scholarly journals Water Treatment Plant Prototype with pH Control Modeled on Fuzzy Logic for Removing Arsenic Using Fe(VI) and Fe(III)

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2834
Author(s):  
Fabricio Paredes Larroca ◽  
Erich Saettone Olschewski ◽  
Javier Quino-Favero ◽  
Jimmy Rosales Huamaní ◽  
José Luis Castillo Sequera
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Fuzzy Control Strategy

This study proposes a fuzzy control strategy embedded in a Siemens IoT2040 gateway developed for removing inorganic arsenic from synthetic underground water in a treatment plant prototype. The prototype is used to dose a constant flow of Fe(VI) to maintain an oxide-reduction potential to guarantee the oxidation of arsenite into arsenate, while the fuzzy logic embedded in the IoT control manages the addition of Fe(III) to achieve a proper pH adjustment and efficient arsenate removal. The tests used synthetic Bangladesh groundwater enriched with 200 µg/L of arsenite and 200 µg/L of arsenate. The results revealed that the plant prototype yielded an effective treatment of the water. Arsenate was decreased to an average value of 6.66 µg/L and, the arsenite concentration decreased to 1.01 µg/L or less. These values were lower than the limit of 10 µg/L deemed by the World Health Organization as safe for human consumption.

Pilot-scale study of the radiation-induced silica removal from underground brackish water in Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed S. Aljohani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Ph Effect ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Ferric Hydroxide ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Silica Removal ◽  
Radiation Induced

AbstractSilica scaling deposition in industrial water systems is one of the biggest challenges facing the water treatment industry due the low solubility of the scalants in the feed waters. In this preliminary work, we investigated the effectiveness of the ionizing radiation induced removal of silica in water sample from the Salbukh, Saudi Arabia, water treatment plant by using metallic iron as the source of ferric hydroxide to co-precipitate the silica. The influence of several reaction parameters, i.e. iron powder dosage, radiation dose, initial pH and equilibrium pH effect were investigated. In the optimum conditions, up to 75% of silica was removed. This preliminary study showed that this environmentally friendly process is effective in silica removal from underground water.

scholarly journals Chlorate formation in water distribution systems: a modeling study

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fulvio Boano ◽  
Silvia Fiore ◽  
Roberto Revelli
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
World Health ◽  
Guideline Values ◽  
Physicochemical Features ◽  
Health Organization

Chlorine-based disinfection agents are known to favor the production of disinfection by-products (DBPs), whose concentrations are restricted by international guidelines to ensure a safe consumption of drinking water. Hence, it is important to understand the behavior of DBPs within water distribution networks (WDNs) to avoid users' exposure to concentrations higher than guideline values. The build-up in chlorate concentration resulting from chlorinated disinfectants is here simulated with the EPANET 2.0 software for one benchmark WDN serving about 130,000 inhabitants. Chlorate generation was accounted by means of an empirical model, considering different boundary conditions (physicochemical features of raw water, disinfectant dose). The gathered results indicate that increases in chlorate concentration within the considered WDN are narrow. Chlorate neo-formation in the WDN is, however, strictly related to the initial amount of chlorate released by the water treatment plant, i.e., to the input value in the WDN. If chlorate concentration in treatment plants is kept below 700 μg/L (i.e., World Health Organization guideline), depending on the mixing conditions in tanks, the simulation results referred to the considered WDN show that the DBP build-up within the network is limited (in any case lower than 5–7% of the threshold value).

scholarly journals A NOVEL APPLICATION OF CHAOTIC PROPERTIES IN WATER TREATMENT PLANT

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4749-4763
Author(s):  
Sridhar Natarajan ◽  
S. Senthil Kumaar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
World Health ◽  
Treated Drinking Water

This paper aims at presenting a new optimization proposal to enhance the flocculation process in Water Treatment (WT) plant using a better flash mixing, located at KELAVERAPALLY, in Krishnagiri district, Tamil Nadu, India. Further, Sludge removal is done efficiently which decreases the water wastage as well as improvement in output water quality. Though WT plants are already equipped with systematic and sequential physicochemical processes, still they need to be optimized to obtain a better treated drinking water to maintain the quality standards as prescribed by World Health Organization. Chaotic behavior in chemical systems has been used to optimize the performance of WT plant. Measurement systems implemented in WT plant yield several chaotic based measurement parameters which are used to control the system operations to maintain the target water quality.  This intelligible data extraction through the proposed measurement  systems in a short span of time improves the plant performance without adding any costly systems except few changes in the existing plant setup.  Chaotic behavior is ensured through Lyapunov Exponents and Kolmogorov-Sinai Entropies. Both, water quality improvement and water wastage reduction is achieved simultaneously in the proposed work when a dosage prediction is done using Feed Forward Neural Networks. The treatment plant investigated has a maximum capacity of 14 MLD (Million litres per day) using two parallel streams with 7 MLD each

scholarly journals A web-based early-warning service to monitor drinking-water treatment plant operations

2010 ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Franclin S. Foping
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
World Health ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Supply And Distribution ◽  
The World

Drinking contaminated water can be harmful to our health. According to the World Health Organization, about 1.8 million people die every year across the world from water-borne diseases mainly caused by polluted drinking water. Furthermore, the cryptosporidium outbreak that happened in Galway in 2007 indicates the urgency to provide appropriate solutions in order to counteract this ominous situation in the country. Water treatment plants (WTP) are basic components of modern water supply and distribution systems. These are engineering systems that purify raw water to specific safety levels. The raw water passes through a series of treatment phases wherein it is processed and purified according to existing safety protocols regulating drinking water. After undergoing a purification step, the drinking water is distributed to the consumers through a network of pipes, pumps and reservoirs. The research presented in this report is focused on the safety of these critical infrastructures. In particular, the ...

