scholarly journals Comparison Study of Multiple Precipitation Forcing Data on Hydrological Modeling and Projection in the Qujiang River Basin

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongyu Song ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Xianyong Meng ◽  
Yuyan Zhou ◽  
Yuequn Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Precipitation Data ◽  
Simulation Performance ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Monthly Streamflow ◽  
Key Factor

As a key factor in the water cycle and climate change, the quality of precipitation data directly affects the hydrological processes of the river basin. Although many precipitation products with high spatial and temporal resolutions are now widely used, it is meaningful and necessary to investigate and evaluate their merits and demerits in hydrological applications. In this study, two satellite-based precipitation products (Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission, TRMM; Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for GPM, IMERG) and one reanalysis precipitation product (China Meteorological Assimilation Driving Datasets for the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, CMADS) are studied to compare their streamflow simulation performance in the Qujiang River Basin, China, using the SWAT model with gauged rainfall data as a reference. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) CMADS has stronger precipitation detection capabilities compared to gauged rainfall, while TRMM results in the most obvious overestimation in the four sub-basins. (2) In daily and monthly streamflow simulations, CMADS + SWAT mode offers the best performance. CMADS and IMERG can provide high quality precipitation data for data-scarce areas, and IMERG can effectively avoid the overestimation of streamflow caused by TRMM, especially on a daily scale. (3) The runoff projections of the three modes under RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) 4.5 was higher than that of RCP 8.5 on the whole. IMERG + SWAT overestimates the surface water resources of the basin compared to CMADS + SWAT, while TRMM + SWAT provides the most stable uncertainty. These findings contribute to the comparison of the differences among the three precipitation products and provides a reference for the selection of precipitation data in similar regions.

scholarly journals Baseflow simulation using SWAT model in an inland river basin in Tianshan Mountains, Northwest China

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1259-1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Luo ◽  
J. Arnold ◽  
P. Allen ◽  
X. Chen
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Tianshan Mountains ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Model Based ◽  
The One

Abstract. Baseflow is an important component in hydrological modeling. The complex streamflow recession process complicates the baseflow simulation. In order to simulate the snow and/or glacier melt dominated streamflow receding quickly during the high-flow period but very slowly during the low-flow period in rivers in arid and cold northwest China, the current one-reservoir baseflow approach in SWAT (Soil Water Assessment Tool) model was extended by adding a slow- reacting reservoir and applying it to the Manas River basin in the Tianshan Mountains. Meanwhile, a digital filter program was employed to separate baseflow from streamflow records for comparisons. Results indicated that the two-reservoir method yielded much better results than the one-reservoir one in reproducing streamflow processes, and the low-flow estimation was improved markedly. Nash-Sutcliff efficiency values at the calibration and validation stages are 0.68 and 0.62 for the one-reservoir case, and 0.76 and 0.69 for the two-reservoir case. The filter-based method estimated the baseflow index as 0.60, while the model-based as 0.45. The filter-based baseflow responded almost immediately to surface runoff occurrence at onset of rising limb, while the model-based responded with a delay. In consideration of watershed surface storage retention and soil freezing/thawing effects on infiltration and recharge during initial snowmelt season, a delay response is considered to be more reasonable. However, a more detailed description of freezing/thawing processes should be included in soil modules so as to determine recharge to aquifer during these processes, and thus an accurate onset point of rising limb of the simulated baseflow.

scholarly journals Hydrological Modeling of Karst Watershed Containing Subterranean River Using a Modified SWAT Model: A Case Study of the Daotian River Basin, Southwest China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 3552
Author(s):  
Xinxin Geng ◽  
Chengpeng Zhang ◽  
Feng’e Zhang ◽  
Zongyu Chen ◽  
Zhenlong Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Karst Water ◽  
Reservoir Model ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Karst Areas

