scholarly journals Wastewater Treatment by Novel Polyamide/Polyethylenimine Nanofibers with Immobilized Laccase

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 588
Author(s):  
Milena Maryšková ◽  
Markéta Schaabová ◽  
Hana Tománková ◽  
Vít Novotný ◽  
Miroslava Rysová
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Fast Method ◽  
Amino Groups ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Real Wastewater ◽  
Degradation Ability

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals are highly resistant organic compounds, commonly occurring in the aquatic environment, that can interfere with the endocrine system of animals and humans, causing serious chronic diseases. In recent decades, enzymes from oxidoreductases have been studied for their potential to degrade these compounds effectively. In order to use such enzymes repeatedly, it is necessary to ensure their insolubility in water, a method termed enzyme immobilization. We developed novel polyamide/polyethylenimine (PA/PEI) nanofibers as a promising support material for the immobilization of various biomolecules. Our nanofibers are highly suitable due to a unique combination of mechanical endurance provided by polyamide 6 and their affinity toward biomolecules, ensured by numerous PEI amino groups. Enzyme laccase was successfully immobilized onto PA/PEI nanofibers using a simple and fast method, providing exceptional activity and stability of the attached enzyme. We then tested the degradation ability of the PA/PEI-laccase samples on a highly concentrated mixture of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in real wastewater with adjusted pH. The results indicate that the samples were a suitable material for wastewater treatment by degrading a highly concentrated mixture of bisphenol A, 17α-ethinylestradiol, triclosan, and diclofenac, in real wastewater effluent.

scholarly journals Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals: Current Understanding, New Testing Strategies and Future Research Needs

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 933
Author(s):  
Maria E. Street ◽  
Karine Audouze ◽  
Juliette Legler ◽  
Hideko Sone ◽  
Paola Palanza
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Developmental Origins ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Important Class ◽  
Testing Strategies ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Health And Disease

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous chemicals which can disrupt any action of the endocrine system, and are an important class of substances which play a role in the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) [...]

scholarly journals Endocrine System and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals(EDCs).

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
R. Yoshiyuki Osamura ◽  
Toshiki Iwasaka ◽  
Shinobu Umemura
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting

scholarly journals Epigenetic modifications associated with in utero exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals BPA, DDT and Pb

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinonye Doris Onuzulu ◽  
Oluwakemi Anuoluwapo Rotimi ◽  
Solomon Oladapo Rotimi
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Disruptors ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Environmental Chemicals ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Epigenetic Alterations ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Hormone System ◽  
Developmental Windows

Abstract Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are xenobiotics which adversely modify the hormone system. The endocrine system is most vulnerable to assaults by endocrine disruptors during the prenatal and early development window, and effects may persist into adulthood and across generations. The prenatal stage is a period of vulnerability to environmental chemicals because the epigenome is usually reprogrammed during this period. Bisphenol A (BPA), lead (Pb), and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) were chosen for critical review because they have become serious public health concerns globally, especially in Africa where they are widely used without any regulation. In this review, we introduce EDCs and describe the various modes of action of EDCs and the importance of the prenatal and developmental windows to EDC exposure. We give a brief overview of epigenetics and describe the various epigenetic mechanisms: DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs, and how each of them affects gene expression. We then summarize findings from previous studies on the effects of prenatal exposure to the endocrine disruptors BPA, Pb and DDT on each of the previously described epigenetic mechanisms. We also discuss how the epigenetic alterations caused by these EDCs may be related to disease processes.

Effect of wastewater chlorination on endocrine disruptor removal

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1551-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Noutsopoulos ◽  
D. Mamais ◽  
V. Samaras ◽  
T. Bouras ◽  
M. Marneri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Toxic Metabolites ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Water Courses ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are compounds of mainly anthropogenic origin that interfere with the endocrine system of animals and humans thus causing a series of disorders. Wastewater treatment plants are one of the major routes for transporting such chemicals to the water courses. In the context of this study, several chlorination batch tests were performed in order to assess the effectiveness of chlorination to remove bisphenol A (BPA), triclosan (TCS), nonylphenol (NP) and its ethoxylates (NP1EO and NP2EO) from secondary effluent. According to the results, an appreciable removal of NP, BPA and TCS to the order of 60–84% was observed as an effect of moderate chlorination doses. This was not the case for NP1EO and NP2EO as even at high chlorine doses, removal efficiencies were lower (37% for NP1EO and 52% for NP2EO). Removal efficiencies of NP, BPA and TCS are practically independent of contact time, although this was not the case for NP1EO and NP2EO. Based on toxicity experiments, it is anticipated that following chlorination of the target chemicals, production of more toxic metabolites is taking place. Therefore the effectiveness of chlorination to remove EDCs is questionable and more research is needed to guarantee safe wastewater reuse.

