scholarly journals Unveiling the Potential of Novel Macrophytes for the Treatment of Tannery Effluent in Vertical Flow Pilot Constructed Wetlands

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sobia Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Naveed ◽  
Muhammad Afzal ◽  
Mahmoud F. Seleiman ◽  
Nasser A. Al-Suhaibani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Tannery Effluent ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Leptochloa Fusca ◽  
Preferred Species ◽  
Brachiaria Mutica

The phytoremediation potential of macrophytic species has made them an inevitable component of constructed wetlands (CWs) for the treatment of industrial effluents. The macrophytes must have tolerance for the harsh conditions imposed by effluents for an effective establishment of the CW system. In this context, the basic purpose of this work was to investigate the efficacy of five indigenous emergent macrophytes (Brachiaria mutica, Canna indica, Cyperus laevigatus, Leptochloa fusca, and Typha domingensis) for the remediation of tannery effluent in vertical subsurface flow CWs. The ability of each macrophytic species to tolerate pollution load and to remove pollutants from the effluent was assessed. The effect of tannery effluent on the survival and growth of macrophytes was also studied. The treated tannery effluent samples were analyzed for electrical conductivity (EC), pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), chlorides (Cl−), sulphates (SO42−), oil and grease, and Cr levels. All of the studied macrophytes significantly decreased the pollution load of tannery effluent, and the higher nutrient content of effluent stimulated their growth without any signs of negative health effects. Leptochloa fusca and T. domingensis performed better in removing pollutants and showed higher growth rates and biomass than other tested macrophytes and can be considered preferred species for use in CWs treating tannery effluent. Brachiaria mutica showed morphologically better results than C. indica and C. laevigatus.

Endophytic bacteria enhance remediation of tannery effluent in constructed wetlands vegetated with Leptochloa fusca

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sobia Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Afzal ◽  
Muhammad Naveed ◽  
Muhammad Shahid ◽  
Zahir Ahmad Zahir
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Tannery Effluent ◽  
Leptochloa Fusca

scholarly journals A preliminary pollution appraisal of western backwater at Karachi Coastal area

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aamir Alamgir ◽  
Noor Fatima ◽  
Moazzam Ali Khan ◽  
Muttiur Rehman ◽  
Syed Shahid Shaukat
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Purification System ◽  
Heavy Pollution ◽  
Pollution Profile ◽  
Natural Purification

Abstract This study aims at preliminary analysis of pollution profile of western backwater. The site is very important from the ecological perspective. The mangrove ecosystem of the study area is of prime significance, whilst the study area is receiving heavy pollution load from Lyari River. The water samples were collected from the pre-designated locations and analyzed for physical and biochemical characteristics. The BOD and COD concentrations of the samples were extremely higher from the environmental and ecological viewpoint. The heavy inorganic and organic load is coming from the domestic and industrial effluents coming from Lyari River. Oil and grease concentrations were also extremely higher in all these sites indicating the hampering of natural purification system of water. The concentration of phenol also indicates the emptying of industrial effluent at the Lyari River outfall. The heavy influx of the nutrients in the form of nitrogen and phosphate represents the problem of eutrophication at the study area. Out of all 7 sites, L-7 was most polluted as it was closed to the Lyari River outfall. The extent of pollution is at the following order L-7 > L-5 > L-6 > L-4 > L-3 > L-2 > L-1.

Side effects of cultured bacteria addition in wastewater collection system on plant operations – a case study

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjin Liu ◽  
Giraldo Eugenio
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Odor Control ◽  
Plant Operations ◽  
Cultured Bacteria ◽  
Wastewater Collection

Cultured bacteria addition is one of the technologies used for odor control and FOG (fat, oil, and grease) removal in wastewater collection systems. This study investigated the efficiency of bacterial addition on wastewater odor control by conducting a set of full scale trials in a 60,000 cubic meter per day system for a period of two years. The objectives of this study were: (i) to identify factors that could impact wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) operations due to the effect of bacterial addition in the collection system, (ii) to estimate/understand the level of those impacts, and (iii) to present some interesting findings from the completed case study. The plant operation data before and during the bacterial addition were reviewed. The application of the cultured bacteria presented in the study was found to have significant impacts on the operation of the WWTP in terms of influent biological oxygen demand (BOD) and total suspended solids (TSS) loading, primary settling, sludge production, energy use, dissolved sulfides concentration, and methane production.