Karst watershed refers to the total range of surface and underground recharge areas of rivers (including subterranean rivers and surface rivers) in karst areas. Karst water resources, as the primary source of domestic water supply in southwest China, are vital for the social and economic development of these regions. These resources are greatly significant for guiding water resources management in karst areas to establish a high-precision hydrological model of karst watersheds. Choosing the Daotian river basin in the Wumeng Mountains of Southwest China as the study area, this paper proposed a method for simplifying karst subterranean rivers into surface rivers by modifying the digital elevation model (DEM) based on a field survey and tracer test. This method aims to solve the inconsistency between the topographical drainage divides and actual catchment boundaries in karst areas. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was modified by replacing the single-reservoir model in the groundwater module with a three-reservoir model to depict the constraints of multiple media on groundwater discharge in the karst system. The results show that the catchment areas beyond topographic watershed were effectively identified after simplifying subterranean rivers to surface rivers based on the modified DEM data, which ensured the accuracy of the basic model. For the calibration and two validation periods, the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiencies (NSE) of the modified SWAT model were 0.87, 0.83, and 0.85, respectively, and R2 were 0.88, 0.84, and 0.86, respectively. The NSE of the modified SWAT model was 0.09 higher than that of the original SWAT model in simulating baseflow, which effectively improved the simulation accuracy of daily runoff. In addition, the modified SWAT model had a lower uncertainty within the same parameter ranges than the original one. Therefore, the modified SWAT model is more applicable to karst watersheds.

scholarly journals The China Meteorological Assimilation Driving Datasets for the SWAT Model (CMADS) Application in China: A Case Study in Heihe River Basin

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-yong Meng ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Si-yu Cai ◽  
Xue-song Zhang ◽  
Guo-yong Leng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hydrologic Modeling ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Heihe River Basin ◽  
Heihe River ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Weather Stations

Large-scale hydrological modeling in China is challenging given the sparse meteorological stations and large uncertainties associated with atmospheric forcing data.Here we introduce the development and use of the China Meteorological Assimilation Driving Datasets for the SWAT model (CMADS) in the Heihe River Basin(HRB) for improving hydrologic modeling, by leveraging the datasets from the China Meteorological Administration Land Data Assimilation System (CLDAS)(including climate data from nearly 40000 area encryption stations, 2700 national automatic weather stations, FengYun (FY) 2 satellite and radar stations). CMADS uses the Space Time Multiscale Analysis System (STMAS) to fuse data based on ECWMF ambient field and ensure data accuracy. In addition, compared with CLDAS, CMADS includes relative humidity and climate data of varied resolutions to drive hydrological models such as the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. Here, we compared climate data from CMADS, Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) and traditional weather station (TWS) climate forcing data and evaluatedtheir applicability for driving large scale hydrologic modeling with SWAT. In general, CMADS has higher accuracy than CFRS when evaluated against observations at TWS; CMADS also provides spatially continuous climate field to drive distributed hydrologic models, which is an important advantage over TWS climate data, particular in regions with sparse weather stations. Therefore, SWAT model simulations driven with CMADS and TWS achieved similar performances in terms of monthly and daily stream flow simulations, and both of them outperformed CFRS. For example, for the three hydrological stations (Ying Luoxia, Qilian Mountain, and ZhaMasheke) in the HRB at the monthly and daily Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency ranges of 0.75-0.95 and 0.58-0.78, respectively, which are much higher than corresponding efficiency statistics achieved with CFSR (monthly: 0.32-0.49 and daily: 0.26 – 0.45). The CMADS dataset is available free of charge and is expected to a valuable addition to the existing climate reanalysis datasets for deriving distributed hydrologic modeling in China and other countries in East Asia.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the CRU TS3.1, APHRODITE_V1101, and CFSR Datasets in Assessing Water Balance Components in the Upper Vakhsh River Basin in Central Asia

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1334
Author(s):  
Aminjon Gulakhmadov ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Manuchekhr Gulakhmadov ◽  
Zainalobudin Kobuliev ◽  
Nekruz Gulahmadov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Observational Data ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Climatic Research Unit ◽  
Water Balance Components ◽  
Monthly Streamflow