Research on Fluoride Removal from Membranes Rejected Water

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef-Amine Boussouga ◽  
Marina Valentukeviciene ◽  
Ramune Zurauskiene
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Cost ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Microscopic Technique ◽  
Natural Sorbent ◽  
Sorption Phenomenon ◽  
Fluoride Sorbents

The excess of fluoride in water intended for human consumption can cause some problems in health of consumers from concentrations over than 1.5 mg/L. A detailed study has been carried out for the removal of fluoride from concentrated rejected water overcoming the drawback of membrane processes by using sorption techniques. Opoka mineral which is a natural sorbent and polonite have been chosen and valorized in this present work as fluoride sorbents for rejected water by membranes of the water treatment plant. These sorbents have been selected in order to reduce the treatment cost and to meet the standards of rejected water especially in term of fluoride. Opoka sorbent and polonite have shown effective results for fluoride removal from rejected water with efficiency over than 77%. In order to understand the sorption phenomenon and to validate the results with sorbents, we have applied experimental data on Freundlich Isotherm and SEM microscopic technique.

An Engineering Example of Removing Iron and Manganese from Underground Water

2014 ◽  
Vol 508 ◽  
pp. 251-254
Author(s):  
Yu Li ◽  
Ya Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Processing Capacity ◽  
Process Characteristics ◽  
Operation Cost ◽  
Iron And Manganese

Use water supply treatment engineering of Shenyang some water treatment plant as an example. Introduced process characteristics, design parameters, treatment effect and operation cost of treating iron and manganese of underground drinking water. This water treatment plant treat the underground water as the source, and the processing capacity of water of this engineering is 105t/d. This underground water turns out to be abundant and clear. Therefore, the main process of the water treatment plant is decresing the content of iron and manganese in the underground water.

scholarly journals UNDERGROUND WATER QUALITY OF ROCK MINING IN ISHIAGU, EBONYI STATE, NIGERIA

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (63) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. O. Obiekezie ◽  
J. N. Okereke ◽  
E. Anyalogbu ◽  
S. I. Okorondu ◽  
T. I. N. Ezejiofor
Keyword(s):  
Underground Water ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Physical Treatment ◽  
Rock Mining ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

Physicochemical and bacteriological analysis of underground water of Crush Rock mining pit in Ishiagu, Ebonyi State Nigeria were carried out to determined the pollution level and the potability of the groundwater due to mining and human activities. The results were compared with standards for water pollution and World Health Organization for drinking water. The results showed that total dissolved solids (TDS), total alkalinity, calcium and sodium, which had concentration ranges of 126-986ppm, 200.18-615.55ppm, 7.8- 30.10ppm and 64-88ppm respectively, were above standards. However, the mean concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO)(1.2-3.20ppm) was below the standard. Other parameters measured were found to be within the permissible acceptable standard. Pseudomonas, Chromobacterium, Bacillus, Escherichia, Staphylococcus, Flavobacterium, Micrococcus, Citrobacter and Achromobacter species were identified as the major bacteria isolated from the underground water. The study revealed that the underground water from Crush Rock mining pit in Ishiagu Ebonyi State, Nigeria require some chemical and physical treatment as it is unsafe for human consumption.

scholarly journals Diagnosis, recommendations and optimization for potable water treatment plant in Cauca (Colombia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-307
Author(s):  
Dustin Stephan Melendez Giraldo
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Technical And Economic Analysis ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Additional Water ◽  
Treatment Facilities

Currently the water supply system in the municipality of Corinto (Cauca) in Colombia provides drinking water to the entire urban and rural population of the municipality. In order to provide drinking water to the entire population, it became necessary to optimize and/or expand the existing water treatment plant. The article presents an assessment of the consideration of two optimization options: the need for reconstruction of existing water treatment facilities or the construction of additional water treatment units. A reasonable proposal was made to expand the station by building additional water treatment units, including advanced modern water treatment technologies, such as coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, sorption, settling using thin-layer modules and disinfection, based on the survey (diagnostics), technical and economic analysis, analysis of the efficiency of the existing water treatment plant, taking into account the quality of drinking water preparation, confirmed by the analysis of samples, the results of physical, chemical and microbiological tests, indicating the optimal quality of drinking water for human consumption. The use of modern water treatment technologies will allow to achieve the required quality of purified sufficient water for drinking purpose.

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