scholarly journals The Effect of Sedimentin Yellow River on Hydraulic Characteristics of Spray Sprinkler

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1349
Author(s):  
Yisheng Zhang ◽  
Jinjun Guo ◽  
Huiliang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Hydraulic Performance ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
High Level

The water shortage has become a great challenge for Yellow River irrigation regions; for the high level of suspended sediment in Yellow River, sprinkler irrigation, which has achieved superior anti-clogging performance, can be an effective solution for water conservation in agriculture management. For the direct utilization of the Yellow River water resource in irrigation land as irrigated by movable sprinkler irrigation systems, a series of experiments about the effect of sediment-water on the hydraulic performance of fixed spray plate sprinkler was conducted. The results showed that peak water precipitation rate appeared as both clean and sediment-water jetting from the groove, and the differences were that sediment-water minimized peak value of water application rate and increased wetted radius efficiently. The water distribution of an individual sprinkler resembled lotus shape with different working conditions, and the application rate nearby sprinkler increased with the increase insediment concentration, resulting in higher water distribution uniformity. In addition, sediment-water increased the spray distance remarkably with a maximum increasing ratio of 7.79%; meanwhile, it led to the transfer of peak application region to the edge of the wetted circle and, consequently, the wetted area increased. The calculation result of the water diffusion coefficient indicated that sediment-water contributed to splintering water jet effectively, but the analysis of variance showed that no significant change was obtained with increasing sediment concentration. All these results suggested that the sediment-water in Yellow River could be directly utilized in agriculture irrigation with superior hydraulic performance, and it would be helpful to protect and maximize the utilization of the Yellow River resource.

scholarly journals Effect of Wave, Current, and Lutocline on Sediment Resuspension in Yellow River Delta-Front

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bowen Li ◽  
Yonggang Jia ◽  
J. Paul Liu ◽  
Xiaolei Liu ◽  
Zhenhao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Yellow River Delta ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Delta Front ◽  
The Yellow River Delta ◽  
Hindered Settling

Historically, the Yellow River in China discharges > 1 × 109 ton/yr sediment to the sea, and has formed a large delta in the western Bohai Sea. Its river mouth is characterized by an extremely high suspended sediment concentration (SSC), up to 50 g/L. However, the hydrodynamic factors controlling the high suspended sediments in the Yellow River estuary are not well understood. Here, we conducted two hydrodynamic observations and SSC measurements in the winter and spring low-flow seasons of 2014–2015 and 2016–2017 under five sea conditions, including calm-rippled, smooth-wavelet, slight, moderate, and rough, in the Yellow River Delta-front during the observation period. Under calm-rippled conditions, the contribution of currents to the total resuspended sediment concentration (RSC) was 77.7%–100.0%. During the smooth-wavelet and slight periods, the currents’ contribution decreased as low as 30% and 3.0% of the total RSC, respectively. Under moderate and rough-sea conditions, waves accounted for at least 70% and 85% of the total RSC, respectively. The results indicate that 20 cm-thick lutoclines were created after a significant increase in the wave height to a peak value followed by a decrease. When the SSC is over 3 g/L and hydrodynamic conditions could not break the lutoclines, the flocculent settling of suspended sediment changes to hindered settling in the Yellow River Delta. Under hindered settling, the settling velocity decreases, and the resuspended sediments remains in the lutoclines and their lower water layers. This study reveals different controlling factors for the high SSC near a river-influenced delta, and helps us get a better understanding of a delta’s resuspension and settling mechanisms.

Flow and Sediment Conditions for the Yellow River Estuary Balance

2013 ◽  
Vol 405-408 ◽  
pp. 2226-2230
Author(s):  
Shou Bing Yu ◽  
Kai Rong Wang ◽  
Wan Zhan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Yellow River ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Yellow River Estuary ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Sediment Volume ◽  
Elevation Data ◽  
Annual Water ◽  
Sediment Data

Multi-object application and water and sediment regulation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir since 2001 have changed the flow and sediment conditions entering the Lower Reaches of Yellow River and the Estuary. Field flow and sediment data at Lijin Hydrological Station and river cross section elevation data downstream from Lijin Section during 2001~2010 have shown that the Estuary have been in a state of little scouring. The 2D mathematical model has been used to study the flow and sediment conditions for the Yellow River Estuary balance. The conclusions have arrived at that total annual water volume is 196 × 108 m3, total annual sediment volume is 1.40~1.70×108 t, coarse sediment concentration is 3kg/m3.

