scholarly journals Injection of Zerovalent Iron Gels for Aquifer Nanoremediation: Lab Experiments and Modeling

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Mondino ◽  
Amelia Piscitello ◽  
Carlo Bianco ◽  
Andrea Gallo ◽  
Alessandra de Folly D’Auris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Zerovalent Iron ◽  
Column Tests ◽  
Nanoparticle Transport ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Particle Mobility ◽  
Transport Experiment ◽  
Slurry Rheology ◽  
Good Agreement

One of the main technical problems faced during field-scale injections of iron microparticles (mZVI) for groundwater nanoremediation is related to their poor colloidal stability and mobility in porous media. In this study, a shear-thinning gel, composed of a mixture of two environmentally friendly biopolymers, i.e., guar gum and xanthan gum, was employed to overcome these limitations. The slurry rheology and particle mobility were characterized by column transport tests. Then, a radial transport experiment was performed to mimic the particle delivery in more realistic conditions. The gel, even at a low polymeric content (1.75 g/L), proved effective in enhancing the mobility of high concentrated mZVI suspensions (20 g/L) in field-like conditions. The high radius of influence (73 cm) and homogeneous iron distribution were achieved by maintaining a low injection overpressure (<0.4 bar). Based only on the information derived from column tests, the MNMs 2018 software (Micro- and Nanoparticle transport, filtration, and clogging Model-Suite) was able to predict the particle distribution and pressure build-up measured in the radial domain. Experimental and simulated results showed good agreement, thus proving that a simplified experimental-modeling procedure based on 1D column tests could be used to effectively upscale the slurry behavior to more representative scales, e.g., radial domains.

Study of Degradable Fibers with and without Guar Gum as a Proppant Transport Agent Using Large-Scale Slot Equipment

SPE Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Jung Yong Kim ◽  
Lijun Zhou ◽  
Nobuo Morita
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
North America ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Proppant Transport ◽  
Transport Agent ◽  
Unconventional Resources ◽  
Fracture Fluid ◽  
Transport Experiment

Summary Hydraulic fracturing with slickwater is a common practice in developing unconventional resources in North America. The proppant placement in the fractures largely determines the productivity of the well because it affects the conductivity of fractures. Despite the wide use of slickwater fracturing and the importance of proppant placement, the proppant transport is still not fully understood, and the efficiency of the proppant placement is mostly bound to the changes to proppant properties, friction reducers, and guar technology. Although the degradable fiber is currently used in some cases, it has not been well investigated. In this experimental study, we conducted a proppant transport experiment using different fluid compositions of fiber and guar gum in three types of proppant transport slot equipment. After the experiments, simulation was conducted with the commercial fracture software StimPlanTM (NSI Technologies 2020) to simulate and compare the fracture fluid performance with and without the fibers. The results indicate that using degradable fibers with or without the guar gum as a viscosifier can produce a fracture slurry applicable in both conventional and unconventional fracturing operations, helping proppant placement in the reservoir.

Effect of Dilute Polymer Additives on the Acoustic Cavitation Threshold of Water

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Crum ◽  
J. E. Brosey
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Solid Particle ◽  
Polyethylene Oxide ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Acoustic Cavitation ◽  
Polymer Additives ◽  
Gas Bubble ◽  
Index Reduction ◽  
Cavitation Threshold ◽  
Good Agreement

Measurements are presented of the variation of the acoustic cavitation threshold of water with concentration of the polymer additives polyethylene oxide and guar gum. It was found that small amounts of these additives could significantly increase the cavitation threshold. A theoretical model, based upon nucleation of a gas bubble from a Harvey-type crevice in a mote or solid particle, is developed that gives good agreement with the measurements. The applicability of this approach to an explanation of cavitation index reduction in flow-generated or confined jet cavitation, when polymer additives are introduced, is discussed.

scholarly journals Transport of Polymer-Coated Metal-Organic Framework Nanoparticles in Porous Media

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish K. Nune ◽  
Quin R.S. Miller ◽  
H. Todd Schaef ◽  
Tengyue Jian ◽  
Miao Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Column Studies ◽  
Nanoparticle Transport ◽  
Coated Metal ◽  
Metal Organic

Abstract Injecting fluids into deep underground geologic structures is a critical component to development of long-term strategies for managing greenhouse gas emissions and facilitating energy extraction operations. Recently, we reported that metal-organic frameworks are low-frequency absorptive acoustic metamaterial that may be injected into the subsurface enhancing geophysical monitoring tools used to track fluids and map complex structures. A key requirement for this nanotechnology deployment is transportability through porous geologic media without being retained by mineral-fluid interfaces. Flow-through column studies were used to estimate transport and retention properties of five different polymer-coated MIL-101(Cr) nanoparticles in siliceous porous media. Nanoparticle transport experiments revealed that nanoparticle surface characteristics play a critical role in nanoparticle colloidal stability and as well the transport.

