scholarly journals Application of Remote Sensing Methods to Study the Relief of Lowland River Valleys with a Complex Geological Structure—A Case Study of the Bug River

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Ostrowski ◽  
Tomasz Falkowski
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Lowland River ◽  
Central European ◽  
Multispectral Satellite Images ◽  
Complex Geological Structure ◽  
River Valleys ◽  
Remote Sensing Methods

River valleys of the Central European Lowlands are the zones of the highest dynamics of morphogenic processes. In the case of areas affected by glacial processes, despite their lowland nature, often they also have a complex geological structure. Sub-alluvial bedrock, composed of erosion-resistant deposits, commonly forms morphological protrusions within them. Their presence significantly affects both the course of flood flows and the valley floor relief. Effective forecasting of fluvial processes in such valley reaches requires conducting research within the entire geomorphologically active zone, both in the channel and the floodplain. The effectiveness of such research should be enhanced by simultaneous use of several different remote sensing methods, including short-range remote sensing. The verification of this hypothesis was the aim of the presented works. Such methods were used in the study of morphodynamics of a Bug valley reach. This area is characterized by a complex geological structure. High-resolution multispectral satellite images (VHRs) and a digital elevation model (DEM) based on aerial laser scanning (ALS) were used to examine the terrain relief. The morphology of the river channel itself was determined based on a series of bathymetric measurements made by a research team. Due to induced climate change and increasing maximum flow values, it can be assumed that the effect of a geological structure in the Central European Lowlands will play an increasing role. The threat and losses associated with floods will also increase. Rational flood prevention requires improvement of remote sensing research methods in lowland river valleys, especially those with complex geological structures. The valley reach presented in this article is an example of such a landform.

scholarly journals Remote sensing of Carpathian flysch landslides with the use of terrestrial laser scanner

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 01019
Author(s):  
Janusz P. Kogut ◽  
Ievgen Tymoshenko
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Slope Stability ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanner ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Carpathian Flysch

Terrestrial laser scanning helps us to detect unstable subsurface behaviour, assessing the slope stability and potential landslide failure modes. If the slopes are regularly observed, the risk of slope movement and subsequent consequences may be considerably reduced. This allows for optimum land use conditions that are economically justified. Landslides in the Carpathian flysch have a peculiar susceptibility to activation due to the region’s geological structure. This work addresses the problem of monitoring and analysing the effects of landslides associated with the operation of routes (roads and railway lines) running through the slopes of the Carpathian flysch. The terrestrial laser scanner enables site remote sensing in a simple and automated manner. Regular measurements with multiple scanner positions may be used for long term slope monitoring. A detailed geological structural model allows for risk assessment with regards to failure modes, and it allows for a slope stability assessment. The model, along with the substrate parameters, introduced into the Finite Element Analysis package enables an analysis of the effects of landslide susceptibility and the displacements of the terrain surface in time, as well as due to different loading cases.

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF QUARRY SURVEYING

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivita Pukite ◽  
Vita Celmina ◽  
Dainora Jankauskiene
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Volume Calculation ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Remote Sensing Methods ◽  
Geodetic Surveying

There are several surveying methods whose practical function is to determine the areas of land, distances, heights, the amount of earthwork, and to produce reduced images of the earth's surface. The research looks at how geodetic and remote sensing methods can be used, and the results they provide in quarry surveying. The most important in quarry surveying is to get an accurate land surface for calculation of the volume of mineral resources. After quarries surveying, it is possible to calculate the amount of remaining mineral resources. Within the framework of the research, were performed surveying in quarries with geodetic surveying and remote sensing methods. For geodetic surveying was used GNSS receiver and a robotic total station, but from remote sensing methods were used aerial photography and aerial laser scanning. The most important reason why it is important to get an accurate surface and make an accurate volume calculation in quarry surveying is the economic factor. The economic analysis was carried out using a comparison method based on volume, market price and natural resources tax. The research presents the advantages and disadvantages of each surveying method and explains the results obtained, based on economic calculations. The main conclusion is that the accuracy of the preparation of land surface relief models is based mainly on economic calculations because mineral resources are a commodity that is bought and sold for which tax is payable.

scholarly journals Geomorphological immaturity as a factor conditioning the dynamics of channel processes in Rządza River

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 027-038
Author(s):  
Filip Bujakowski ◽  
Tomasz Falkowski ◽  
Anna Podlasek
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Mountain Stream ◽  
Channel Processes ◽  
Base Level ◽  
The North ◽  
Hydrological System ◽  
The Individual ◽  
River Valleys ◽  
The Impact

