scholarly journals Constraining the Water Cycle Model of an Important Karstic Catchment in Southeast Tibetan Plateau Using Isotopic Tracers (2H, 18O, 3H, 222Rn)

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3306
Author(s):  
Dawei Liao ◽  
Zhonghe Pang ◽  
Weiyang Xiao ◽  
Yinlei Hao ◽  
Jie Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Natural World ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Cycle Model ◽  
Isotopic Tracers ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Local Water ◽  
Southeast Tibetan Plateau

Understanding the connectivity between surface water and groundwater is key to sound geo-hazard prevention and mitigation in a waterscape such as the Jiuzhaigou Natural World Heritage Site in the southeast Tibetan Plateau, China. In this study, we used environmental isotope tracers (2H, 18O 3H, and 222Rn) to constrain a water cycle model including confirming hydrological pathways, connectivity, and water source identification in the Jiuzhaigou catchments. We established the local meteoric water line (LMWL) based on the weekly precipitation isotope sampling of a precipitation station. We systematically collected water samples from various water bodies in the study area to design the local water cycle model. The regional water level and discharge changes at one month after the earthquake indicated that there was a hydraulic connection underground across the local water divide between the Rize (RZ) river in the west and Zechawa (ZCW) lake in the east by the δ18O and δ2H measurements. We employed an end-member mixing model to identify and quantify Jiuzhaigou runoff-generating sources and their contributions, and we found that the average contributions of precipitation and groundwater to the surface runoff in the catchments are about 30% and 70%, respectively. The two branches of the Shuzheng (SZ) trunk were recharged by 62 ± 19% from the ZCW lake and 38 ± 19% from the RZ river, which was consistent with the fractions calculated by the actual discharge volume. 222Rn mass balance analyses were employed to estimate the water exchange between groundwater and river, which further confirmed this estimate. 222Rn concentrations and 3H contents showed that the groundwater had a short residence time and it was moderate precipitation, thought the contribution of groundwater to the river was 70%, according to the different tracers. A three-dimensional conceptual model of the water cycle that integrated the regional hydrological and geological conditions was established for the catchments.

An object based household water cycle model: concept and construction

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Liu ◽  
C. Makropoulos ◽  
D. Butler ◽  
F. A. Memon
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Hierarchical Architecture ◽  
Cycle Model ◽  
Model Concept ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Use Context

An object based household water cycle model has been developed using Matlab (Simulink) in the WaND (Water Cycle Management for New Developments) project to facilitate the development of an optioneering tool. The aim of the tool is to allow the assessment of options for conventional and innovative water management over the long term. Benefits of this approach include flexibility, easy expansion and transferability. An object is defined as a generic abstraction of micro-components which have similar functionalities in a household water use context. Following this concept, four kinds of objects are employed - water source, water use, treatment and sink. Each object has a generic interface which indicates its main attributes and functionality. Micro-components which belong to the same object share the same generic interface. An object can be easily implemented by specifying the associated property table and Matlab file. This forms a system - objects - micro-components - database hierarchical architecture. This paper describes the model development so far and includes initial model runs to demonstrate the power and performance of the approach.

New insights into trace elements in the water cycle of a karst-dominated glacierized region, southeast Tibetan Plateau

2021 ◽  
Vol 751 ◽  
pp. 141725
Author(s):  
Tao Pu ◽  
Yanlong Kong ◽  
Shichang Kang ◽  
Xiaoyi Shi ◽  
Guotao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Southeast Tibetan Plateau

scholarly journals MINERAL NUTRITION OF CRISPHEAD LETTUCE GROWN IN A HYDROPONIC SYSTEM WITH BRACKISH WATER

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 656-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAMMADY RAMALHO E SOARES ◽  
ÊNIO FARIAS DE FRANÇA E SILVA ◽  
GERÔNIMO FERREIRA DA SILVA ◽  
RAQUELE MENDES DE LIRA ◽  
RAPHAELA REVORÊDO BEZERRA
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Foliar Phosphorus ◽  
Solution Preparation ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Local Water

ABSTRACT Water availability in the Brazilian semiarid is restricted and often the only water source available has high salt concentrations. Hydroponics allows using these waters for production of various crops, including vegetables, however, the water salinity can cause nutritional disorders. Thus, two experiments were conducted in a greenhouse at the Department of Agricultural Engineering of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, to evaluate the effects of salinity on the mineral nutrition of crisphead lettuce, cultivar Taina, in a hydroponic system (Nutrient Film Technique), using brackish water in the nutrient solution, which was prepared by adding NaCl to the local water (0.2 dS m-1). A randomized blocks experimental design was used in both experiments. The treatments consisted of water of different salinity levels (0.2, 1.2, 2.2, 3.2, 4.2 and 5.2 dS m-1) with four replications, totaling 24 plots for each experiment. The water added to compensate for the water - depth loss due to evapotranspiration (WCET) was the brackish water of each treatment in Experiment I and the local water without modifications in Experiment II. The increase in the salinity of the water used for the nutrient solution preparation reduced the foliar phosphorus and potassium contents and increased the chloride and sodium contents, regardless of the WCET. Foliar nitrogen, calcium, magnesium and sulfur contents were not affected by increasing the water salinity used for the nutrient solution preparation.