scholarly journals Removal of Different Kinds of Heavy Metals by Novel PPG-nZVI Beads and Their Application in Simulated Stormwater Infiltration Facility

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
pp. 4213
Author(s):  
Xiaoran Zhang ◽  
Lei Yan ◽  
Junfeng Liu ◽  
Ziyang Zhang ◽  
Chaohong Tan
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Zerovalent Iron ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron ◽  
Stormwater Infiltration

Polyvinyl alcohol and pumice synthetized guar gum-nanoscale zerovalent iron beads (PPG-nZVI beads) were synthesized, and their adsorption towards Pb2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ ions was evaluated. The adsorption kinetics of metal ions was well fitted by the pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption rate decreased followed in the order of Cu2+ > Pb2+ > Zn2+, consistent with the reduction potential of the ions. The sorption isotherm was well fitted by Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity decreased followed in the order of Pb2+ > Cu2+ > Zn2+, which suggested that the strength of covalent bonds between the metal ions and surface functional groups substituted to the beads is one of the major factors in the adsorption process. Adsorption increased with the increase of pH and the largest sorption occurred at pH 5.5, while ionic strength did not significantly influence the adsorption process. The application of PPG-nZVI beads as filling materials in the simulated stormwater infiltration facility shows good removal efficiency in treating the contaminated water containing Pb2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cr6+, and Cd2+ and the removal rate was more than 65% at least. The results indicated that the PPG-nZVI beads could be applied as promising sorbents for purification of heavy metal contaminated water.

scholarly journals Comparison of the colloidal stability, mobility, and performance of nanoscale zerovalent iron and sulfidated derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 396 ◽  
pp. 122691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiming Su ◽  
David Jassby ◽  
Yalei Zhang ◽  
Arturo A. Keller ◽  
Adeyemi S. Adeleye
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Zerovalent Iron ◽  
Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Testing aerosol properties in MODIS Collection 4 and 5 using airborne sunphotometer observations in INTEX-B/MILAGRO

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  
pp. 8159-8172 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Redemann ◽  
Q. Zhang ◽  
J. Livingston ◽  
P. Russell ◽  
Y. Shinozuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrieval Algorithm ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Transport Experiment ◽  
Satellite Sensors ◽  
Fine Mode ◽  
Shortwave Infrared ◽  
Aerosol Properties ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. The 14-channel Ames Airborne Tracking Sunphotometer (AATS) was operated on a Jetstream 31 (J31) aircraft in March 2006 during MILAGRO/INTEX-B (Megacity Initiative-Local And Global Research Observations/Phase B of the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment). We compare AATS retrievals of spectral aerosol optical depth (AOD) and related aerosol properties with corresponding spatially coincident and temporally near-coincident measurements acquired by the MODIS-Aqua and MODIS-Terra satellite sensors. These comparisons are carried out for the older MODIS Collection 4 (C4) and the new Collection 5 (C5) data set, the latter representing a reprocessing of the entire MODIS data set completed during 2006 with updated calibration and aerosol retrieval algorithm. Our analysis yields a direct, validated assessment of the differences between select MODIS C4 and C5 aerosol retrievals. Our analyses of 37 coincident observations by AATS and MODIS-Terra and 18 coincident observations between AATS and MODIS-Aqua indicate notable differences between MODIS C4 and C5 and between the two sensors. For MODIS-Terra, we find an average increase in AOD of 0.02 at 553 nm and 0.01 or less at the shortwave infrared (SWIR) wavelengths. The change from C4 to C5 results in less good agreement with the AATS derived spectral AOD, with average differences at 553 nm increasing from 0.03 to 0.05. For MODIS-Aqua, we find an average increase in AOD of 0.008 at 553 nm, but an increase of nearly 0.02 at the SWIR wavelengths. The change from C4 to C5 results in slightly less good agreement to the AATS derived visible AOD, with average differences at 553 nm increasing from 0.03 to 0.04. However, at SWIR wavelengths, the changes from C4 to C5 result in improved agreement between MODIS-Aqua and AATS, with the average differences at 2119 nm decreasing from −0.02 to −0.003. Comparing the Angstrom exponents calculated from AOD at 553nm and 855nm, we find an increased rms difference from AATS derived Angstrom exponents in going from C4 to C5 for MODIS-Terra, and a decrease in rms difference, hence an improvement, for the transition from C4 to C5 in MODIS-Aqua. Combining the AATS retrievals with in situ measurements of size-dependent aerosol extinction, we derive a suborbital measure of the aerosol submicron fraction (SMF) of AOD and compare it to MODIS retrievals of aerosol fine mode fraction (FMF). Our analysis shows a significant rms-difference between the MODIS-Terra FMF and suborbitally-derived SMF of 0.17 for both C4 and C5. For MODIS-Aqua, there is a slight improvement in the transition from C4 to C5, with the rms-difference from AATS dropping from 0.23 to 0.16. The differences in MODIS C4 and C5 AOD in this limited data set can be traced to changes in the reflectances input to the aerosol retrievals. An extension of the C4-C5 comparisons from the area along the J31 flight track to a larger study region between 18–23° N and 93–100° W on each of the J31 flight days supports the finding of significant differences between MODIS C4 and C5.

