scholarly journals A Quantity–Quality Model to Assess the Effects of Source Control Stormwater Management on Hydrology and Water Quality at the Catchment Scale

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Razaq Rezaei ◽  
Zubaidah Ismail ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Niksokhan ◽  
Muhammad Amin Dayarian ◽  
Abu Hanipah Ramli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Real Field ◽  
Rain Garden ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
Peak Runoff

The vast development of urban areas has resulted in the increase of stormwater peak runoff and volume. Water quality has also been adversely affected. The best management practices (BMPs) and low impact development (LID) techniques could be applied to urban areas to mitigate these effects. A quantity–quality model was developed to simulate LID practices at the catchment scale using the US Environmental Protection Agency Storm Water Management Model (US EPA SWMM). The purpose of the study was to investigate the impacts of LID techniques on hydrology and water quality. The study was performed in BUNUS catchment in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. This study applied vegetated swale and rain garden to assess the model performance at a catchment scale using real field data. The selected LIDs occupied 7% of each subcatchment (of which 40% was swale and 30% was rain garden). The LID removal efficiency was up to 40% and 62% for TN and TSS, respectively. The peak runoff reduction was up to 27% for the rainfall of up to 70 mm, and up to 19% for the rainfall of between 70 and 90 mm, respectively. For the longer storm events of higher than 90 mm the results were not as satisfactory as expected. The model was more effective in peak runoff reduction during the shorter rainfall events. As for the water quality, it was satisfactory in all selected rainfall scenarios.

scholarly journals Real time controlled sustainable urban drainage systems in dense urban areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Kändler ◽  
Ivar Annus ◽  
Anatoli Vassiljev ◽  
Raido Puust
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Urban Catchments

Abstract Stormwater runoff from urban catchments is affected by the changing climate and rapid urban development. Intensity of rainstorms is expected to increase in Northern Europe, and sealing off surfaces reduces natural stormwater management. Both trends increase stormwater peak runoff volume that urban stormwater systems (UDS) have to tackle. Pipeline systems have typically limited capacity, therefore measures must be foreseen to reduce runoff from new developed areas to existing UDS in order to avoid surcharge. There are several solutions available to tackle this challenge, e.g. low impact development (LID), best management practices (BMP) or stormwater real time control measures (RTC). In our study, a new concept of a smart in-line storage system is developed and evaluated on the background of traditional in-line and off-line detention solutions. The system is operated by real time controlled actuators with an ability to predict rainfall dynamics. This solution does not need an advanced and expensive centralised control system; it is easy to implement and install. The concept has been successfully tested in a 12.5 ha urban development area in Tallinn, the Estonian capital. Our analysis results show a significant potential and economic feasibility in the reduction of peak flow from dense urban areas with limited free construction space.

Study on Control of Water Quality of Poyang Lake

2014 ◽  
Vol 522-524 ◽  
pp. 979-982
Author(s):  
Chuan Bao Wu ◽  
Xiang Hui Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Poyang Lake ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Water Quality Control ◽  
Nps Pollution

Water quality of Poyang Lake is facing serious threats with the quick development of Jiangxi Province. Water quality control and pollution prevention of Poyang Lake have become important problems set before Jiangxi Province. To keep good water quality of Poyang Lake, a series of pollution-preventing strategies were studied. In order to prevent point source (PS) pollution, industrial types and layout, management measures and production technique should be improved. Strategies to prevent non-point source (NPS) pollution include four aspects. First is to transform part of NPS pollution to PS pollution by rationally laying out industry system. Second is to construct spatially harmonious and reasonable landscape pattern. Third is to reform conventional agricultural production by using advanced chemical and biological technologies. Fourth is to carry out Best Management Practices (BMPs) and Low-impact Development (LID) by learning and innovation.

