scholarly journals Detailed Quantification of the Reduction Effect of Roof Runoff by Low Impact Development Practices

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pu Zhang ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Xiaoshu Hou ◽  
Guoyuan Wei ◽  
Xiaoyue Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Return Periods ◽  
Urban Water Management ◽  
Roof Runoff ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Rain Barrels ◽  
Reduction Effect

Low impact development (LID) has been widely applied to mitigate urban rainwater problems since the 1990s. However, the effect of LID practices has seldom been evaluated in detail. In this study, the effect of individual and combined LID practices on the reduction of roof runoff are specifically quantified considering the hydrological relationship between LID at the building scale and the campus scale at Beijing Normal University (BNU). The results show that individual and combined LID practices effectively reduce roof runoff for all types of rainfall and for rainfall with return periods from 0.5 to 50 years at the building scale. Combination scenarios maintain good performance with fewer areas of composed LID. Most values for the effect of combination scenarios are between the effects of composed LID. To achieve the highest cost efficiency, low elevation greenbelts should be the first choice, and green roofs should only be selected when low elevation greenbelts and rain barrels cannot be implemented. At the campus scale, individual and combined LID practices effectively reduce the outflow from and the overflow in the campus and combination scenarios have the best reduction performance. This study provides an important reference for urban water management and LID related decision making.

The performance of LID (low impact development) practices at different locations with an urban drainage system: a case study of Longyan, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Li ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Rui Fu ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Yanyan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Rain Gardens ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Permeable Pavements ◽  
Rain Barrels

Urbanization has strongly changed the condition of the land surface and therefore rainfall runoff varies greatly. Peak flood flow and flood volumes increase with runoff volume. Low Impact Development (LID) is a sustainable concept that minimizes the effects of urbanization to maintain natural hydrological function in urban cities and has therefore gained increasing attention. This paper studies the effects of low impact development measures on the reduction of runoff generation and peak runoff at different locations in Longyan, China. The study was conducted using the SWMM model (5.1.006) with a newly developed LID module. In this study, the LID module, which includes rain gardens, green roofs, permeable pavements, and rain barrels, was used to simulate different layout scenarios and different rainfall patterns. The results show that the performance of a certain LID is similar at different locations but the reduction effect on runoff and peak flow varies. Rain gardens and permeable pavements perform a similar degree of reduction under different durations, but the peak flow reduction by rain barrels and green roofs varies greatly. Further research should focus on composite LID applications in other locations, combination with the local pipe network layout, which will ensure that the implemented system will be aesthetically pleasing, economically viable, and effective for reducing runoff and peak flow.

scholarly journals Analyzing Evidence of Sustainable Urban Water Management Systems: A Review through the Lenses of Sociotechnical Transitions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blal Adem Esmail ◽  
Lina Suleiman
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Urban Water Management ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Sustainable Urban Water Management ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Transition Research

Sustainability concerns and multiple socio-environmental pressures have necessitated a shift towards Sustainable Urban Water Management (SUWM) systems. Viewing SUWM systems as sociotechnical, this paper departs from eight factors previously identified by transition research: Pressures, Context, Purposes, Actors, Instruments, Processes, Outputs, and Outcomes as a methodological framework for a structured review of 100 articles. The study seeks to analyze empirical cases of planning and implementing SUWM systems worldwide. A wide range of public actors—driven by social and environmental factors rather than by economic pressures—have initiated SUWM projects so as to locally fulfill defined social and environmental purposes. We provide evidence on the emergence of new actors, such as experts, users, and private developers, as well as on the diverse and innovative technical and societal instruments used to promote and implement SUWM systems. We also explore their contexts and institutional capacity to deal with pressures and to mobilize significant financial and human resources, which is in itself vital for the transition to SUWM. Planned or implemented SUWM outputs are divided into green (wet ponds, raingardens, and green roofs) and gray (rain barrels and porous pavements) measures. The outcomes of SUWM projects—in terms of societal and technical learning, and their institutional uptakes—are often implicit or lacking, which seemingly reduces the rate of desirable change.