scholarly journals Testing aerosol properties in MODIS (MOD04/MYD04) Collection 4 and 5 using airborne sunphotometer observations in INTEX-B/MILAGRO

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 11753-11781 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Redemann ◽  
Q. Zhang ◽  
J. Livingston ◽  
P. Russell ◽  
Y. Shinozuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrieval Algorithm ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Transport Experiment ◽  
Satellite Sensors ◽  
Fine Mode ◽  
Shortwave Infrared ◽  
Aerosol Properties ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. The 14-channel Ames Airborne Tracking Sunphotometer (AATS) was operated on a Jetstream 31 (J31) aircraft in March 2006 during MILAGRO/INTEX-B (Megacity Initiative-Local And Global Research Observations/Phase B of the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment). We compare AATS retrievals of spectral aerosol optical depth (AOD) and related aerosol properties with corresponding spatially coincident and temporally near-coincident measurements acquired by the MODIS-Aqua and MODIS-Terra satellite sensors. These comparisons are carried out for the older MODIS Collection 4 (C4) and the new Collection 5 (C5) data set, the latter representing a reprocessing of the entire MODIS data set completed during 2006 with updated calibration and aerosol retrieval algorithm. Our analysis yields a direct, validated assessment of the differences between select MODIS C4 and C5 aerosol retrievals. Our analyses of 37 coincident observations by AATS and MODIS-Terra and 18 coincident observations between AATS and MODIS-Aqua indicate notable differences between MODIS C4 and C5 and between the two sensors. For MODIS-Terra, we find an average increase in AOD of 0.02 at 553 nm and 0.01 or less at the shortwave infrared (SWIR) wavelengths. The change from C4 to C5 results in less good agreement with the AATS derived spectral AOD, with average differences at 553 nm increasing from 0.03 to 0.05. For MODIS-Aqua, we find an average increase in AOD of 0.008 at 553 nm, but an increase of nearly 0.02 at the SWIR wavelengths. The change from C4 to C5 results in slightly less good agreement to the AATS derived visible AOD, with average differences at 553 nm increasing from 0.03 to 0.04. However, at SWIR wavelengths, the changes from C4 to C5 result in improved agreement between MODIS-Aqua and AATS, with the average differences at 2119 nm decreasing from -0.02 to -0.003. Comparing the Angstrom exponents calculated from AOD at 553 nm and 855 nm, we find an increased rms difference from AATS derived Angstrom exponents in going from C4 to C5 for MODIS-Terra, and a decrease in rms difference, hence an improvement, for the transition from C4 to C5 in MODIS-Aqua. Combining the AATS retrievals with in situ measurements of size-dependent aerosol extinction, we derive a suborbital measure of the aerosol submicron fraction (SMF) of AOD and compare it to MODIS retrievals of aerosol fine mode fraction (FMF). Our analysis shows a significant rms-difference between the MODIS-Terra FMF and suborbitally-derived SMF of 0.17 for both C4 and C5. For MODIS-Aqua, there is a slight improvement in the transition from C4 to C5, with the rms-difference from AATS dropping from 0.23 to 0.16. The differences in MODIS C4 and C5 AOD in this limited data set can be traced to changes in the reflectances input to the aerosol retrievals. An extension of the C4-C5 comparisons from the area along the J31 flight track to a larger study region between 18–23° N and 93–100° W on each of the J31 flight days supports the finding of significant differences between MODIS C4 and C5.

Pressure-controlled injection of guar gum stabilized microscale zerovalent iron for groundwater remediation

2015 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 46-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Luna ◽  
F. Gastone ◽  
T. Tosco ◽  
R. Sethi ◽  
M. Velimirovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Remediation ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Zerovalent Iron ◽  
Pressure Controlled
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