Urban water management strategies based on a total urban water cycle model and energy aspects – Case study for Tel Aviv

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Thi Hoang Duong ◽  
Avner Adin ◽  
David Jackman ◽  
Peter van der Steen ◽  
Kala Vairavamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Management ◽  
Cycle Model ◽  
Tel Aviv ◽  
Energy Aspects ◽  
Urban Water Cycle

scholarly journals INSAR COHERENCE AND POLARIMETRIC PARAMETERS BASED CHARACTERIZATION OF FLOODED AREA – CASE STUDY OF A NATURAL WORLD HERITAGE SITE KAZIRANGA NATIONAL PARK

2018 ◽  
Vol IV-5 ◽  
pp. 265-272
Author(s):  
A. S. Dini Das ◽  
S. Kumar ◽  
A. Babu ◽  
P. K. Thakur
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Natural World ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Alos Palsar ◽  
Kaziranga National Park ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
L Band ◽  
Flooded Area

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Flood is a major threat to one of the UNESCO world heritage site of India-The Kaziranga National Park. Every year during the monsoon several hundreds of animals which include globally threatened species like single-horned Indian Rhinoceros of Kaziranga lose their lives due to the flood. The Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) can be used to monitoring the flood than the optical remote sensors because of their capability of all-weather and time-independent operability. The microwave L band is most suitable for the flood studies because of its higher penetration capability even through the vegetation. In this study, the advantages of SAR polarimetry and Interferometry of multi-temporal L band dual-pol data of ALOS PALSAR 2 were used to characterize the flooded area and also to monitor the flood extent. The H/ A/ Alpha decomposition gives a better characterization of the flooded area. The separability analysis is done with a different combination of decomposition parameters and the parameters having high-class separability between water and non-water areas are selected. Polarimetric classification using Random forest classifier is done on these selected decomposition parameters to classify the study into water and non-water areas. The classified images of different months before, during and after the flood time is used to quantitatively estimate the flood extent and for time series analysis. The Interferometric SAR coherence images along with the backscatter images are used to generate the RGB composites which also gives times series information on the flood impact.</p>

scholarly journals Assessing Snow Phenology and Its Environmental Driving Factors in Northeast China

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 262
Author(s):  
Hui Guo ◽  
Xiaoyan Wang ◽  
Zecheng Guo ◽  
Siyong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
Forested Areas

Snow cover is an important water source and even an Essential Climate Variable (ECV) as defined by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Assessing snow phenology and its driving factors in Northeast China will help with comprehensively understanding the role of snow cover in regional water cycle and climate change. This study presents spatiotemporal variations in snow phenology and the relative importance of potential drivers, including climate, geography, and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), based on the MODIS snow products across Northeast China from 2001 to 2018. The results indicated that the snow cover days (SCD), snow cover onset dates (SCOD) and snow cover end dates (SCED) all showed obvious latitudinal distribution characteristics. As the latitude gradually increases, SCD becomes longer, SCOD advances and SCED delays. Overall, there is a growing tendency in SCD and a delayed trend in SCED across time. The variations in snow phenology were driven by mean temperature, followed by latitude, while precipitation, aspect and slope all had little effect on the SCD, SCOD and SCED. With decreasing temperature, the SCD and SCED showed upward trends. The mean temperature has negatively correlation with SCD and SCED and positively correlation with SCOD. With increasing latitude, the change rate of the SCD, SCOD and SCED in the whole Northeast China were 10.20 d/degree, −3.82 d/degree and 5.41 d/degree, respectively, and the change rate of snow phenology in forested areas was lower than that in nonforested areas. At the same latitude, the snow phenology for different underlying surfaces varied greatly. The correlations between the snow phenology and NDVI were mainly positive, but weak correlations accounted for a large proportion.

Gas geochemistry of the hot spring in the Litang fault zone, Southeast Tibetan Plateau

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaocheng Zhou ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
Zhi Chen ◽  
Yueju Cui ◽  
Jianguo Du
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Fault Zone ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Gas Geochemistry ◽  
Southeast Tibetan Plateau
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