scholarly journals A Survey of Pressure Control Approaches in Water Supply Systems

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1732
Author(s):  
Thapelo C. Mosetlhe ◽  
Yskandar Hamam ◽  
Shengzhi Du ◽  
Eric Monacelli
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Solution Methods ◽  
Supply Systems

Pressure control in water distribution networks (WDNs) provides an avenue for improving both their sustainability and reliability. The complexities of the networks make the problem more challenging as various situational operations must be accounted for to ensure that the entire system performs under recommended conditions. In general, this problem is addressed by the installation of pressure reducing valves (PRVs) in WDNs and determining their appropriate settings. Researchers have proposed the utilization of several control techniques. However, the limitations of both computational and financial resources have compelled the researchers to investigate the possibility of limiting the PRVs while ensuring their control is sufficient for the entire system. Several approaches have been put forward to mitigate this sub-problem of the pressure control problem. This paper presents a review of existing techniques to solve both the localization of PRVs and their control problems. It dwells briefly on the classification of these methods and subsequently highlights their merits and demerits. Despite the available literature, it can be noted that the solution methods are yet to be harmonized. As a result, various avenues of research areas are available. This paper further presents the possible research areas that could be exploited in this domain.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of methods for selecting pumps as turbines to operate in water distribution networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela Niedo Marchiori ◽  
Gustavo Meirelles Lima ◽  
Bruno Melo Brentan ◽  
Edevar Luvizotto Junior
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Empirical Methods ◽  
Efficient Option ◽  
Supply Systems

Abstract Pressure control is an important feature for reducing leakages in water supply systems, and the use of pressure reducing valves has been well established as an efficient option for this purpose. However, several studies have demonstrated that the energy available on such sites could be used to generate electrical energy, instead of being dissipated as head loss; therefore, a more efficient and sustainable solution could be applied for pressure control. Due to the low amount of power available, the use of pumps as turbines (PATs) is highly recommended. However, manufacturers do not provide pump curves operating as turbines, making PAT selection challenging. Different empirical methods can be found in the literature for estimating PAT performance based on the pump operating conditions. Thus, this paper presents a comparative analysis of nine different methods, using real data from 14 pumps. Furthermore, the effectiveness of these methods for PAT selection is evaluated in a hypothetical network.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT OF WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Ladislav Tuhovčák ◽  
Miloslav Tauš ◽  
Tomáš Sucháček
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Water Mains ◽  
Supply Systems

The knowledge of the current technical condition of the operated system is in the interest of the owner or operator of public water supply systems. Such information is the starting point when making decisions on investment projects or planning water mains renewal. The submitted paper introduces the methodology of preliminary assessment of the technical condition of water supply systems and outputs of the software application TEA Water, which makes it possible to assess the technical condition of the specific elements of the water supply systems and clear displaying with the presentation of the assessment results for the entire considered water supply system.

scholarly journals GIS use of Land Use/Land Cover layers and historical data for water losses indices

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 07009
Author(s):  
Alexandru Aldea ◽  
Mihaela Aldea ◽  
Sorin Perju
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Decision Factors ◽  
Supply Systems

The population growth and/or its use and development of the land is a continuous preoccupation of the decision factors regarding the water supply system in general and the development of the potable water distribution networks in particular. This issue is even more critical especially in the areas of big cities and important urban growing. As the urbanization of land outgrows the existing water supply systems, one of the possible solutions is to expand the water distribution network in order to cover this urban growth. The present paper analyses further the possibilities to define and use certain indices of urban development together with water loss indices in order to determine trends or issues related with the provision of water supply services and connectivity.

scholarly journals A New Device for Pressure Control and Energy Recovery in Water Distribution Networks

Water ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Sinagra ◽  
Vincenzo Sammartano ◽  
Gabriele Morreale ◽  
Tullio Tucciarelli
Keyword(s):  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
New Device

scholarly journals No increase in drug dispensing for acute gastroenteritis after Storm Klaus, France 2009

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 737-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Pirard ◽  
S. Goria ◽  
S. Nguengang Wakap ◽  
C. Galey ◽  
Y. Motreff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Power Outages ◽  
Drinking Water Disinfection ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Insurance Database