scholarly journals Ozone Application for Tofu Waste Water Treatment and Its Utilisation for Growth Medium of Microalgae Spirulina sp

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 03002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadiyanto Hadiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
First Order ◽  
Degradation Rate Constant ◽  
Nitrogen Contents ◽  
Microalgae Growth

Tofu industries produce waste water containing high organic contents and suspendid solid which is harmful if directly discharged to the environment. This waste can lead to disruption of water quality and lowering the environmental carrying capacity of waters around the tofu industries. Besides, the tofu waste water still contains high nitrogen contents which can be used for microalgae growth. This study was aimed to reduce the pollution load (chemical oxygen demand-COD) of tofue wastewater by using ozone treatments and to utilize nutrients in treated tofu waste water as medium growth of microalgae. The result showed that the reduction of COD by implementation of ozone treatment followed first order kinetic. Under variation of waste concentrations between 10-40%, the degradation rate constant was in the range of 0.00237-0.0149 min-1. The microalgae was able to grow in the tofue waste medium by the growth rate constants of 0.15-0.29 day-1. This study concluded that tofu waste was highly potent for microalgae growth.

scholarly journals Treatment performances of French constructed wetlands: results from a database collected over the last 30 years

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 1333-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Morvannou ◽  
N. Forquet ◽  
S. Michel ◽  
S. Troesch ◽  
P. Molle
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Small Communities ◽  
Technical Department ◽  
In Series ◽  
High Chemical Oxygen Demand

Approximately 3,500 constructed wetlands (CWs) provide raw wastewater treatment in France for small communities (<5,000 people equivalent). Built during the past 30 years, most consist of two vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) in series (stages). Many configurations exist, with systems associated with horizontal flow filters or waste stabilization ponds, vertical flow with recirculation, partially saturated systems, etc. A database analyzed 10 years earlier on the classical French system summarized the global performances data. This paper provides a similar analysis of performance data from 415 full-scale two-stage VFCWs from an improved database expanded by monitoring data available from Irstea and the French technical department. Trends presented in the first study are confirmed, exhibiting high chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS) and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) removal rates (87%, 93% and 84%, respectively). Typical concentrations at the second-stage outlet are 74 mgCOD L−1, 17 mgTSS L−1 and 11 mgTKN L−1. Pollutant removal performances are summarized in relation to the loads applied at the first treatment stage. While COD and TSS removal rates remain stable over the range of applied loads, the spreading of TKN removal rates increases as applied loads increase.

scholarly journals Application of Electrocoagulation Process for Dairy Wastewater Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edris Bazrafshan ◽  
Hossein Moein ◽  
Ferdos Kord Mostafapour ◽  
Shima Nakhaie
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Reliable Technique ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process ◽  
Aluminum Electrodes ◽  
Industry Wastewater

Dairy industry wastewater is characterized by high biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and other pollution load. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the operating parameters such as applied voltage, number of electrodes, and reaction time on a real dairy wastewater in the electrocoagulation process. For this purpose, aluminum electrodes were used in the presence of potassium chloride as electrolytes. It has been shown that the removal efficiency of COD, BOD5, and TSS increased with increasing the applied voltage and the reaction time. The results indicate that electrocoagulation is efficient and able to achieve 98.84% COD removal, 97.95% BOD5removal, 97.75% TSS removal, and >99.9% bacterial indicators at 60 V during 60 min. The experiments demonstrated the effectiveness of electrocoagulation techniques for the treatment of dairy wastewaters. Finally, the results demonstrated the technical feasibility of electrocoagulation process using aluminum electrodes as a reliable technique for removal of pollutants from dairy wastewaters.

scholarly journals Proximate composition of para-grass (Brachiaria mutica) produced in integrated fish-fodder culture system

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
MR Alam ◽  
MM Haque ◽  
KR Sumi ◽  
MM Ali
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Virgin Soil ◽  
Crude Lipid ◽  
Pond Sediment ◽  
Grass Growth ◽  
Stimulating Factor ◽  
Brachiaria Mutica

