scholarly journals The Effect of Salinity on the Growth of Lavender Species

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 618
Author(s):  
Angeliki T. Paraskevopoulou ◽  
Anna Kontodaimon Karantzi ◽  
Georgios Liakopoulos ◽  
Paraskevi A. Londra ◽  
Konstantinos Bertsouklis
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Saline Water Irrigation ◽  
Lavandula Stoechas ◽  
Stem Necrosis ◽  
Nursery Crops ◽  
Alternative Water

Long term degradation of water quality from natural resources has led to the use of alternative water resources for irrigation that are saline. Saline water irrigation in floriculture for the production of nursery crops requires an understanding of plant response. The pot growth of four lavender species (Lavandula angustifolia, Lavandula dentata var. dentata, Lavandula dentata var. candicans and Lavandula stoechas) irrigated with water containing different concentrations of NaCl (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mM) was investigated under greenhouse conditions. Overall results of different plant growth variables were consistent, showing a significant decrease at 100 and 200 mM NaCl. All lavender species showed signs of salinity stress that included chlorosis, followed by leaf and stem necrosis at NaCl concentrations greater than 50 mM. L. dentata var. dentata showed the greatest plant growth followed in descending order by L. dentata var. candicans, L. stoechas and L. angustifolia. Despite greater growth of L. dentata var. dentata, the appearance of L. dentata var. candicans was “healthier”. In areas with saline irrigation water, L. dentata var. dentata and L. dentata var. candicans are proposed for the production of lavender nursery crops.

scholarly journals SPECIFIC ION SELECTIVITY OF `FORMOSA' AZALEA IRRIGATED WITH SALINE WATER SOURCES

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 862f-862
Author(s):  
E.W. Bush ◽  
J.T. Payne
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Ion Selectivity ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality ◽  
Tissue Calcium ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium

Container-grown `Formosa' azalea plants were affected by irrigation water quality. Sodium (200 ppm), supplied by NaHCO3 and NaCl, inhibited plant growth and diminished plant quality. Observable symptoms were tip-burn, marginal necrosis, leaf curling, and eventual defoliation. There was a negative relationship between leaf tissue calcium and magnesium and higher rates of sodium from NaHCO3. Leaf tissue Cl levels were higher in the higher NaCl treatments. Sodium treatments inhibited root growth. Plants in NaHCO3 treatments accumulated more Na than did plants in NaCl treatments. Media pH and sodium levels following 12 months of sodic irrigation far exceeded acceptable levels for producing marketable container-grown `Formosa' azalea plants.

scholarly journals The Clogging Rules of Ceramic Emitter in Irrigation Using Saline Water with Different EC

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 436
Author(s):  
Huifang Chen ◽  
Yanfang Liu ◽  
Junying Chen ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Yaohui Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Saline Water Irrigation ◽  
Discharge Ratio ◽  
Main Component

Infiltration irrigation with saline water is a more effective method than drip irrigation to alleviate water scarcity worldwide, but so far, no report has discussed the clogging rules of ceramic emitters, a major component of infiltration irrigation system. To explore the clogging mechanism of ceramic emitter in saline water infiltration irrigation system, we used four kinds of saline water sources with electrical conductivity (EC) of 0.18, 1.74, 3.78, and 7.74 ds/m, respectively. In addition, we specifically investigated the law of discharge ratio variation (Dra) of ceramic emitters, as well as the composition and growth process of clogging substance. The results indicated that the Dra of ceramic emitters decreased in the process of saline water irrigation, and the higher the EC, the more obvious the decrease. The calcium carbonate (CaCO3) was the main component of the clogging substance in the inner wall of ceramic emitters. The clogging part was a layer on the inner wall of the emitters rather than the pores in the walls, and the clogging did not occur suddenly. Instead, it was caused by the long–term accumulation of the clogging substance. Moreover, with the increase of EC, the flocculation between the clogging particles in the water was enhanced and thus promoted the formation of stable and compact aggregates, which fundamentally led to the clogging acceleration of ceramic emitters. This clogging mechanism of ceramic emitters can provide some theoretical reference for the establishment of anti-clogging strategy.

scholarly journals Sustaining Yield of Winter Wheat under Alternate Irrigation Using Saline Water at Different Growth Stages: A Case Study in the North China Plain