During the night of 23–24 January 2009, Storm Klaus hit south-western France and caused power outages affecting 1,700,000 homes and stopping numerous pumping and drinking water disinfection systems. In France, medicalized acute gastroenteritis (MAGE) outbreaks are monitored by analysing the daily amount of reimbursements of medical prescriptions, registered in the French National Health Insurance database, at the ‘commune’ administrative level. As AGE is suspected to be associated with perturbations to water supply systems as well as power outages, Storm Klaus provided an opportunity to test its influence on the incidence of MAGE in the communes of three affected French departments (administrative areas larger than communes). The geographical exposure indicator was built by using the mapping of the water distribution zones, the reported distribution/production stoppages and their duration. Irrespective of exposure class, a relative risk of MAGE of 0.86 (95% confidence 0.84–0.88) was estimated compared with the ‘unexposed’ reference level. Although these results must be considered with caution because of a potential marked decrease in global medical consultation probably due to impassable roads, they do not suggest a major public health impact of Klaus in terms of increased MAGE incidence.

scholarly journals Automated software for hydraulic simulation of pipeline operation

2018 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 01017
Author(s):  
Roman Hurgin
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Hydraulic Simulation ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Modern Computer ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Supply Systems

Design of modern water supply systems of large cities as well as their management via renovation of hydraulic models poses time-consuming tasks to researchers, and coping with this task requires specific approaches. When tackling these tasks, water services companies come across a lot of information about various objects of water infrastructure, the majority of which is located underground. In those cases, modern computer-aided design systems containing various components come to help. These systems help to solve a wide array of problems using existing information regarding pipelines, analysis and optimization of their basic parameters. CAD software is becoming an integral part of water supply systems management in large cities, and its capabilities allow engineering and operating companies to not only collect all the necessary data concerning water supply systems in any given city, but also to conduct research aimed at improving various parameters of these systems, including optimization of their hydraulic properties which directly determine the quality of water. This paper contains the analysis of automated CAD software for hydraulic design and management of city water supply systems in order to provide safe and efficient operation of these water supply systems. Authors select the most suitable software that might be used to provide hydraulic compatibility of old and new sections of water supply ring mains after selective or continuous draw-in renovation and decrease in diameter of distribution networks against the background of water consumption decrease in the cities.

scholarly journals Burst Detection in Water Distribution Systems: The Issue of Dataset Collection

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8219
Author(s):  
Andrea Menapace ◽  
Ariele Zanfei ◽  
Manuel Felicetti ◽  
Diego Avesani ◽  
Maurizio Righetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Stochastic Modelling ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Supply Systems

Developing data-driven models for bursts detection is currently a demanding challenge for efficient and sustainable management of water supply systems. The main limit in the progress of these models lies in the large amount of accurate data required. The aim is to present a methodology for the generation of reliable data, which are fundamental to train anomaly detection models and set alarms. Thus, the results of the proposed methodology is to provide suitable water consumption data. The presented procedure consists of stochastic modelling of water request and hydraulic pipes bursts simulation to yield suitable synthetic time series of flow rates, for instance, inlet flows of district metered areas and small water supply systems. The water request is obtained through the superimposition of different components, such as the daily, the weekly, and the yearly trends jointly with a random normal distributed component based on the consumption mean and variance, and the number of users aggregation. The resulting request is implemented into the hydraulic model of the distribution system, also embedding background leaks and bursts using a pressure-driven approach with both concentrated and distributed demand schemes. This work seeks to close the gap in the field of synthetic generation of drinking water consumption data, by establishing a proper dedicated methodology that aims to support future water smart grids.

scholarly journals Adaptive water distribution networks with dynamically reconfigurable topology

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1280-1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Wright ◽  
Ivan Stoianov ◽  
Panos Parpas ◽  
Kevin Henderson ◽  
John King
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Incident Management ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Dynamically Reconfigurable ◽  
Minimum Night Flow

This paper presents a novel concept of adaptive water distribution networks with dynamically reconfigurable topology for optimal pressure control, leakage management and improved system resilience. The implementation of District Meter Areas (DMAs) has greatly assisted water utilities in reducing leakage. DMAs segregate water networks into small areas, the flow in and out of each area is monitored and thresholds are derived from the minimum night flow to trigger the leak localization. A major drawback of the DMA approach is the reduced redundancy in network connectivity which has a severe impact on network resilience, incident management and water quality deterioration. The presented approach for adaptively reconfigurable networks integrates the benefits of DMAs for managing leakage with the advantages of large-scale looped networks for increased redundancy in connectivity, reliability and resilience. Self-powered multi-function network controllers are designed and integrated with novel telemetry tools for high-speed time-synchronized monitoring of the dynamic hydraulic conditions. A computationally efficient and robust optimization method based on sequential convex programming is developed and applied for the dynamic topology reconfiguration and pressure control of water distribution networks. An investigation is carried out using an operational network to evaluate the implementation and benefits of the proposed method.

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