scholarly journals Biogas Generation from Sonicated Excess Sludge

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Zawieja ◽  
Renata Włodarczyk ◽  
Mariusz Kowalczyk
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Ultrasonic Field ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
Methane Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Yield Value

The article presents an analysis of the possibilities of biogas production in the process of methane fermentation of sonicated excess sludge. The greater the percentage of methane in biogas, the higher its calorific value. In order to increase the intensity of biogas production containing approximately 70% of methane, sewage sludge is disintegrated. In particular, excess sludge formed as a result of advanced wastewater treatment by the activated sludge method shows low biodegradability. The study aim was to examine the effect of the ultrasonic field disintegration of excess sludge on biogas production. As a result of subjecting the sludge to disintegration by ultrasonic field, there was an increase in the digestion degree of sewage sludge. In the methane fermentation process of modified sludge, an increase of the biogas yield was noted, which confirmed the supportive action of ultrasonic field on the excess sludge biodegradation. In the case of disintegration of excess sludge by ultrasonic field, for the ultrasonic field intensity value of 4.3 W cm−2 and a sonication time equal to 300 s, the highest values of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), total organic carbon (TOC), and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) concentrations were obtained. In the process of conventional methane fermentation, biogas yield value was 0.303 L g VSS−1, while in the process of methane fermentation of sonicated excess sludge, the value 0.645 L g VSS−1.

Effect of Ultrasonic Pretreatment for the Anaerobic Digestion of Sewage Sludge

2012 ◽  
Vol 531 ◽  
pp. 528-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Wei
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Ultrasonic Pretreatment ◽  
Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Settling Characteristics

Anaerobic digestion is an economic and environmentally friendly technology for treating the biomass material-sewage sludge, but has some limitations, such as the low efficient biogass production. In this paper ultrasound was proposed as pre-treatment for effective sludge anaerobic digestion. Sludge anaerobic digestion experiments with ultrasonic pretreatment was investigated. It can be seen that this treatment effectively leaded to the increase of soluble chemical oxygen demand(SCOD) and volatile fatty acids(VFA)concentration. High concentration of VFA leaded to a increase in biogas production. Besides, the SV of sludge was reduced and the settling characteristics of sludge was improved after ultrasonic pretreatment. It can be concluded that sludge anaerobic digestion with ultrasonic pretreatment is an effective method for biomass material transformation.

Anaerobic digestion of deproteinated cheese whey

1985 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes De Haast ◽  
Trevor J. Britz ◽  
Johannes C. Novello ◽  
Emilige W. Verwey
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Level ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Ammonia Toxicity ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Titration Curves

SUMMARYWhey and deproteinated whey preparations with different carbon: nitrogen (C/N) ratios ranging from 7·5 to 73 were digested anaerobically in a downflow stationary fixed-bed reactor at 35 °C with a hydraulic retention time of 5 d. Effluent and biogas parameters indicated that no decrease in digestion and stability occurred at the highest C/N ratio. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal averaged 88%, while volatile fatty acids were maintained at a low level (< 500 mg l–1). Biogas yield averaged 0·423 m3kg–1COD and the methane content of the biogas varied between 57 and 63%. Ammonia toxicity occurred at a C/N ratio of 7/5 in the substrate feed. Virtually no ammonia N was detected in the effluent when whey substrates with C/N ratios of 50 and 73 were fed. Titration curves showed that buffer intensities in the effluent were not affected by a decrease in ammonia level. A decrease in the biomass content of the effluent which occurred as a result of the increase in C/N ratio of the substrate did not cause any rate limiting effect on biogas production. The removal of protein from the whey caused a reduction in the ratio of COD: total carbon in the whey. On average 59% of the carbon in the substrate was converted to biogas.

scholarly journals Effect of Low-Temperature Conditioning of Excess Dairy Sewage Sludge with the Use of Solidified Carbon Dioxide on the Efficiency of Methane Fermentation

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Joanna Kazimierowicz ◽  
Izabela Bartkowska ◽  
Maria Walery
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Methane Fermentation ◽  
Dissolved Phase

This study aimed to determine the effect of the low-temperature conditioning of excess dairy sewage sludge using solidified carbon dioxide on the efficiency of methane fermentation. An increase in the solidified carbon dioxide to excess dairy sewage sludge volumetric ratio above 0.3 had no significant effect on chemical oxygen demand concentration in the dissolved phase. The highest chemical oxygen demand values, ranging from 490.6 ± 12.9 to 510.5 ± 28.5 mg·dm−3, were determined at solidified carbon dioxide to excess dairy sewage sludge ratio ranging from 0.3 to 0.5. The low-temperature conditioning caused ammonia nitrogen concentration to increase from 155.2 ± 10.2 to 185.9 ± 11.1 mg·dm−3 and orthophosphates concentration to increase from 198.5 ± 23.1 to 300.6 ± 35.9 mg·dm−3 in the dissolved phase. The highest unitary amount of biogas, reaching 630.2 ± 45.5 cm3·g o.d.m.−1, was produced in the variant with the solidified carbon dioxide to excess dairy sewage sludge volumetric ratio of 0.3. Methane content of the biogas produced was at 68.7 ± 1.5%. Increased solidified carbon dioxide dose did not lead to any significant changes in biogas and methane production. The efficiency of biogas production from unconditioned excess dairy sewage sludge was lower by 43.0 ± 3.2%. The analysis demonstrated that the low-temperature conditioning is an energetic viable technology aiding the methane fermentation process.

