scholarly journals Evolution of the Materials and Methods Used for Subsurface Drainage of Agricultural Lands from Antiquity to the Present

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stavros I. Yannopoulos ◽  
Mark E. Grismer ◽  
Khaled M. Bali ◽  
Andreas N. Angelakis
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Agricultural Drainage ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Poorly Drained Soils ◽  
Over Time

Agricultural drainage plays an important role worldwide in food production and conservation of soil resources, while safeguarding investments in agricultural production and irrigation projects. It can improve crop yields and land productivity, especially on poorly drained soils and in cases of prolonged waterlogging. Both the subsurface drainage materials and the installation techniques used have a long history dating to prehistoric times. Over time, new subsurface drainage materials, installation techniques and modernized equipment were being developed continuously to take advantage of technological advances provided through research and development, while the planning and organization of the implementation process were improved. Today’s new materials and improved installation methods can offer solutions to problems still unsolved, while sometimes creating new ones. This paper considers the evolution of basic subsurface drainage materials and their installation techniques as they developed and adapted over time as well as possible future trends in drainage system design and application.

scholarly journals Advances and Challenging Issues in Subsurface Drainage Module Technology and BIOECODS: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 07005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdurrasheed Sa'id Abdurrasheed ◽  
Khamaruzaman Wan Yusof ◽  
Husna Bt Takaijudin ◽  
Aminuddin Ab. Ghani ◽  
Muhammad Mujahid Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drainage System ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Ecologically Sustainable ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Flow Attenuation ◽  
Permeability Rate ◽  
Over Time

Subsurface drainage modules are important components of the Bio-ecological Drainage System (BIOECODS) which is a system designed to manage stormwater quantity and quality using constructed grass swales, subsurface modules, dry and wet ponds. BIOECODS is gradually gaining attention as one of the most ecologically sustainable solutions to the frequent flash floods in Malaysia and the rest of the world with a focus on the impact of the subsurface modules to the effectiveness of the system. Nearly two decades of post-construction research in the BIOECODS technology, there is need to review findings and areas of improvement in the system. Thus, this study highlighted the key advances and challenges in these subsurface drainage modules through an extensive review of related literature. From the study, more work is required on the hydraulic characteristics, flow attenuation and direct validation methods between field, laboratory, and numerical data. Also, there is concern over the loss of efficiency during the design life especially the infiltration capacity of the module, the state of the geotextile and hydronet over time. It is recommended for the sake of higher performance, that there should be an onsite methodology to assess the permeability, rate of clogging and condition of the geotextile as well as the hydronet over time.

scholarly journals Globalization, Cropping Choices, and Profitability in American Agriculture

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven C. Blank
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
The United States ◽  
Commodity Markets ◽  
Agricultural Markets ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
American Agriculture ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThe paper discusses the linkages between the “globalization” of agricultural markets over recent decades and the decisions being made by individual farmers and ranchers in the United States. It is noted that technological advances lead to globalization of agricultural commodity markets and profit pressures. The continuing profit squeeze in agricultural production is having a significant effect on the cropping choices of America's farmers. When possible, acreage is being shifted out of low-revenue-generating crops and into higher-revenue-generating crops. This shift makes crop portfolios more risky over time, thus encouraging farmers to consider diversifying out of agriculture.

scholarly journals Assessment of a Large Subsurface Controlled Drainage and Irrigation System: I. Design, Soil Properties, and Water Management

2010 ◽  
Vol 44-45 (2010-2011) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Michael Aide ◽  
Indi Braden ◽  
Neil Hermann ◽  
David Mauk ◽  
Wesley Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Irrigation Drainage ◽  
Water Contents ◽  
Soil Water Contents

Abstract Controlled subsurface drainage irrigation systems have been designed to promote agronomic performance and to limit overland transport of nutrients during high rainfall events. In this manuscript we describe the design of a 40 ha controlled subsurface drainage irrigation system, describe the soil resource and describe the soil water contents influenced by drainage and irrigation operations. With the use of the Subsurface controlled irrigation/drainage system, crop yields approach regional yield thresholds and soil water contents were maintained between field capacity and the maximum allowed soil water deficit, thus optimizing crop growth and development. In companion manuscripts we describe agronomic performance of corn (Zea mays L.), nutrient uptake patterns, and nutrient concentrations from tile drain effluents and note their potential impact on surface water resources.

scholarly journals From Data Journalism to Artificial Intelligence: Challenges Faced by La Nación in Implementing Computer Vision in News Reporting

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-40
Author(s):  
Mathias-Felipe de-Lima-Santos ◽  
Ramón Salaverría
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Media Industry ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
News Reporting ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
High Resolution Imagery ◽  
Data Journalism

Journalism is at a radical point of change that requires organizations to come up with new ideas and formats for news reporting. Additionally, the notable surge of data, sensors and technological advances in the mobile segment has brought immeasurable benefits to many fields of journalistic practice (data journalism in particular). Given the relative novelty and complexity of implementing artificial intelligence (AI) in journalism, few areas have managed to deploy tailored AI solutions in the media industry. In this study, through a mixed-method approach that combines both participant observations and interviews, we explain the hurdles and obstacles to deploying computer vision news projects, a subset of AI, in a leading Latin American news organization, the Argentine newspaper La Nación. Our results highlight four broad difficulties in implementing computer vision projects that involve satellite imagery: a lack of high-resolution imagery, the unavailability of technological infrastructure, the absence of qualified personnel to develop such codes, and a lengthy and costly implementation process that requires significant investment. This article concludes with a discussion of the centrality of AI solutions in the hands of big tech corporations.

scholarly journals A Historical Overview of Protected Agriculture in the State of Sinaloa, Mexico: Implications for Improving Rural Prosperity

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-26
Author(s):  
Luis Flores ◽  
M. Craig Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The State ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Societal Problems

Economic development is an important phenomenon that can positively impact societal problems such as poverty, lack of education, and insufficient infrastructure, among other ills. In this regard, technological advances are essential to making better use of resources. The agricultural sector is no exception. With the passage of time, advances in agriculture have allowed processes to be optimized, improving production practices and minimizing risks, by using innovative technologies (Schenkel, Finley, & Chumney, 2012). For this reason, the adoption and use of approaches to protected agricultural production grew steadily in the State of Sinaloa, Mexico during the last century and until today. Such technology assisted significantly in the economic development of the region. This inquiry sought to understand factors and forces that augmented expansion of protected agriculture, especially regarding tomato production, and its advantages compared to traditional systems, as experienced by producers in Sinaloa. Understanding such a phenomenon may provide important implications for improving the economies of similar contexts in need of economic development where agriculture is a viable sector. Keywords: economic development; protected agriculture; Sinaloa tomato industry; technological innovation

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