scholarly journals Hazard Assessments of Riverbank Flooding and Backward Flows in Dike-Through Drainage Ditches during Moderate Frequent Flooding Events in the Ningxia Reach of the Upper Yellow River (NRYR)

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1477
Author(s):  
Fuchang Tian ◽  
Bin Ma ◽  
Ximin Yuan ◽  
Xiujie Wang ◽  
Zhichun Yue
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Aerial Image ◽  
Drainage Ditches ◽  
Upper Yellow River ◽  
Flooding Events

In this study, the riverbank inundation caused by moderate frequent flooding events (with recurrence periods of less than 20 years), along with the increasingly serious hazards of backward flows in dike-through drainage ditches in the Ningxia Reach of the upper Yellow River (NRYR), were investigated. Then, a comprehensive method for hazard assessment of the floodplains and backward flows in the NRYR was proposed, which fully integrated geographical information systems (GISs), remote sensing (RS), and a digital elevation model (DEM), as well as river dynamics theory. This study first established a one-dimensional unsteady hydrodynamic model for the NRYR. The historical flood hydrology observation from 2012, along with the aerial image measurement data of the study area, were used to calibrate and verify the accuracy of the model. The hazards of riverbank inundation and damages to water affected engineering facilities, as well as the backward flows of dike-through drainage ditches caused by the moderate frequent flooding events, were comprehensively analyzed. Also, this study configured the hazard map and proposed revisions to the flood hazard ranking regime definitions, and discussed the impacts and prevention and control measures of moderate frequent flood damages. The proposed method could effectively meet the hazard analysis demands of the moderate frequent flooding events in the NRYR.

scholarly journals Determination of Flood Hazard Zones Using Geographical Information Systems and Remote Sensing Techniques: A Case Study in Part Yenagoa Metropolis

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Eteh Desmond ◽  
Francis Emeka Egobueze ◽  
Francis Omonefe
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Flood Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
Srtm Data

Flood has been a serious hazard for the past decades in Nigeria at large. The incidence of 2012 and 2018 flood disaster in Yenagoa, Amassoma and other parts of the state have not been recover till date and the government is not consigned about the well been of the people. The major causes of the flood are attributed to increased rainfall and lack of drainages including dredging of rivers and disobeying of environmental law and infrastructure failure. Coastal Towns or communities are one of the most affected areas of flood and their farms and fishing implements were washed away by the floodwater in 2012 and 2018 in Bayelsa State. Flood management is needed for provision of time information so quick response can be done as soon as possible. Using SRTM data to produce digital elevation model and IDW Contour, the 3D model from ground data of Yenagoa metropolis using ArcGIS 10.6 to generate and analyze them. As a result of field survey, flood level calculation was made to classified flood hazard zones for migration, Agricultural Educational, and construction purpose such as land suitability. This was used in ascertaining the extent of the flooded area. The result reveals that an area of over 5.9888882km2 and riverine and coastal area is flooded, affecting more than 15 coastal and riverine communities. The finding also concludes that remote sensing data like SRTM data and Geospatial techniques seems effective in mapping and identifying areas prone to flooding. Therefore Remote sensing and Geospatial database should be established for proper flood mapping and the government should constantly dredge the area from time to time. 

scholarly journals Using 1D HEC-RAS Modeling and LiDAR Data to Improve Flood Hazard Maps Accuracy: A Case Study from Jijia Floodplain (NE Romania)

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Huţanu ◽  
Alin Mihu-Pintilie ◽  
Andrei Urzica ◽  
Larisa Elena Paveluc ◽  
Cristian Constantin Stoleriu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Hydraulic Modeling ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Computer Algorithms ◽  
Hazard Maps ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Recurrence Intervals ◽  
Flood Hazard Maps

The ability to extract flood hazard settings in highly vulnerable areas like populated floodplains by using new computer algorithms and hydraulic modeling software is an important aspect of any flood mitigation efforts. In this framework, the 1D/2D hydraulic models, which were generated based on a Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) derivate Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and processed within Geographical Information Systems (GIS), can improve large-scale flood hazard maps accuracy. In this study, we developed the first flood vulnerability assessment for 1% (100-year) and 0.1% (1000-year) recurrence intervals within the Jijia floodplain (north-eastern Romania), based on 1D HEC-RAS hydraulic modeling and LiDAR derivate DEM with 0.5 m spatial resolution. The results were compared with official flood hazards maps developed for the same recurrence intervals by the hydrologists of National Administration “Romanian Waters” (NARW) based on MIKE SHE modeling software and a DEM with 2 m spatial resolutions. It was revealed that the 1D HEC-RAS provides a more realistic perspective about the possible flood threats within Jijia floodplain and improves the accuracy of the official flood hazard maps obtained according to Flood Directive 2007/60/EC.