scholarly journals Biogas Production from Excess Sludge Oxidized with Peracetic Acid (PAA)

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3434
Author(s):  
Iwona Zawieja ◽  
Małgorzata Worwąg
Keyword(s):  
Peracetic Acid ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
Methane Fermentation ◽  
Sludge Digestion ◽  
Human Functioning ◽  
High Degree

Human functioning related to living and economic activity involves generating an increasing amount of sewage and sludge, which needs to be subjected to advanced processes of treatment, neutralization, and management. The deterioration in the susceptibility of excess sludge to biochemical decomposition observed under anaerobic conditions leads to the development and application of highly effective methods of wastewater treatment based on the removal of biogenic compounds using activated sludge, with a high degree of sludge thickening obtained in mechanical facilities. The concentration of volatile fatty acids, being an important intermediate product of anaerobic stabilization, directly determines biogas production efficiency. This study aimed to determine the effect of chemical disintegration with peracetic acid on biogas production efficiency using methane fermentation of pretreated sludge. Intensification of the hydrolysis phase is an important determinant of the efficiency of biochemical sludge decomposition under anaerobic conditions. The association of excess sludge oxidation, initiated by peracetic acid with biological hydrolysis, which is the first phase of methane fermentation, led to an increase in sludge digestion degree and biogas production efficiency. The compound of STERIDIAL W-10, which is an aqueous solution of 10% peracetic acid, 10% acetic acid, and 8% hydrogen peroxide, was used. The disintegration of excess sludge with a reactant dose of 3.0 mL of STERIDIAL W-10/L yielded a specific biogas production of 0.52 L/g VSS and a 74% degree of sludge digestion.

scholarly journals Effects of Hydrothermal Pretreatment and Hydrochar Addition on the Performance of Pig Carcass Anaerobic Digestion

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Xu ◽  
Hongjian Lin ◽  
Kuichuan Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Hydrothermal Pretreatment ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Stirred Tank Reactors ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Pig Carcasses

Proper disposal and utilization of dead pig carcasses are problems of public concern. The combination of hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP) and anaerobic digestion is a promising method to treat these wastes, provided that digestion inhibition is reduced. For this reason, the aim of this work was to investigate the optimal HTP temperature (140–180°C) for biogas production during anaerobic digestion of dead pigs in batch systems. In addition, the effects of hydrochar addition (6 g/L) on anaerobic digestion of pork products after HTP in continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTR) were determined. According to the results, 90% of lipids and 10% of proteins present in the pork were decomposed by HTP. In addition, the highest chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration in liquid products (LP) reached 192.6 g/L, and it was obtained after 170°C HTP. The biogas potential from the solid residue (SR) and LP was up to 478 mL/g-VS and 398 mL/g-COD, respectively. A temperature of 170°C was suitable for pork HTP, which promoted the practical biogas yield because of the synergistic effect between proteins and lipids. Ammonia inhibition was reduced by the addition of hydrochar to the CSTR during co-digestion of SR and LP, maximum ammonia concentration tolerated by methanogens increased from 2.68 to 3.38 g/L. This improved total biogas yield and degradation rate of substrates, reaching values of 28.62 and 36.06%, respectively. The acetate content in volatile fatty acids (VFA) may be used as an index that reflects the degree of methanogenesis of the system. The results of the present work may also provide guidance for the digestion of feedstock with high protein and lipid content.

scholarly journals Effect Of Alkaline Pre-Treatment On Cassava Pulp For Optimum Biogas Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 5919-5923
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Cassava Pulp ◽  
Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pre Treatment

(Being produced in vast quantity as one of by-product from cassava starch processing chains, cassava pulp has great potential for energy recovery by harnessing biogas through anaerobic digestion (AD). This study aims to enhance biogas production by comparative investigation in batch mode digestion. 5%TS w/v of cassava pulp mixed with mill effluent were pre-treated with 10 molar potassium hydroxide (KOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) solution for 6 hours contact time. Effects of different alkaline pre-treatment on cassava substrate were assessed in total dissolved solid (TDS), soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), Volatile Fatty Acids to Alkalinity ratio (VFA/TA), and reducing sugars. Daily accumulated biogas yield was taken as final indicator of the effect of different pre-treatment. KOH pre-treatment in pH 11 resulted highest dissolved solid 13.07 mg/L, and improved soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) formation up to 75.61% (480,000 mg/L) than control substrate. The experiment revealed peak biogas production by KOH pre-treated substrate was found at day 6 after digestion executed, and achieved 546 ml. The finding proves out of different pre-treatment method applicable to cassava pulp, KOH pre-treatment could realistically increase biogas yield for cassava mills. Biogas production increased up to 101%, 92%, and 70% using KOH, Ca(OH)2 and NaOH respectively. However, when future provision to the technology for AD system and design is concerned, the choice of highly reactive alkali could lead to complication in the system.