scholarly journals MODELING SEDIMENT TRANSPORT IN THE YELLOW RIVER MOUTH

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (32) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Haibo Zong ◽  
Pingxing Ding ◽  
Fengyan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Sediment Resuspension ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Wave Effects ◽  
Coastal Sediment Transport ◽  
Yellow River Mouth

Yellow River is famous for its high sediment concentration, which carries a huge amount of sediment into Bohai Sea during the flood season. In the mouth of Yellow River, the suspended sediment concentration (here after: SSC) are relatively high and the average depth is generally shallow. Recent studies indicated that in the shallow and micro-tide area, wave usually is a primary mechanism for bottom sediment resuspension. Most numerical studies of sediment transport in the Yellow River mouth didn't include the wave effects. To analyze the sediment transport in the Yellow River mouth with wave effect, a Coastal Sediment Transport Modeling System (CSTMS) was applied in this study.

Application Research of Synthetic Decision Support for System Water Resources Dispatch and Allocation

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 6347-6350
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Zi Jian Zhu ◽  
Sheng Yang Li
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Information Integration ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Application Research ◽  
Topological Relationship ◽  
Key Techniques

Water resources reasonable disposition is a measure to solve water shortage problem, cannot still meet the requirement of practice for the knowledge of complex water resources system and the method of describing and other theoretical research. The Yellow River has faced the dry-up of the Yellow River. A Synthetic Decision Support System (SDSS) for water resources dispatch and allocation, based on a new route and method to water resources dispatch and allocation derision-making was developed in order to gain a better understanding of the water resources dispatch and allocation. The paper completes the design of the main structure and functions of the system, and introduces the key techniques of implementing the system, through the analysis of application subject and information integration manner of the system, topological relationship between the water conservancy project entities in various river basins is established using the thought of graphic-topology and tree-topology. Adopting the data warehouse technique, the integration method of facing the decision subject, separation method of the user interface and application program, the method of water resources dispatch and allocation service model based on topological relationship, is established. The model is integrated with the scenario experiences and knowledge about the water resources dispatch and allocation accumulated by the experts and developers. The system has been put into application successfully, and satisfied effects are obtained, therefore it is worthy to be improved and popularized and has the great directive significance and applied value in optimum operation regulation and uniform management of water resources.

scholarly journals Analysis of Runoff-Sediment Cointegration and Uncertainty Relations at Different Temporal Scales in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River, China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2589
Author(s):  
Xiujie Wang ◽  
Dandan Li ◽  
Ximin Yuan ◽  
Xiling Qi ◽  
Pengfei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Load ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Yellow River Basin ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Uncertainty Relations ◽  
Rating Curves ◽  
Runoff Sediment ◽  
Cointegration Relationship

To understand the intricate runoff-sediment relationship in the middle Yellow River basin (MYRB), the Toudaoguai, Longmen, Tongguan and Huayuankou sites in the MYRB were selected to analyze the deterministic equilibrium and uncertainty relations of runoff-sediment based on 55-year hydrological data at multi-time scales. The Johansen test and wavelet neural network were used to verify the cointegration relationship among hydrological series. Runoff-sediment uncertain statistical relations and dynamics in the MYRB were also analyzed based on rating curves and hysteresis loops. The results showed that the logarithmic sequences of sediment load (SL), runoff and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) conformed to a linear cointegration relationship at the Toudaoguai station or in spring, winter or under small flow at other stations, but a nonlinear cointegration relationship was observed in other cases at other stations. Regarding runoff-sediment uncertain relationships, the rating curves, and hysteresis loops differed in stations (Toudaoguai and the other stations), as well as discharge (threshold: 1000 m3/s), season (ice-flood and rainy season) and saturation of flow at flood and monthly scales. At the annual scale, phased and unsynchronized characteristics of runoff and sediment load were evident with a decreasing trend. This study on the runoff-sediment relationship can rationally provide a theoretical basis for the management and development of the Yellow River and other similar rivers with sufficient sediment, especially for areas with serious soil erosion.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document