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar Soothar ◽  
Wenying Zhang ◽  
Binhui Liu ◽  
Moussa Tankari ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Saline Water Irrigation ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Brackish water used for irrigation can restrict crop growth and lead to environmental problems. The alternate irrigation with saline water at different growth stages is still not well understood. Therefore, field trials were conducted during 2015–2018 in the NCP to investigate whether alternate irrigation is practicable for winter wheat production. The treatments comprised rain-fed cultivation (NI), fresh and saline water irrigation (FS), saline and fresh water irrigation (SF), saline water irrigation (SS) and fresh water irrigation (FF). The results showed that the grain yield was increased by 20% under SF and FS treatments compared to NI, while a minor decrease of 2% in grain yield was observed compared with FF treatment. The increased soil salinity and risk of long-term salt accumulation in the soil due to alternate irrigation during peak dry periods was insignificant due to leaching of salts from crop root zone during monsoon season. Although Na+ concentration in the leaves increased with saline irrigation, resulting in significantly lower K+:Na+ ratio in the leaves, the Na+ and K+ concentrations in the roots and grains were not affected. In conclusion, the alternate irrigation for winter wheat is a most promising option to harvest more yield and save fresh water resources.

scholarly journals Soil Respiration Response to Long-Term Freezing Saline Water Irrigation with Plastic Mulching in Coastal Saline Plain

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoguang Li ◽  
Kai Guo ◽  
Xiaohui Feng ◽  
Haiman Liu ◽  
Xiaojing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Saline Water Irrigation ◽  
Plastic Mulching

Irrigating perennial pasture with saline water: effects on soil chemistry, pasture production and composition

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Salinity Levels

In response to a local survey that revealed that many farmers in the Goulburn Valley region of Victoria did not adhere to recommendations for safely applying saline irrigation water to perennial pasture, an experiment was conducted at Tatura. Six irrigation water quality treatments, which differed in the timing of the application of saline water, were applied to perennial pasture plots over 4 irrigation seasons. Measurements made included soil EC1:5, soil SAR1:5, soil ESP, pasture dry matter production and composition, dry matter digestibility, tissue ion concentrations and mineral ash content. After 4 seasons, in which the winter rainfall for each season was significantly lower than the long-term average, soil sodicity and salinity levels appeared to reach steady values. Plots irrigated with non-saline water (0.1 dS/m, treatment 1) performed the best in terms of lower soil salinity and sodicity levels and higher dry matter production and pasture quality levels. However, for most of these measurements and for most seasons, there were no significant differences between the control plots and those irrigated with water at 1.2 dS/m (treatment 2). Soil EC1:5 and SAR1:5 levels were highest, and dry matter production and dry matter digestibility levels the lowest (particularly for the clover component), in plots irrigated with water at 2.4 dS/m throughout the season (treatment 6). There were no significant differences in soil characteristics or biomass production between the remaining 3 treatments (treatments 3, 4 and 5) or between treatment 2. These treatments had the same amount of salt applied throughout the season but differed in the pattern of salt application — whether it occurred at the beginning or end of the season, or was alternated with fresh water throughout the season. This study confirmed that in the long term, there is a reduction in the yield of perennial pastures when saline irrigation water at levels greater than 0.8–1.2 dS/m is used on the red-brown earths of the Shepparton Irrigation Region. However, the soil and pasture were more sensitive to the total amount of salt applied rather than to the pattern of salt application throughout the season. It was concluded that farmers should monitor the salinity levels of their irrigation water to avoid a build up of Na+ and Cl– in the soil profile and consequent long-term reductions in herbage production and quality.

scholarly journals Simulation of Saline Water Irrigation for Seed Maize in Arid Northwest China Based on SWAP Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengfu Yuan ◽  
Shaoyuan Feng ◽  
Zailin Huo ◽  
Quanyi Ji
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Salt Transport ◽  
Saline Water Irrigation ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Swap Model

Water resource shortages restrict the economic and societal development of China’s arid northwest. Drawing on groundwater resources for irrigation, field experiments growing seed maize (Zea mays L.) were conducted in 2013 and 2014 in the region’s Shiyang River Basin. The Soil–Water–Atmosphere–Plant (SWAP) model simulated soil water content, salinity, and water–salt transport, along with seed maize yield, in close agreement with measured values after calibration and validation. The model could accordingly serve to simulate different saline water irrigation scenarios for maize production in the study area. Waters with a salinity exceeding 6.0 mg/cm3 were not suitable for irrigation, whereas those between 3.0 and 5.0 mg/cm3 could be acceptable over a short period of time. Brackish water (0.71–2.0 mg/cm3) could be used with few restrictions. Long-term (five years) simulation of irrigation with saline water (3.0–5.0 mg/cm3) showed soil salinity to increase by over 9.5 mg/cm3 compared to initial levels, while seed maize yield declined by 25.0% compared with irrigation with brackish water (0.71 mg/cm3). An irrigation water salinity of 3.0–5.0 mg/cm3 was, therefore, not suitable for long-term irrigation in the study area. This study addressed significance issues related to saline water irrigation and serves as a guide for future agricultural production practices.

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