Thermal stratification of Portuguese reservoirs: potential impact of extreme climate scenarios

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel C. Almeida ◽  
Pedro S. Coelho ◽  
António C. Rodrigues ◽  
Paulo A. Diogo ◽  
Rita Maurício ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Thermal Stratification ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Water Uses

Changes in water temperature and stratification dynamics can have a significant effect on hydrodynamics and water quality in reservoirs. Therefore, to assess future climate impacts, projections of three regional climate models for Europe, under the IPCC A1B emission scenario (2081–2100), were used with the CE-QUAL-W2 water quality model to evaluate changes in the thermal regime of 24 Portuguese reservoirs, representing different geographic regions, morphologies, volumes and hydrological regimes. Simulation results were compared with reference simulations for the period 1989–2008 and changes in water temperature and thermal stratification characteristics were evaluated. Future inflow scenarios were estimated from precipitation-runoff non-linear correlations and outflows were estimated considering present water uses, including hydropower, water supply and irrigation. Results suggest a significant increment in the mean water temperature of the reservoirs for the entire water volume and at water surface of 2.3 and 2.5 °C, respectively, associated with a runoff reduction of approximately 23%. Overall, variations in annual stratification patterns are characterized by changes in the mean annual length of stratification anomaly that ranged from −21 to +39 days. Results also show the influence of depth and volume over the reservoir's temperature anomaly, highlighting the importance of future water uses and operation rule curves optimization for reservoirs.

scholarly journals Serial Application of SWAT and CE-QUAL-W2 to Predict Water Quality Dynamics in the Basin and Lake of the Yongdam Dam, Korea to Analyze Climate Change Effects

10.29007/1l72 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongil Seo ◽  
Jongtae Park ◽  
Youngmin Koo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Precipitation Pattern ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Runoff Reduction

Long term changes in pollutant loadings and water quality of the Yongdam Lake due to climate changes were estimated by using a basin model and a surface water quality model in series. Two Representative Concentration Pathways scenarios, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, that stabilize radiative force at 4.5 W/m2 (significant reduction) and 8.5 W/m2 (current trend), respectively, were applied and their impacts were predicted. The SWAT model was selected in the basin to predict flow rates and loadings of major pollutants to the lake. Then, the CE-QUAL-W2 model was used to estimate water levels and water concentrations in the study lake. Both models were applied for 6 years from 2010 to 2015 and the latter three years were used for calibrations discarding the first three year warming up periods’ results. Using the both models, future flow rate and water concentration were estimated for 80 years from 2016 to 2095. The RCP8.5 scenario application results shows future flow rate and water quality concentrations will be increased in flood seasons and decreased in dry seasons. This result indicates that drought and flood will become more serious and also their effects on water quality will become more serious in the future. The RCP4.5 scenario showed greater increase in flow rates and TSS and TP concentrations than RCP8.5 scenarios despite the significant reduction in green house gas. This may be caused by increased air temperature followed by increased evapotranspiration that led surface runoff reduction in the basin area of the RCP8.5. This study suggests that dependent on characteristics of local climate change effect, impacts on the environmental may be different. Also, temporal distributions of precipitation pattern during simulation period and also in a year must be investigated thoroughly as simple arithmetic averages may not reflect detailed phenomena appropriately.

scholarly journals Storm Water Management of Low Impact Development in Urban Areas Based on SWMM

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiran Bai ◽  
Na Zhao ◽  
Ruoyu Zhang ◽  
Xiaofan Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
Combined Model ◽  
Flood Volume ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
Storage Facilities

LID (low impact development) is the storm management technique designed for controlling runoff in urban areas, which can be used to solve urban flooding disasters. Taking Sucheng District of Suqian City, Jiangsu Province, China as an example, this project used SWMM (storm water management model) to study the effect of four different types of LID scenarios (① no LID technique, ② LID technique based on infiltration, ③ LID technique based on water storage, ④ LID technique based on the combination of infiltration and water storage) on urban flooding under different rainfall patterns. For the whole study area, the results show that infiltration facilities have the greater reduction rate of surface runoff compared with storage facilities. The combined model (infiltration + storage) works best in the reduction of peak flow and flood volume, with the maximum reduction rate of peak flow (32.5%), and the maximum reduction rate of flood volume (31.8%). For local nodes, infiltration facilities and water storage facilities have different effects. Infiltration facilities significantly reduce runoff of node 47, the reduction rate of ponding time ranges from 73.1% to 54.5%, while water storage facilities have no effects on it. Storage facilities significantly reduce runoff of node 52, the reduction rate of ponding time is 100%, while infiltration facilities have no effects on it. Under all the LID designs, runoff reduction gradually increases with the increasing rainfall amount, and peak reduction becomes stable when rainfall amount reaches about 81.8 mm. In general, the combined model (infiltration + storage) performs better than any other scenarios in runoff reduction. The research shows that LID facilities can greatly mitigate flood, thus the urban flooding disasters caused by extreme rainstorms can be prevented.