Flood Hazard Assessment of Bago River Basin, Myanmar

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Win Win Zin ◽  
Akiyuki Kawasaki ◽  
Wataru Takeuchi ◽  
Zin Mar Lar Tin San ◽  
Kyaw Zaya Htun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Flood Hazard Assessment ◽  
Structural Measure ◽  
Inundation Map

Flood hazard mapping is an effective non-structural measure for sustainable urban planning, protecting human properties, lives, and disaster risk reduction. In this study, flood hazard assessment for the Bago river basin was performed. The flood inundation map of the Bago river basin was developed by coupling a hydrological and hydraulic model with geographical information systems. Flood hazard maps with different return periods were developed. The flood hazard map can be utilized to enhance the effectiveness of disaster risk management activities.

scholarly journals Local Participatory Flood Hazard Mapping’s Assessment and Coping: A Conceptual Model of Sustainability in Downstream Area of Belu Regency in the Western Timor Island, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Apolonia Diana Sherly da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
River Flooding ◽  
Flood Depth ◽  
And Coping

This study applies interview, Focus Group Discussion (FGDs), Participatory Geographical Information Systems (pGIS), and a conceptual model of sustainability (CMS) using risk perception of local community to map flood hazard and assess the social and cultural copings to cope with river flooding in downstream areas i.e., Lasaen, Umatoos, and Fafoe villages of West Malaka Subdistrict of Belu Regency, Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that the rural-river flooding was inundated at all three villages. The cycle of flood is twenty-years per event (1939, 1959, 1975, 1999 through 2000), and from 2000 its occurrence was each year until 2012. Based on interviews and FGDs, the information of flood characteristics of Lasaen and Fafoe villages were similar, but Umatoos village was not. The single longevity of flood inundation was in Fafoe village (1 week-1 month). Whilst Lasaen and Umatoos villages were experiencing less duration of flood inundations (0-7 days to 14-21 days). Lasaen and Umatoos Villages were dealing with flood depth’s variation from the lowest depth (0-50cm) to its deepest (251-300cm). For CMS, the most invaluable coping that might be sustainable was cultural capital. Both social and cultural coping enhancements were implemented by local community. The minimum and lack of both these transformable sub-copings were still the problem in the discourse unit of sustainability. As each sub-coping would be overlapped if there has no sufficient distribution of it, utilized by the local community. The genuineness local knowledge of community in applying their social and cultural copings in sustainability is seen as a unique reference and a useful form of local wisdom which can be highlighted and adopted as an effective and/or example discourse analysis by the other rural villages in developing nations that are also still struggling and coping with flood disaster.

scholarly journals Modélisation de la survenue des vecteurs de la fièvre catarrhale ovine à l'aide des systèmes d'information géographiques et de la télédétection

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
H. Martins ◽  
T. Nunes ◽  
Fernando Boinas
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Entomological Surveillance ◽  
Culicoides Imicola ◽  
Systèmes D’Information

Bluetongue (BT) is an infectious non-contagious disease which mainly affects domestic ruminants. It is caused by an arbovirus (BTV) from the family Reoviridae and its transmission is com­monly associated with an intermediate arthropod host from the genus Culicoides. Culicoides imicola is the main vector of BTV in the Mediterranean Basin. Entomological surveillance programmes make it possible to collect continuously data of vital importance for the spatial and temporal investigation of BT vector distribution. In May 2005, Portugal has implemented this programme, which is providing a considerable amount of data concerning the abundance, and spatial and temporal dis­tribution of several Culicoides species. Remote sensing is the process of acquiring data about a geographical object through several aircrafts or satellites built-in sensors and thus allowing the collection of useful information to characterize biophysical, climatic and environmental variables. Some of these variables influence survival, development and dispersion of BT vectors. The combination of satellite imagery and entomological surveil­lance data using geographical information systems (GIS) helps to develop models for the prediction of spatial occurrence of disease vectors. These models might be useful to identify risk areas for disease transmission and are therefore important for the development of targeted sanitary control measures. Two mathematical approaches were selected to model the spatial occurrence of Culicoides imicola, i.e. discriminant analysis and logistic regression. Climatic, remotely sensed and national entomological data were used to build both models. Statistical packages and GIS were then used to implement these models. The discriminant analysis model was less accurate, presenting a sensitivity of 76.6% and a specificity of 75.3%. The logistic regression model was more robust and presented 80.9% sensitiv­ity and 83.6% specificity. Descriptive spatial statistics were then calculated to characterize the landscape features associated with the presence/absence of BT vectors.

scholarly journals FLOOD MANAGEMENT IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: ROLE OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS

2015 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Floodplain Management ◽  
Flood Impacts

