scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of Hydrological Responses to Climate Variability and Land-Use Change in the Hilly-Gully Region of the Loess Plateau, China

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youcai Kang ◽  
Jianen Gao ◽  
Hui Shao ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Upstream Region ◽  
The Loess Plateau

Climate and land-use change are the two main driving forces that affect watershed hydrological processes. Separately assessing their impacts on hydrology is important for land-use planning and water resource management. In this research, the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) and statistical methods were applied to evaluate the effects of climate and land-use change on surface hydrology in the hilly-gully region of the Loess Plateau. The results showed that surface runoff and soil water presented a downward tendency, while evapotranspiration (ET) presented an upward tendency in the Yanhe watershed from 1982 to 2012. Climate is one the dominant factors that influence surface runoff, especially in flooding periods. The average contribution rate of surface runoff on stream flow accounted for 55%, of which the flooding period accounted for 40%. The runoff coefficient declined by 0.21 after 2002 with the land-use change of cropland transformed to grassland and forestland. The soil water exhibited great fluctuation along the Yanhe watershed. In the upstream region, the land-use was the driving force to decline soil water, which reduced the soil water by 51%. Along the spatial distribution, it converted from land-use change to climate variability from northwest to southeast. The ET was more sensitive to land-use change than climate variability in all sub-basins, and increased by 209% with vegetation restoration. To prevent the ecosystem degradation and maintain the inherent ecological functions of rivers, quantitative assessment the influence of climate variability and land-use change on hydrology is of great importance. Such evaluations can provide insight into the extent of land use/cover change on regional water balance and develop appropriate watershed management strategies on the Loess Plateau.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal response of the water cycle to land use conversions in a typical hilly-gully basin on the Loess Plateau, China

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linjing Qiu ◽  
Yiping Wu ◽  
Lijing Wang ◽  
Xiaohui Lei ◽  
Weihong Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Lulc Changes ◽  
Sloping Land ◽  
Hydrological Effects

Abstract. The hydrological effects of the ‘Grain for Green’ project (GFGP) on the Loess Plateau have been largely debated due to the complexity of the water system and its multiple driving factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the response of the hydrological cycle to the GFGP measures based on a case study of the Yanhe basin, a typical hilly-gully area on the Loess Plateau of China. First, we analyzed the land use and land cover (LULC) changes from 1990 to 2010. Then, we evaluated the effects of LULC changes and sloping land conversion on the main hydrological components in the basin considering the land surface characteristics and climate impacts. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used for this analysis. The results indicated that farmland exhibited a decreasing trend declining from 40.2 % of the basin area in 1990 to 17.6 % in 2010, and the woodland and grassland areas correspondingly increased due to the implementation of the GFGP in the basin. Due to land use changes from 1990 to 2010, surface runoff and the water yield exhibited decreasing trends, whereas evapotranspiration (ET) increased, resulting in a persistent decrease in soil water. Additionally, converting cropland areas with slopes ≥ 15° or > 25° to grassland and woodland had negative effects on surface runoff, the water yield and soil water and a positive effect on ET. The magnitudes of the hydrological effects generated by sloping cropland to woodland conversion were greater than those for sloping cropland to grassland conversion. These results suggest that the expansive revegetation of sloping land could reduce runoff generation, particularly in woodland areas, but these effects could reduce the soil water volume in the region. Overall, this study can be used to improve sustainable land use planning and water resource management on the Loess Plateau in China.

Analysis of streamflow responses to climate variability and land use change in the Loess Plateau region of China

CATENA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Zhang ◽  
R. Karthikeyan ◽  
Zhongke Bai ◽  
R. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Plateau Region

Impact of Climate Variability and Land Use Change on Surface Hydrological Processes in the Hilly-Gully Region of the Loess Plateau, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youcai Kang ◽  
Jianen Gao ◽  
Hui Shao ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Hydrological Processes ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
The Impact

