scholarly journals Potential Enhancement of the In-Situ Bioremediation of Contaminated Sites through the Isolation and Screening of Bacterial Strains in Natural Hydrocarbon Springs

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Rizzo ◽  
Matilde Malerba ◽  
Antonio Bucci ◽  
Anna M. Sanangelantoni ◽  
Sara Remelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Emulsifying Capacity ◽  
A Site

Petroleum hydrocarbon contamination (PHC) is an issue of major concern worldwide. These compounds represent the most common environmental pollutants and their cleaning up is mandatory. The main goal of this research was to analyze microbial communities in a site in southern Italy characterized by the presence of hydrocarbons of natural origin by using a multidisciplinary approach based on microbiological, geological and hydrological investigations. Bacterial communities of two springs, the surrounding soils, and groundwater were studied through a combination of molecular and culture-dependent methodologies to explore the biodiversity at the study site, to isolate microorganisms with degradative abilities, and to assess their potential to develop effective strategies to restore the environmental quality. Next-generation sequencing revealed the dominance of species of the Proteobacteria phylum but also the presence of other autochthonous hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms affiliated to other phyla (e.g., species of the genera Flavobacterium and Gordonia). The traditional cultivation-based approach led to the isolation and identification of 11 aerobic hydrocarbon-oxidizing proteobacteria, some of which were able to grow with phenanthrene as the sole carbon source. Seven out of the 11 isolated bacterial strains produced emulsion with diesel fuel (most of them showing emulsifying capacity values greater than 50%) with a high stability after 24 h and, in some cases, after 48 h. These results pave the way for further investigations finalized at (1) exploiting both the degradation ability of the bacterial isolates and/or microbial consortia to remediate hydrocarbon-contaminated sites and (2) the capability to produce molecules with a promoting effect for oil polluted matrices restoration.

Metal and petroleum hydrocarbon contamination at Wilkes Station, East Antarctica

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirstie A. Fryirs ◽  
Erla G. Hafsteinsdóttir ◽  
Scott C. Stark ◽  
Damian B. Gore
Keyword(s):  
Water Contamination ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Background Concentration ◽  
Site Assessment ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Concentration Levels

AbstractThe management of sediment and water contamination from legacy waste is a significant problem in Antarctica. Although several reports have noted that there are contaminated sites at the abandoned Wilkes Station, a systematic attempt to assess the spatial scale of the problem has not been made, making development of clean-up or preservation programmes difficult. A contaminated site assessment for the old Wilkes Station and surrounds is presented in this paper. The Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council (ANZECC) sediment and water quality guidelines and background concentration levels (BCL) were used to assess the extent of contamination across Clark Peninsula. Of 67 sediment sites sampled, 72% were contaminated with at least one metal or metalloid, with values exceeding the ANZECC ISQG-High or 2 x BCL. Moreover, 19% were contaminated with four or more metals/metalloids. Of the 93 water samples collected, all but one was contaminated with at least one metal/metalloid concentration exceeding the guidelines, and 96% were contaminated with two or more metals/metalloids. For hydrocarbons in sediment and water, most samples were below quantitation limits. There is a complex pattern of contamination across Clark Peninsula that needs to be considered in future waste treatment, containment or removal operations, and for protection of heritage items.

scholarly journals Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contamination in Terrestrial Ecosystems—Fate and Microbial Responses

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 3400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Truskewycz ◽  
Taylor D. Gundry ◽  
Leadin S. Khudur ◽  
Adam Kolobaric ◽  
Mohamed Taha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Attenuation ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
The Impact

Petroleum hydrocarbons represent the most frequent environmental contaminant. The introduction of petroleum hydrocarbons into a pristine environment immediately changes the nature of that environment, resulting in reduced ecosystem functionality. Natural attenuation represents the single, most important biological process which removes petroleum hydrocarbons from the environment. It is a process where microorganisms present at the site degrade the organic contaminants without the input of external bioremediation enhancers (i.e., electron donors, electron acceptors, other microorganisms or nutrients). So successful is this natural attenuation process that in environmental biotechnology, bioremediation has developed steadily over the past 50 years based on this natural biodegradation process. Bioremediation is recognized as the most environmentally friendly remediation approach for the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons from an environment as it does not require intensive chemical, mechanical, and costly interventions. However, it is under-utilized as a commercial remediation strategy due to incomplete hydrocarbon catabolism and lengthy remediation times when compared with rival technologies. This review aims to describe the fate of petroleum hydrocarbons in the environment and discuss their interactions with abiotic and biotic components of the environment under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Furthermore, the mechanisms for dealing with petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in the environment will be examined. When petroleum hydrocarbons contaminate land, they start to interact with its surrounding, including physical (dispersion), physiochemical (evaporation, dissolution, sorption), chemical (photo-oxidation, auto-oxidation), and biological (plant and microbial catabolism of hydrocarbons) interactions. As microorganism (including bacteria and fungi) play an important role in the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons, investigations into the microbial communities within contaminated soils is essential for any bioremediation project. This review highlights the fate of petroleum hydrocarbons in tertial environments, as well as the contributions of different microbial consortia for optimum petroleum hydrocarbon bioremediation potential. The impact of high-throughput metagenomic sequencing in determining the underlying degradation mechanisms is also discussed. This knowledge will aid the development of more efficient, cost-effective commercial bioremediation technologies.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Persistent Chlorinated Organophosphorus Flame Retardant-Degrading Bacteria