The worst flooding that ever hit Bosnia was in May 2014. The official estimates indicate that over 1.5 million people were affected in Bosnia and Serbia after a week of flooding. The assessments of the damage in Bosnia go up to €2billion of euro. The loss in floods is estimated 5 to 10% of GDP (as per WorldBank estimate). The effective floodplain management is a combination of the corrective and preventative measures for reducing flood damage. These measures require integrating data from a variety of sources, including zoning, subdivision, or building requirements, and the special-purpose floodplain ordinances.There are varieties of tools to generate a flood forecasting model to identify the potentially affected zones, so as to prioritize for remediation or the damage assessment. Furthermore, it is possible to analyze the time-related data and to explore trends and phenomena, to conduct the historical analysis and ―what–if‖ scenarios, and to track and monitor events such as excessive rainfall, track water levels, etc. Bosnia is just starting to develop these tools and methods and this could be the way to improve capability to tackle such natural disasters. This paper describes some applications of Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) in identifying flood hazard zones and flood shelters and are therefore important tools for planners and decision makers. The purpose is to describe a simple and efficient methodology to accurately delineate flood inundated areas, flood-hazard areas, and suitable areas for flood shelter to minimize flood impacts.

scholarly journals Detection of ionospheric signatures from GPS-derived total electron content maps

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Durgonics ◽  
G. Prates ◽  
M. Berrocoso
Keyword(s):  
Total Electron Content ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Electron Content ◽  
Total Electron ◽  
Lorca Earthquake ◽  
Satellite Systems

AbstractThe processing of measurement data from satellite constellations such as Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), including the well-known Global Positioning System (GPS), have been successfully applied to virtually all areas of geophysical sciences. In this work, a method is described where Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are employed to build hourly ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) maps for 2011 over the southern Iberian Peninsula. The maps used GPS-derived geometryfree linear combinations attained from station data from the Algarve, Alentejo (Portugal), Andalusia, Murcia and Valencia (Spain) regions. Following the construction of the ionospheric maps, it was possible to relate these results to natural phenomena. The observed phenomena included diurnal and seasonal variations: daytime TEC maxima, nighttime TEC peaks, summer TEC value decreases, and spring and fall TEC maxima. After validation of these periodic phenomena, detection of non-periodic changes, such as solar flares and tectonic interactions with the ionosphere were attempted. The results showed a TEC increase following a selected solar flare event and a potential TEC build-up prior to the 2011 Lorca earthquake. Further studies could open up the possibility of building early warning systems. The presented methods, based on available software packages, are also of value in monitoring the effect of the ionosphere on radio signals, satellite and mobile communication, power grids, and for accurate GNSS navigation.

Proababilistic Approach to Deterministic Inundation Map Informed by Geographical Factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Ung Yu ◽  
Minkyu Jung ◽  
Jin-Young Kim ◽  
Hyun-Han Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Hazard Map ◽  
Flood Hazard Map

<p>Urbanization causes extension of impervious surface interrupting natural hydrological cycle, which may increase in the number of disaster factors causing difficulties in terms of flood management. Flood control measures should prioritize identification of areas where flooding is expected to occur, considering various spatial characteristics distributed over the areas at risk. In this study, a probabilistic flood risk assessment was performed. The flood hazard map for a 100-year return level was used to illustrate the concept of a probabilistic model. Here, we trained the model to obtain the relationship between the estimated inundation area and potential predictors such as elevation, slope, curve number, and distance to the river. In this study, a Bayesian logistic regression analysis was performed to impose probabilities on the inundation for each grid. Finally, the flood risk was provided with the population for the entire target area through the model.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: Bayesian Inference, Flood Hazard Map, Geographical Information, Logistic Regression</p><p> </p><p>Acknowledgement</p><p>This work is supported by the Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement(KAIA) grant funded by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (Grant 19AWMP-B121100-04)</p>

scholarly journals Modelling extreme flood hazard events on the middle Yellow River using DFLOW-flexible mesh approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 6061-6092 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Castro Gama ◽  
I. Popescu ◽  
A. Mynett ◽  
L. Shengyang ◽  
A. van Dam
Keyword(s):  
Yellow River ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Software Modeling ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Extreme Flood ◽  
Rectangular Grids ◽  
The One ◽  
Flooding Events ◽  
Severe Flooding

Abstract. Severe flooding events in China are a common cause of life losses. Many efforts have been carried out to understand flooding development and impact on the Yellow River. New approaches on modeling, specifically with the current development of the software modeling tool DFLOW-FMβeta gives the opportunity to enhance the understanding of the behavior of the Yellow River during extreme events. The modeling approaches based on discretization of the modeled domain in square and rectangular grids have a great importance in the management of rivers but usually they present two drawbacks: the required accuracy of the meandering of wide long rivers is not well represented, and the reduced speed in computational runtime due to the need of using many grid cells. A new tool, developed by Deltares, based on a flexible mesh discretization of the domain, presents the advantage that the two drawbacks can be overcome. The approach has the advantage of combining different grids, in order to properly represent the river and compute the flooding extent accurately. The method is checked and demonstrated on the Yellow River case. Along with the test of the new proposed modeling method new characteristics of the spatial flooding process in the Yellow River emerges and are presented in the paper, showing the capabilities of the software application tool in modeling such a complex environment like the one studied.

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