In this study, the applicability of three gridded datasets was evaluated (Climatic Research Unit (CRU) Time Series (TS) 3.1, “Asian Precipitation—Highly Resolved Observational Data Integration Toward the Evaluation of Water Resources” (APHRODITE)_V1101, and the climate forecast system reanalysis dataset (CFSR)) in different combinations against observational data for predicting the hydrology of the Upper Vakhsh River Basin (UVRB) in Central Asia. Water balance components were computed, the results calibrated with the SUFI-2 approach using the calibration of soil and water assessment tool models (SWAT–CUP) program, and the performance of the model was evaluated. Streamflow simulation using the SWAT model in the UVRB was more sensitive to five parameters (ALPHA_BF, SOL_BD, CN2, CH_K2, and RCHRG_DP). The simulation for calibration, validation, and overall scales showed an acceptable correlation between the observed and simulated monthly streamflow for all combination datasets. The coefficient of determination (R2) and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) showed “excellent” and “good” values for all datasets. Based on the R2 and NSE from the “excellent” down to “good” datasets, the values were 0.91 and 0.92 using the observational datasets, CRU TS3.1 (0.90 and 0.90), APHRODITE_V1101+CRU TS3.1 (0.74 and 0.76), APHRODITE_V1101+CFSR (0.72 and 0.78), and CFSR (0.67 and 0.74) for the overall scale (1982–2006). The mean annual evapotranspiration values from the UVRB were about 9.93% (APHRODITE_V1101+CFSR), 25.52% (APHRODITE_V1101+CRU TS3.1), 2.9% (CFSR), 21.08% (CRU TS3.1), and 27.28% (observational datasets) of annual precipitation (186.3 mm, 315.7 mm, 72.1 mm, 256.4 mm, and 299.7 mm, out of 1875.9 mm, 1236.9 mm, 2479 mm, 1215.9 mm, and 1098.5 mm). The contributions of the snowmelt to annual runoff were about 81.06% (APHRODITE_V1101+CFSR), 63.12% (APHRODITE_V1101+CRU TS3.1), 82.79% (CFSR), 81.66% (CRU TS3.1), and 67.67% (observational datasets), and the contributions of rain to the annual flow were about 18.94%, 36.88%, 17.21%, 18.34%, and 32.33%, respectively, for the overall scale. We found that gridded climate datasets can be used as an alternative source for hydrological modeling in the Upper Vakhsh River Basin in Central Asia, especially in scarce-observation regions. Water balance components, simulated by the SWAT model, provided a baseline understanding of the hydrological processes through which water management issues can be dealt with in the basin.

scholarly journals Land cover and climate change effects on streamflow and sediment yield: a case study of Tapacurá River basin, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 371 ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Y. G. Santos ◽  
R. M. Silva ◽  
J. G. Carvalho Neto ◽  
S. M. G. L. Montenegro ◽  
C. A. G. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Monthly Streamflow ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. This study assesses the impact of the land use and climate changes between 1967–2008 on the streamflow and sediment yield in Tapacurá River basin (Brazil) using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The model was calibrated and validated by comparing simulated mean monthly streamflow with observed long-term mean monthly streamflow. The obtained R2 and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency values to streamflow data were respectively 0.82 and 0.71 for 1967–1974, and 0.84 and 0.82 for 1995–2008. The results show that the land cover and climate change affected the basin hydrology, decreasing the streamflow and sediment yield (227.39 mm and 18.21 t ha−1 yr−1 for 1967–1974 and 182.86 mm and 7.67 t ha−1 yr−1 for 1995–2008). The process changes are arising mainly due to the land cover/use variability, but, mainly due to the decreasing in the rainfall rates during 1995–2008 when compared with the first period analysed, which in turn decreased the streamflow and sediments during the wet seasons and reduced the base flow during the dry seasons.