scholarly journals Chemically Enhanced Primary Sludge as an Anaerobic Co-Digestion Additive for Biogas Production from Food Waste

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaorong Kang ◽  
Yali Liu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Mechanism Analysis ◽  
Primary Sludge ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Solids Removal

In order to overcome process instability and buffer deficiency in the anaerobic digestion of mono food waste (FW), chemically enhanced primary sludge (CEPS) was selected as a co-substrate for FW treatment. In this study, batch tests were conducted to study the effects of CEPS/FW ratios on anaerobic co-digestion (coAD) performances. Both soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) and protease activity were decreased, with the CEPS/FW mass ratio increasing from 0:5 to 5:0. However, it was also found that the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) was eliminated by increasing the CEPS/FW ratio, and that corresponding VFAs concentrations decreased from 13,872.97 to 1789.98 mg chemical oxygen demand per L (mg COD/L). In addition, the maximum value of cumulative biogas yield (446.39 mL per g volatile solids removal (mL/g VSsremoval)) was observed at a CEPS/FW ratio of 4:1, and that the tendency of coenzyme F420 activity was similar to biogas production. The mechanism analysis indicated that Fe-based CEPS relived the VFAs accumulation caused by FW, and Fe(III) induced by Fe-based CEPS enhanced the activity of F420. Therefore, the addition of Fe-based CEPS provided an alternative method for FW treatment.

Investigation of Sewage Sludge Anaerobic Digestion Performance Using Peracetic Acid as a Pretreatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 138-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Wei
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Peracetic Acid ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Paper Sludge ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand

Sewage sludge is difficult to degrade in anaerobic digestion systems and pretreatments have been shown to speed up the hydrolysis stage. In this paper sludge anaerobic digestion experiments with peracetic acid as a pretreatment were carried out and the effects of acid pretreatment using peracetic acid on subsequent digestion were investigated. It has been proved that this treatment effectively leads to a solubilisation of organic material and thus leads to a increase of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration. Besides, the SV of sludge was reduced and the settling characteristics of sludge were improved. But high dosage of peracetic acid lead to a decrease in biogas production and the proper dosage was 20 g/kg DS. It can be concluded that sludge anaerobic digestion with peracetic acid pretreatment is an effective method for biomass material transformation.

scholarly journals The Impact of Antimicrobial Substances on the Methanogenic Community during Methane Fermentation of Sewage Sludge and Cattle Slurry

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 369
Author(s):  
Izabela Koniuszewska ◽  
Małgorzata Czatzkowska ◽  
Monika Harnisz ◽  
Ewa Korzeniewska
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Cattle Slurry ◽  
Mcra Gene ◽  
Methane Fermentation ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances ◽  
Concentration Characteristic ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
The Impact

This study showed the effect of amoxicillin (AMO), and oxytetracycline (OXY) at a concentration of 512 µg mL−1, and sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and metronidazole (MET) at a concentration of 1024 µg mL−1 on the efficiency of anaerobic digestion (AD) of sewage sludge (SS) and cattle slurry (CS). The production of biogas and methane (CH4) content, and the concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) was analyzed in this study. Other determinations included the concentration of the mcrA gene, which catalyzes the methanogenesis, and analysis of MSC and MST gene concentration, characteristic of the families Methanosarcinaceae and Methanosaetaceae (Archaea). Both substrates differed in the composition of microbial communities, and in the sensitivity of these microorganisms to particular antimicrobial substances. Metronidazole inhibited SS fermentation to the greatest extent (sixfold decrease in biogas production and over 50% decrease in the content of CH4). The lowest concentrations of the mcrA gene (106 gD−1) were observed in CS and SS digestates with MET. A decline in the number of copies of the MSC and MST genes was noted in most of the digestate samples with antimicrobials supplementation. Due to selective pressure, antimicrobials led to a considerably lowered efficiency of the AD process and induced changes in the structure of methanogenic biodiversity.

scholarly journals Biogas potential of organic waste onboard cruise ships — a yet untapped energy source

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Schumüller ◽  
Dirk Weichgrebe ◽  
Stephan Köster
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Detailed Presentation

AbstractTo tap the organic waste generated onboard cruise ships is a very promising approach to reduce their adverse impact on the maritime environment. Biogas produced by means of onboard anaerobic digestion offers a complementary energy source for ships’ operation. This report comprises a detailed presentation of the results gained from comprehensive investigations on the gas yield from onboard substrates such as food waste, sewage sludge and screening solids. Each person onboard generates a total average of about 9 kg of organic waste per day. The performed analyses of substrates and anaerobic digestion tests revealed an accumulated methane yield of around 159 L per person per day. The anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge and food waste (50:50 VS) emerged as particularly effective and led to an increased biogas yield by 24%, compared to the mono-fermentation. In the best case, onboard biogas production can provide an energetic output of 82 W/P, on average covering 3.3 to 4.1% of the total energy demand of a cruise ship.

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