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (15) ◽  
pp. 5292-5296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shouji Takahashi ◽  
Ikuko Satake ◽  
Isao Konuma ◽  
Koji Kawashima ◽  
Manami Kawasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Phosphorus Sources

ABSTRACT Tris(2-chloroethyl) and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphates are chlorinated persistent flame retardants that have recently emerged as environmental pollutants. Two bacterial strains that can degrade the compounds when they are the sole phosphorus sources have been isolated and identified as members of the sphingomonads. The strains can be useful for the bioremediation of environments contaminated with these compounds.

Isolation and identification of IAA producing endosymbiotic bacteria from Gracillaria corticata (J. Agardh)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5179
Author(s):  
Ilahi Shaik* ◽  
P. Janakiram ◽  
Sujatha L. ◽  
Sushma Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Endosymbiotic Bacteria ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth

Indole acetic acid is a natural phytohormone which influence the root and shoot growth of the plants. Six (GM1-GM6) endosymbiotic bacteria are isolated from Gracilaria corticata and screened for the production of IAA out of six, three bacterial strains GM3, GM5 and GM6 produced significant amount of IAA 102.4 µg/ml 89.40 µg/ml 109.43 µg/ml respectively. Presence of IAA in culture filtrate of the above strains is further analyzed and confirmed by TLC. As these bacterial strains, able to tolerate the high salinity these can be effectively used as PGR to increase the crop yield in saline soils.

scholarly journals Characterization of microbial response to petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in a lacustrine ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio D’Ugo ◽  
Milena Bruno ◽  
Arghya Mukherjee ◽  
Dhrubajyoti Chattopadhyay ◽  
Roberto Giuseppetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Microbial Response ◽  
Pollution Event ◽  
Hydrocarbonoclastic Potential

AbstractMicrobiomes of freshwater basins intended for human use remain poorly studied, with very little known about the microbial response to in situ oil spills. Lake Pertusillo is an artificial freshwater reservoir in Basilicata, Italy, and serves as the primary source of drinking water for more than one and a half million people in the region. Notably, it is located in close proximity to one of the largest oil extraction plants in Europe. The lake suffered a major oil spill in 2017, where approximately 400 tons of crude oil spilled into the lake; importantly, the pollution event provided a rare opportunity to study how the lacustrine microbiome responds to petroleum hydrocarbon contamination. Water samples were collected from Lake Pertusillo 10 months prior to and 3 months after the accident. The presence of hydrocarbons was verified and the taxonomic and functional aspects of the lake microbiome were assessed. The analysis revealed specialized successional patterns of lake microbial communities that were potentially capable of degrading complex, recalcitrant hydrocarbons, including aromatic, chloroaromatic, nitroaromatic, and sulfur containing aromatic hydrocarbons. Our findings indicated that changes in the freshwater microbial community were associated with the oil pollution event, where microbial patterns identified in the lacustrine microbiome 3 months after the oil spill were representative of its hydrocarbonoclastic potential and may serve as effective proxies for lacustrine oil pollution.

Isolation and Identification of Bacterial Strains from Decomposing Hazelnut Husk

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rıdvan Kızılkaya ◽  
Nevzat Sahin ◽  
Demet Tatar ◽  
Aysel Veyisoglu ◽  
Tayfun Askın ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Hazelnut Husk

scholarly journals Air Pollution around Schools and Poorer Student Health and Academic Performance: A Case of Dhaka, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Nusrat Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Student Health ◽  
Attendance Rate ◽  
New School ◽  
The Times ◽  
A Site ◽  
Testing Standards

Dhaka is one of the most vulnerable cities of the world to the adverse effects of air pollution and variables. Children of Dhaka are the most affected group of people to any crucial change in any climatic change, i.e., air pollution. Exposing children to any environmental pollutants during the times of their growth can lead to long-lasting health problems, dysfunction, and disease. The location of the schools can increase their exposure. In such, a survey has been conducted on the extent of air pollution from industrial sources around different schools in Dhaka to find out whether air pollution threatens children’s health and academic success. We found that schools in the highest air polluted areas had the poorer attendance rate — indicates poor health—and the highest proportions of students who are not performing up to their potential in educational testing standards. However, Dhaka and some other cities do not require officials considering a site for a new school to analyze its air quality. The survey result shows that such requirements are needed. For schools already in existence, we recommend that their environmental quality should be examined and improved to save our future generation.     

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