scholarly journals Hydrological modeling as a tool for water resources management of the data-scarce Brahmaputra basin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pulendra Dutta ◽  
Arup Kumar Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Brahmaputra River ◽  
Brahmaputra Basin

Abstract A robust hydrological assessment is a challenging task in regions of limited hydro-climatological information. This level of uncertainty is further augmented in studies of flood hydrology for regions like the Brahmaputra River basin, where spatial variations of topography, land use, soil, and weather components are very high. The present study describes the development of a suitable hydrologic model for the data-scarce transboundary Brahmaputra River basin occupying an area of more than 5,42,000 km2. The main objective is to provide hydrologic assessment of the Brahmaputra River basin, even at locations having hardly any historical records. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model is calibrated and validated using observed discharge of three sections located on the main stem. The results show a fair strength of the statistical parameters. Moreover, the model has been found to produce a satisfactory replica of historical flows at the tributaries with a fair value of correlation (R2 = 0.77) at Golaghat. The results of this model would facilitate the ability of the local authorities with science-based elements to carry out decisions on the management of water resources at the main basin, and even at the sub-basin level.

scholarly journals Hydrological Evaluation of Satellite and Reanalysis-based Rainfall Estimates Over the Upper Tekeze Basin, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kidane Reda ◽  
Xingcai Liu ◽  
Gebremedhin Haile ◽  
Siao Sun ◽  
Qiuhong Tang
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Monthly Streamflow ◽  
Rainfall Estimates

Spatial rainfall data is an essential input to physically based, parametrically distributed hydrological models, and a main contributor to hydrological model uncertainty. Two important issues should be addressed before use of satellite and reanalysis rainfall product at basin level: 1) how useful are these rainfall estimates as forcing data for regional hydrological modeling? 2) which should be preferred for hydrological modelling at high flow and low flow seasons? To this end, rainfall estimates from a satellite-based product, CHIRPSv8, and reanalysis data, EWEMBI, were used as input to SWAT model, and mode performances were evaluated against streamflow measured at three gauge stations in the Upper Tekeze River basin, northern Ethiopia for the period of 2006-2015. Results showed that (I) the daily rainfall from both CHIRPSv8 and EWEMBI are close to the rain gauge data, with relative errors 2.12% and 3.85%, respectively; (II) the monthly streamflow simulated by the SWAT model driven by the CHIRPSv8 and EWEMBI had a Kling-Gupta Efficiency value of 0.6-0.79 and 0.58-0.64, respectively; (III) the SWAT model calibrated with the CHIRPSv8 and EWEMBI rainfall estimates has shown an improvement in hydrological performance compared with that calibrated with interpolated ground observations; (IV) the hydrological performance during high flow seasons is superior to low flow seasons for both CHIRPSv8 and EWEMBI, thus promoting the use of the products for applications focusing on the high flow conditions. In particular, CHIRPSv8 showed relatively better hydrologic performance than EWEMBI. This study provides insight on the usefulness of the gridded rainfall products for hydrological modeling and under which conditions they can be used to generate a plausible level of adequacy and reliability over the Upper Tekeze River basin.

scholarly journals Comparison of NCEP-CFSR and CMADS for Hydrological Modelling Using SWAT in the Muda River Basin, Malaysia

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3288
Author(s):  
Dandan Zhang ◽  
Mou Leong Tan ◽  
Sharifah Rohayah Sheikh Dawood ◽  
Narimah Samat ◽  
Chun Kiat Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Hydrological Modelling ◽  
Climate Forecast System Reanalysis ◽  
Monthly Streamflow ◽  
Gauge Station ◽  
Environmental Prediction ◽  
Gauged Basins