Simulating rainfall runoff and assessing low impact development (LID) facilities in sponge airport

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 918-926
Author(s):  
Jing Peng ◽  
Xiang Zhong ◽  
Lei Yu ◽  
Qianqian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Return Periods ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Reduction Effect ◽  
Total Inflow

Abstract The appearance of extreme weather causes frequent airport flooding, which has a serious impact on the normal operation of an airport. In this study, three simulation scenarios are set in order to study the effect of low impact development (LID) facilities (green roof and vegetative swale) on the water depth of overflow junctions and total inflow to the study area outlet in an airport at different rainfall return periods (2 a, 5 a, 20 a and 50 a). Vegetative swale has better reduction effect on water depth of overflow junctions than has green roof. The reduction rate of vegetative swale is about 25–52% at different rainfall return periods, but the effect of green roof is not obvious. For the double peak rainstorm, the reduction effect on the water depth of overflow junctions after setting vegetative swale for the first rain peak is better than that for the second rain peak. Under the condition of 2 a, 5 a, and 20 a, the total inflow reduction rates of study area outlet after applied green roof and vegetative swale are 16.85%, 20% and 22.17% respectively, and the effect is poor (only 2.26%) at low-frequency return period (50 a). This study can provide theoretical guidance for the design of LID facilities of a sponge airport.

scholarly journals Nature Based Solutions for Sustainable Urban Storm Water Management in Global South: A Short Review

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Ahmed ◽  
Shashwat Sharma ◽  
Loc Ho ◽  
Ming Chow
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Global South ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Management ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Storm Water Management ◽  
Urban Storm

Rapid urbanization in the Global South exacerbates urban water management challenges such as urban flooding and water pollution, rendering many areas water-insecure. Our reliance on grey infrastructures to combat these water management challenges is not sustainable in the long run, due to which a better alternative must be sought. Nature-based Solution (NBS) promote ecosystem services and enhance climate resiliency along with flood control and improvement of water quality by utilizing natural elements including green spaces and water bodies within the urban environment. In the past few decades, NBS have been adapted for urban drainage in Global North and evolved by means of various terms based on geographic location, practices and applications. Some of these well-known terms include Low Impact Development (LIDs), Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS), Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) and Best Management Practices (BMPs). The transition towards a resilient and sustainable environment has been made possible through the application of NBS. Recently, countries in the Global South such as Singapore, Malaysia, Vietnam, and Thailand are trying to alter urban storm water management strategies through conversion of grey infrastructure to green infrastructure by employing various NBS techniques. The findings of this study show how NBS has influenced the Global South’s urban water management.

scholarly journals Modeling the Runoff Reduction Effect of Low Impact Development Installations in an Industrial Area, South Korea

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungho Kim ◽  
Jungho Lee ◽  
Yangho Song ◽  
Heechan Han ◽  
Jingul Joo
Keyword(s):  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Storm Water Runoff ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
Rain Barrels ◽  
Reduction Effect

Low-impact development (LID) methods are an important approach to storm-water mitigation. Modeling the effects of these installations using rainfall-runoff simulations can provide useful data for future design and implementation. In this study, we used the Storm Water Management Model to assess seven types of LID installations (vegetated areas, garden pots, tree filter boxes, permeable pavement, infiltration ditches, rain barrels, and infiltration blocks) at a South Korean industrial site. Using both short- and long-term simulation periods and distinct sub-basins within the study site, we were able to assess LID performance at the combined watershed, as well as at one LID facility. All LID types showed reasonable performance for storm-water runoff reduction, though rain barrels were the least effective. The effect of rainfall runoff reduction on LID facilities is changed according to rainfall depth (annual precipitation, monthly rainfall), the ratio of drainage area and facility capacity. We concluded that SWMM-LID modeling can effectively support the management of LID installations by providing additional design and planning data to better mitigate the effects of storm-water runoff.

ANALYTICS FOR SUPPORTING URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 875-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Candelieri ◽  
Francesco Archetti ◽  
Enza Messina
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Management

Urban Water Resources Toolbox - Integrating Groundwater into Urban Water Management

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (0) ◽  
pp. 9781780402437-9781780402437 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Wolf ◽  
B. Morris ◽  
S. Burn
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Management

Coping with uncertainties in integrated urban water management

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
Govert D. Geldof
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Management ◽  
Integrated Water Management ◽  
Good Design ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Simulation Results

In the practice of integrated water management we meet complexity, subjectivity and uncertainties. Uncertainties come into play when new urban water management techniques are applied. The art of a good design is not to reduce uncertainties as much as possible, but to find the middle course between cowardice and recklessness. This golden mean represents bravery. An interdisciplinary approach is needed to reach consensus. Calculating uncertainties by using Monte Carlo simulation results may be helpful.

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