<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Climate and land-use change are the two main driving forces that affect watershed hydrological processes. Separately assessing the impacts of climate and land use change on hydrology is important for water resource management. In this research, the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) and statistical methods were employed to evaluate the effects of climate and land-use change on surface hydrology in the hilly-gully region of the Loess Plateau. The results showed that both the temperature and potential evapotranspiration (PET) had significant upward trends (p < 0.05), while the precipitation presented a slightly downward trend in the Yanhe watershed during 1982-2012. The contribution of precipitation to streamflow is concentrated in the flooding periods (from July to September), the average contribution rate of surface runoff on stream flow accounted for 55%, of which the flooding period accounted for 40%. With the 2.17% of slope farmland transformed to the forest and grassland, the average runoff coefficient decreased from 0.36 to 0.15 during 1982-2012. The impact of land use change on soil water content is mainly happened in the upstream stream, while the dominated factor converted to climate from northwest to southeast in the Yanhe watershed. The Evapotranspiration was more sensitive to land-use change than climate variability in all sub-basins, and increased by 209% with vegetation restoration in the Yanhe watershed. Therefore, the impacts of climate variation and land use change on surface hydrological processes were heterogeneity in different geographical regions, climate is the main factor to influence the runoff, while the land use is the dominated factor to evapotranspiration. The quantitative assessment the influence of climate variability and land-use change on hydrology can provide insight into the extent of land use/cover change on regional water balance, and develop appropriate watershed management strategies on the Loess Plateau.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>climate shift, human activities, hydrological processes, SWAT, the Loess Plateau</p><p><strong>Funding:</strong> This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41877078, 41371276), Key research and development project of Shaanxi Province (2020ZDLSF06-03-01), National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFC0504703) and Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. A315021615).</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal response of the water cycle to land use conversions in a typical hilly–gully basin on the Loess Plateau, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 6485-6499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linjing Qiu ◽  
Yiping Wu ◽  
Lijing Wang ◽  
Xiaohui Lei ◽  
Weihong Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Lulc Changes ◽  
Sloping Land

Abstract. The hydrological effects of the Grain for Green project (GFGP) on the Loess Plateau have been extensively debated due to the complexity of the water system and its multiple driving factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the response of the hydrological cycle to the GFGP measures based in a case study of the Yanhe Basin, a typical hilly–gully area on the Loess Plateau of China. First, we analyzed the land use and land cover (LULC) changes from 1990 to 2010. Then, we evaluated the effects of LULC changes and sloping land conversion on the main hydrological components in the basin using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The results indicated that cropland exhibited a decreasing trend, declining from 40.2 % of the basin area in 1990 to 17.6 % in 2010, and that the woodland and grassland areas correspondingly increased. With the land use changes from 1990 to 2010, the water yield showed a decreasing trend which was mainly due to decrease in surface runoff. In contrast, evapotranspiration (ET) showed an increasing trend over the same period, resulting in a persistent decrease in soil water. The conversion of sloping cropland to grassland or woodland exerted negative effects on water yield and soil water. Compared with the land use condition in 2010, the negative effects were most evident where cropland with a slope  ≥  15° was converted to woodland, with decreases in surface runoff and soil water of 17.1 and 6.4 %, respectively. These results suggest that the expansive reforestation on sloping land in the loess hilly–gully region decreased water yield and increased ET, resulting in reduced soil water. The results of this study can be used to support sustainable land use planning and water resource management on the Loess Plateau in China.

scholarly journals Hydrologic Responses to Climate Variability and Human Activities in Lake Ziway Basin, Ethiopia

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulugeta Musie ◽  
Sumit Sen ◽  
Indrajeet Chaubey
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Monthly Streamflow ◽  
Annual Water ◽  
Hydrologic Responses

Hydrological impacts of human activities and climate variability on Ketar and Meki watersheds of Lake Ziway basin, Ethiopia were studied using the soil and water assessment tool. Three land-use change and two climate variability scenarios were considered to analyze the separate and combined impacts on annual water balance, monthly streamflow, and spatial distributions of evapotranspiration and water yield. The evaluation showed that changes in land use resulted in an increase in annual surface runoff and water yield for Ketar watershed and an increase in annual ET for Meki. Similarly, the climate variability resulted in a decrease in annual ET, surface runoff, and water yield for Ketar watershed and a decrease in ET for Meki. Overall, climate variability has greater impacts on the monthly streamflow compared to land-use change impacts. Similarly, greater sensitivity in hydrologic response was observed for Ketar watershed compared to Meki watershed.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Impacts of Coal Mining and Soil-Water Conservation on Runoff in a Typical Watershed on the Loess Plateau, China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3229
Author(s):  
Binbin Lin ◽  
Yicheng Wang ◽  
Hejia Wang ◽  
Weihua Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Runoff Decrease ◽  
The Impact

Coal mining and soil-water conservation are the two major human interventions on the Loess Plateau in China. Analyzing their impacts on hydrological processes is of great significance for sustainable water resource management. Using hydrological simulation (Soil and Water Assessment Tool, SWAT) and a data-driven method (double mass curve, DMC), the contributions of these two human activities and climate change to the runoff decrease were analyzed in the upper Fenhe River. The runoff in the three affected periods (1967–1987, 1988–1994, and 1995–2017) decreased by 7.5%, 28.2%, and 24.1%, respectively, compared with the base period (1957–1966). In the first affected period (1967–1987), the amount of coal mining activities was small, human activities had little impact on runoff. In the second (1988–1994) and third (1995–2017) periods, as the coal mining and soil-water conservation intensified, their contributions to the runoff decrease rapidly increased. Due to the uncertainties in the model structure and parameters, in addition to the impact of the data accuracy, the results obtained from the two methods were different, but the proportions and the trends of the contribution rates in the different periods were consistent.

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