Identification of reliable alternative climate input data for hydrological modelling is important to manage water resources and reduce water-related hazards in ungauged or poorly gauged basins. This study aims to evaluate the capability of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (NCEP-CFSR) and China Meteorological Assimilation Driving Dataset for the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model (CMADS) for simulating streamflow in the Muda River Basin (MRB), Malaysia. The capability was evaluated in two perspectives: (1) the climate aspect—validation of precipitation, maximum and minimum temperatures from 2008 to 2014; and (2) the hydrology aspect—comparison of the accuracy of SWAT modelling by the gauge station, NCEP-CFSR and CMADS products. The results show that CMADS had a better performance than NCEP-CFSR in the climate aspect, especially for the temperature data and daily precipitation detection capability. For the hydrological aspect, the gauge station had a “very good” performance in a monthly streamflow simulation, followed by CMADS and NCEP-CFSR. In detail, CMADS showed an acceptable performance in SWAT modelling, but some improvements such as bias correction and further SWAT calibration are needed. In contrast, NCEP-CFRS had an unacceptable performance in validation as it dramatically overestimated the low flows of MRB and contains time lag in peak flows estimation.

scholarly journals Baseflow simulation of SWAT model in an inland river basin in Tianshan Mountains, Northwest China

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 10397-10424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Luo ◽  
J. Arnold ◽  
P. Allen ◽  
X. Chen
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Tianshan Mountains ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Model Based ◽  
The One

Abstract. Baseflow is an important component in hydrological modeling. Complex streamflow recession process complicates the baseflow simulation. In order to simulate the snow and/or glacier melt dominated streamflow receding quickly during high-flow period but very slowly during the low-flow period in rivers in arid and cold Northwest China, the current one-reservoir baseflow approach in SWAT (Soil Water Assessment Tool) model was extended by adding a slow reacting reservoir and applied to the Manas River basin in Tianshan Mountains. Meanwhile, a digital filter program was employed to separate baseflow from streamflow records for comparisons. Results indicated that the two-reservoir method yielded much better results than the one-reservoir one in reproducing streamflow processes, and the low-flow estimation was improved markedly. Nash-Sutcliff efficiency values at the calibration and validation stages are 0.68 and 0.62 for the one-reservoir case, and 0.76 and 0.69 for the two-reservoir case, respectively. The filter-based method estimated the baseflow index as 0.60, while the model-based as o.45. The filter-based baseflow responds almost immediately to surface runoff occurrence at onset of rising limb, while the model-based with a delay. In consideration of watershed surface storage retention and soil freezing/thawing effects on infiltration and recharge during initial snowmelt season, a delay response is considered to be more reasonable. However, a more detailed description of freezing/thawing processes should be included in soil modules so as to determine recharge to aquifer during these processes, and thus an accurate onset point of rising limb of the simulated baseflow.

scholarly journals Hydrological Modeling of Climate Change Impacts in a Tropical River Basin: A Case Study of the Cauto River, Cuba

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yalina Montecelos-Zamora ◽  
Tereza Cavazos ◽  
Thomas Kretzschmar ◽  
Enrique Vivoni ◽  
Gerald Corzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Boreal Summer ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Aquifer Recharge

The soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model was applied for the first time in Cuba to assess the potential impacts of climate change on water availability in the Cauto River basin. The model was calibrated (and validated) for the 2001–2006 (2007–2010) period at a monthly timescale in two subbasins La Fuente and Las Coloradas, representative of middle and upper sections of the Cauto basin; the calibrated models showed good performance. The output available for the regional climate Model RegCM4.3 was used to force the calibrated SWAT models to simulate a baseline (1970–2000) period and near-future (2015–2039) hydrologic regimes under the representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5 emission scenario. The future projections suggest regional increases of 1.5 °C in mean annual temperature and a 38% decrease in mean annual precipitation in the subbasins. These changes translate to possible reductions in the annual streamflow of up to 61% with respect to the baseline period, whereas the aquifer recharge in the basin is expected to decrease up to 58%, with a consequent reduction of groundwater flow, especially during the boreal summer wet season. These projection scenarios should be of interest to water resources managers in tropical regions.

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