removal ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Made In

Different classes of artificial pollutants, collectively called emerging pollutants, are detected in various water bodies, including lakes, rivers, and seas. Multiple studies have shown the devastating effects these emerging pollutants can have on human and aquatic life. The main reason for these emerging pollutants in the aquatic environment is their incomplete removal in the existing wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Several additional treatments that could potentially supplement existing WWTPs to eliminate these pollutants include a range of physicochemical and biological methods. The use of enzymes, specifically, oxidoreductases, are increasingly being studied for their ability to degrade different classes of organic compounds. These enzymes have been immobilized on different supports to promote their adoption as a cost-effective and recyclable remediation approach. Unfortunately, some of these techniques have shown a negative effect on the enzyme, including denaturation and loss of catalytic activity. This review focuses on the major challenges facing researchers working on the immobilization of peroxidases and the recent progress that has been made in this area. It focuses on four major areas: (1) stability of enzymes upon immobilization, enzyme engineering, and evolution; (2) recyclability and reusability, including immobilization on membranes and solid supports; (3) cost associated with enzyme-based remediation; and (4) scaling-up and bioreactors.

scholarly journals Impacts of COVID-19 on the Aquatic Environment and Implications on Aquatic Food Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11281
Author(s):  
Fatimah Md Yusoff ◽  
Ahmad Fikri Abdullah ◽  
Ahmad Zaharin Aris ◽  
Wahidah Ahmad Dini Umi
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Aquatic Food ◽  
Negative Impacts

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), resulted in ecological changes of aquatic ecosystems, affected the aquatic food supply chain, and disrupted the socio-economy of global populations. Due to reduced human activities during the pandemic, the aquatic environment was reported to improve its water quality, wild fishery stocks, and biodiversity. However, the sudden surge of plastics and biomedical wastes during the COVID-19 pandemic masked the positive impacts and increased the risks of aquatic pollution, especially microplastics, pharmaceuticals, and disinfectants. The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from wastewater treatment plants to natural water bodies could have serious impacts on the environment and human health, especially in developing countries with poor waste treatment facilities. The presence and persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in human excreta, wastewaters, and sludge and its transmission to aquatic ecosystems could have negative impacts on fisheries and aquaculture industries, which have direct implications on food safety and security. COVID-19 pandemic-related environmental pollution showed a high risk to aquatic food security and human health. This paper reviews the impacts of COVID-19, both positive and negative, and assesses the causes and consequences of anthropogenic activities that can be managed through effective regulation and management of eco-resources for the revival of biodiversity, ecosystem health, and sustainable aquatic food production.

Lycopene alleviates sulfamethoxazole-induced hepatotoxicity in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) via suppression of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 8547-8559
Author(s):  
Hongjing Zhao ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Mengyao Mu ◽  
Menghao Guo ◽  
Hongxian Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Grass Carp ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idellus

Antibiotics are used worldwide to treat diseases in humans and other animals; most of them and their secondary metabolites are discharged into the aquatic environment, posing a serious threat to human health.

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