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of Pangasius pond sediment on the nutrient uptake by para-grass (Brachiaria mutica) during the period from March to October, 2011 in a Pangasius farm, Dhanikhola, Trishal, Mymensingh. Initially soil chemistry of Pangasius pond sediment and para-grass producing virgin soil was analyzed at the laboratory. The fodder was cultivated at various level of inorganic fertilizer with Pangasius pond sediment having three replications in each treatment. The size of each replication was 25 m2 (5m×5m). The fodder was harvested at the pre-flowering stage (45 days after transplantation). After first cutting, experimental plot was irrigated, and again after 45 days of first cutting second cutting was done. After proper collection and preparation the para-grass samples and rice straw, their proximate composition analysis was done. The nutrient content of para-grass was also compared with rice-straw being used as dairy feed. The analytical results indicated that the nutrients content of Pangasius pond sediment was higher than the virgin soil which was the stimulating factor for para-grass growth and production. The basic nutrients such as crude lipid and protein content of para-grass were found increasing from first to second sampling. However, crude lipid and protein of para-grass at second sampling was found much higher than those of rice straw. Application of Pangasius pond sediment as alternative source of fertilizer enriched nutrient content of para-grass much higher than those of rice straw. Therefore, it could be argued that higher level of lipid and protein content of para-grass is the stimulating factor to dairy cattle production under integrated aquaculture–fodder grass production using Pangasius pond sediment.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2015. 44(2): 113-119

scholarly journals Using one filter stage of unsaturated/saturated vertical flow filters for nitrogen removal and footprint reduction of constructed wetlands

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ania Morvannou ◽  
Stéphane Troesch ◽  
Dirk Esser ◽  
Nicolas Forquet ◽  
Alain Petitjean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Saturated Layer ◽  
Recirculation Rate ◽  
Total Filtration ◽  
Filtration Area ◽  
Stage System

French vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCW) treating raw wastewater have been developed successfully over the last 30 years. Nevertheless, the two-stage VFCWs require a total filtration area of 2–2.5 m2/P.E. Therefore, implementing a one-stage system in which treatment performances reach standard requirements is of interest. Biho-Filter® is one of the solutions developed in France by Epur Nature. Biho-Filter® is a vertical flow system with an unsaturated layer at the top and a saturated layer at the bottom. The aim of this study was to assess this new configuration and to optimize its design and operating conditions. The hydraulic functioning and pollutant removal efficiency of three different Biho-Filter® plants commissioned between 2011 and 2012 were studied. Outlet concentrations of the most efficient Biho-Filter® configuration are 70 mg/L, 15 mg/L, 15 mg/L and 25 mg/L for chemical oxygen demand (COD), 5-day biological oxygen demand (BOD5), total suspended solids (TSS) and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), respectively. Up to 60% of total nitrogen is removed. Nitrification efficiency is mainly influenced by the height of the unsaturated zone and the recirculation rate. The optimum recirculation rate was found to be 100%. Denitrification in the saturated zone works at best with an influent COD/NO3-N ratio at the inflet of this zone larger than 2 and a hydraulic retention time longer than 0.75 days.

scholarly journals Artificial floating islands for water quality improvement

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueya Chang ◽  
He Cui ◽  
Minsheng Huang ◽  
Yan He
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Water Quality Improvement ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Wetland Treatment ◽  
Improve Water Quality

Artificial floating islands (AFIs) are a variation of wetland treatment systems for water quality improvement. This paper provides a review concerning AFIs in terms of their development, classification, and applications in the removal of nutrients, heavy metals, and chemical oxygen demand on waterways. The role of microorganisms, aquatic plants, and aquatic animals in AFIs for water decontamination and purification was also discussed. Additionally, some key factors influencing the AFIs’ performances were discussed and comparisons between AFIs and constructed wetlands were reviewed. Finally, further perspectives of artificial floating islands were identified to possibly improve their performances. The understanding of the mechanisms in AFIs that drive removal of various contaminants to improve water quality is crucial, and is also highlighted in this paper.

scholarly journals SEASONAL VARIATIONS OF THE ZAPADNA MORAVA RIVER WATER QUALITY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nebojša Đ. Pantelic ◽  
◽  
Jana S. Štrbacki ◽  
Goran Markovic ◽  
Jelena B. Popovic-Đorđevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Ammonium Ion ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Chemical Status ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Morava River

The water samples collected from four localities of the middle course of the Zapadna Morava River during 2020 were analyzed via the selected physico-chemical parameters with the aim to estimate the quality of surface water. According to the results of selected physico-chemical parameters (pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand), analyzed surface water show a good chemical status, while the values of nutrient content (nitrate, nitrite, ammonium ion, total phosphorus) indicated the poor chemical status especially at the locality 4 probably due to the outflow of wastewater from the city of Čačak as well as from the influence of the polluted water of the Čemernica River.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document