Interactions of endocrine-disrupting chemicals with stress responses in wildlife

2003 ◽  
Vol 75 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 2321-2333 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Pottinger
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Environmental Contaminants ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Corticosteroid Response

The extent to which nonreproductive aspects of the endocrine system are affected by environmental contaminants is to a large extent unknown. However, an emerging body of data demonstrates that the neuroendocrine stress response is a sensitive target for disruption by a range of environmental contaminants, at a number of discrete loci. Several mechanisms are responsible for generating and sustaining the corticosteroid response to a stressor, including synthesis of the steroid, negative feedback at the pituitary and hypothalamus, and clearance via metabolism and conjugation in peripheral tissues and the liver. Laboratory and field studies provide evidence that these elements of the stress response are susceptible to interference by EAS. The functional significance to the individual of interference with this important adaptive mechanism remains to be established.

scholarly journals Combined Effects of Different Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) on Prostate Gland

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9772
Author(s):  
Maria De Falco ◽  
Vincenza Laforgia
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Simultaneous Exposure ◽  
Normal Prostate ◽  
Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Prostate Diseases

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) belong to a heterogeneous class of environmental pollutants widely diffused in different aquatic and terrestrial habitats. This implies that humans and animals are continuously exposed to EDCs from different matrices and sources. Moreover, pollution derived from anthropic and industrial activities leads to combined exposure to substances with multiple mechanisms of action on the endocrine system and correlated cell and tissue targets. For this reason, specific organs, such as the prostate gland, which physiologically are under the control of hormones like androgens and estrogens, are particularly sensitive to EDC stimulation. It is now well known that an imbalance in hormonal regulation can cause the onset of various prostate diseases, from benign prostate hyperplasia to prostate cancer. In this review, starting with the description of normal prostate gland anatomy and embryology, we summarize recent studies reporting on how the multiple and simultaneous exposure to estrogenic and anti-androgenic compounds belonging to EDCs are responsible for an increase in prostate disease incidence in the human population.

scholarly journals Transcriptomics and Other Omics Approaches to Investigate Effects of Xenobiotics on the Placenta

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl S. Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Environmental Toxicants ◽  
Bisphenol S ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Placental Function ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Pharmaceutical Agents

The conceptus is most vulnerable to developmental perturbation during its early stages when the events that create functional organ systems are being launched. As the placenta is in direct contact with maternal tissues, it readily encounters any xenobiotics in her bloodstream. Besides serving as a conduit for solutes and waste, the placenta possesses a tightly regulated endocrine system that is, of itself, vulnerable to pharmaceutical agents, endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and other environmental toxicants. To determine whether extrinsic factors affect placental function, transcriptomics and other omics approaches have become more widely used. In casting a wide net with such approaches, they have provided mechanistic insights into placental physiological and pathological responses and how placental responses may impact the fetus, especially the developing brain through the placenta-brain axis. This review will discuss how such omics technologies have been utilized to understand effects of EDCs, including the widely prevalent plasticizers bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), and phthalates, other environmental toxicants, pharmaceutical agents, maternal smoking, and air pollution on placental gene expression, DNA methylation, and metabolomic profiles. It is also increasingly becoming clear that miRNA (miR) are important epigenetic regulators of placental function. Thus, the evidence to date that xenobiotics affect placental miR expression patterns will also be explored. Such omics approaches with mouse and human placenta will assuredly provide key biomarkers that may be used as barometers of exposure and can be targeted by early mitigation approaches to prevent later diseases, in particular neurobehavioral disorders, originating due to placental dysfunction.

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