Abstract A major part of Poland, classified geographically as Polish Lowland, is covered by a layer of loose or cohesive sediments whose thickness increases toward the north. Numerous authors emphasize the impact of the protrusion of the erosional base level on the course of processes shaping modern river valleys. It has been demonstrated, among other things, that the culmination of the sub-alluvial, cohesive bedrock determines the manner in which the channel zone and the adjacent floodplain are formed, which is associated with the hydrological system of the river. A number (12) of geological documenting holes have been drilled to the bottom of the valley. Also, geological profiles were recorded for 34 natural outcrops. The range of the individual outcrops was determined using a geomorphological analysis based on, among other things, the data from airborne laser scanning. The main objective of the research based on geomorphological criteria was to identify the differences in valley morphology and geological structure as well as the dynamics of currently occurring fluvial processes, along with geological features influencing their development, in particular in the middle course of a river. The research allowed the distinction of three geologically and geomorphologically characteristic sections. This allowed an answer to the question: why is the river in the lowland similar to a mountain stream.

scholarly journals Finds of the fat dormouse (Glis glis) in cave-type shelters in the Middle Dnister Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (19) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Vikyrchak ◽  
◽  
Petro Ploshchansky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Geological Structure ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Annual Life Cycle ◽  
Glis Glis ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Complex Geological Structure ◽  
River Valleys ◽  
Fat Dormouse

The Middle Dnister Region (left bank and right bank of the Dnister from the mouth of the Zolota Lypa River in the northwest to the mouth of the Zbruch River in the southeast) has a complex geological structure and richness of geomorphological forms: limestone, gypsum and sandstone outcrops, travertine rocks and forms of karst origin. This determines the richness of the fauna of troglophilic species. This report presents cases of observation of the fat dormouse in cave-type shelters, both natural (karst caves, cavities in the outcrops of Albian and Cenomanian limestones and travertines) and artificial origin (abandoned basements, stone foundations, etc.). These facilities provide animals with shelters for rest and reproduction. They are usually located on hard-to-reach steep slopes in canyon-like river valleys, where the level of disturbance of animals during various phases of their daily activity and annual life cycle is minimized. An important factor in the existence of populations of the studied species is the combination between complex geomorphological objects that provide shelters and a rich forage base. This is determined by the presence of forest and other tree and shrub vegetation, which includes nut species (hazel, wild walnut trees, beech) and berry and stone species (turf, viburnum, black viburnum, cherry, thorn, barberry). The information presented here on records of the fat dormouse (Glis glis) is not the result of purposeful research but it was accumulated in the process of describing geomorphological objects. Further research using special techniques and appropriate instrumentation would allow us to expand our understanding of the ecological requirements of the fat dormouse to the conditions of existence, which would be the scientific basis for environmental management of this species. However, current data on 13 records at 11 sites also provide clarity on the use of shelters by dormice.

scholarly journals Using integrated remote sensing methods in the Nagyerdő Natura 2000 area

2014 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Éva Bozsik ◽  
Tünde Fórián ◽  
Balázs Deák ◽  
Péter Riczu ◽  
János Fehér ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Data Collecting ◽  
Collecting Methods ◽  
Remote Sensing Methods

The more widely use of GIS, remote sensing technology provides appropriate data acquisition and data processing tools to build several national and international biodiversity monitoring system of environmental protection and natur conservation. The ChangeHabitats 2 is a similar international project, which uses airborne hyperspectral and airborne laser scanning (airborne LiDAR) sources beyond traditional data collection methods to build a monitoring system of Natura 2000 habitats. The goal of our research, on one hand, was to separate the most typical species of trees which can be found in the largest coverage in the research plots of Debreceni Nagyerdő Nature Reserve from field and airborne remote sensing data, use image classification that based on spectral and geometry (height) characteristics of the trees. On the other hand our goal was to evaluate the efficient use of the integration of mobilGIS, airborne hyperspectral and airborne LiDAR data collecting methods to complement or substitut of the traditional, field data collecting methods. We used ArcGIS 10.2 and Exelis 5.0 GIS software for data evaluation, in which the mosaicing, the selection of plots and the spectral image processing were carried out.

Application of Remote Sensing in Agriculture

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Piekarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Remote Sensing Methods

AbstractWith increasing intensity of agricultural crop production increases the need to obtain information about environmental conditions in which this production takes place. Remote sensing methods, including satellite images, airborne photographs and ground-based spectral measurements can greatly simplify the monitoring of crop development and decision-making to optimize inputs on agricultural production and reduce its harmful effects on the environment. One of the earliest uses of remote sensing in agriculture is crop identification and their acreage estimation. Satellite data acquired for this purpose are necessary to ensure food security and the proper functioning of agricultural markets at national and global scales. Due to strong relationship between plant bio-physical parameters and the amount of electromagnetic radiation reflected (in certain ranges of the spectrum) from plants and then registered by sensors it is possible to predict crop yields. Other applications of remote sensing are intensively developed in the framework of so-called precision agriculture, in small spatial scales including individual fields. Data from ground-based measurements as well as from airborne or satellite images are used to develop yield and soil maps which can be used to determine the doses of irrigation and fertilization and to take decisions on the use of pesticides.

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