Utilizing GIS in the Development of Water Quality River Modeling for Penchala River, Malaysia

2014 ◽  
Vol 580-583 ◽  
pp. 2078-2081
Author(s):  
Faridah Othman ◽  
Alaa Eldin Mohamed Elamin ◽  
Siti Azireen Hezza Azahar ◽  
Siti Asiah Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Rapid Manufacturing ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Digital Map ◽  
River Modeling

The quality of river water has been an important issue, due to its significant important function to the human being. In Asia, Malaysia is considered as one of the most speedily urbanizing countries and it’s facing huge environmental challenges. An increased pressure on urban areas has been generated by rapid manufacturing especially in the Penchala River Basin. Penchala River originates from Kiara Hill and passes through several important townships as it flows through residential and industrial areas before meeting with Klang River. Although the river is relatively short, with an approximately 12 km in length with a catchment area of 28 kilometer square, this catchment is noted to be under environmental stress emanating from storm water pollution, solid waste, sedimentation and micro-pollutant. To study the water pollution issue, it is always best if it is tied up with the geographic information system. The objective of this study is to use the GIS for preparing and organizing the geometric data to satisfy the water quality model requirements. As a result of this study, a digital map for Penchala River has been created.

Water quality modeling to evaluate BMPs in rice paddies

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Jeon ◽  
C.G. Yoon ◽  
H.S. Hwang ◽  
K.W. Jung
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Water Quality Modeling ◽  
Rice Paddies ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Dirac Delta ◽  
Surface Drainage

A water quality model applicable to rice paddies was developed using field data from 1999–2002. Use of the Dirac delta function efficiently explained the nutrient-concentration characteristics of ponded water. The model results agreed reasonably well with the observed data. The ponded-water quality was influenced primarily by fertilization; nutrient concentration was especially high during early cultivation periods. Reducing surface drainage during the fertilization period may substantially reduce nonpoint source loading from paddies. Increased weir heights and shallow irrigation methods were evaluated by the model as practical methods for reducing nutrient loading from paddies. These methods were effective in reducing surface drainage and are suggested as “best management practices” (BMPs) if applied based on site-specific paddy conditions.

Performance of low-impact development best management practices: a critical review

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Hager ◽  
Guangji Hu ◽  
Kasun Hewage ◽  
Rehan Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
Conflicting Objectives

Low-impact development (LID), a land planning and engineering design approach for managing urban stormwater runoff, has been widely adopted across the globe. LID best management practices (BMPs) are man-made features that rely on natural processes to manage stormwater water quantity and quality. In this article, recent literature (published after the year 2008) related to nine BMPs was reviewed to highlight the ranges in treatment efficiencies for 21 of the most frequently investigated runoff parameters. The primary function, pros and cons, and factors affecting performance of each BMP were discussed. A frequency analysis of the reviewed parameters showed that total suspended solids, total phosphorous, total nitrogen, runoff reduction, and zinc concentrations were the most frequently investigated stormwater runoff parameters. Five recurring themes were observed with regards to knowledge gaps and conflicting objectives for research related to LID BMPs that include: (i) lack of consensus on which parameters to measure for effective LID adoption, (ii) BMP performance is highly variable, (iii) many BMPs are known exporters of nutrient pollutants, (iv) lack of cold weather performance-specific studies for individual BMPs, and (v) lack of human pathogen-related stormwater quality studies for individual BMPs. Suggestions for future research are discussed to address these knowledge gaps.

scholarly journals Choosing the LID for Urban Storm Management in the South of Taiyuan Basin by Comparing the Storm Water Reduction Efficiency

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Cui ◽  
Yuqiao Long ◽  
Yintang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Rain Garden ◽  
The South ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Porous Pavement ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Taiyuan Basin ◽  
Urban Storm

Low impact development (LID) is a storm management philosophy. This paper aims at choosing the LID for urban storm management by comparing the efficiency in the south urban district in the Taiyuan Basin. Firstly, we set up a 1D–2D model to simulate the hydrological and hydraulic process of the area. Then the efficiency of different LID scenarios was analyzed by ratio of surcharging pipeline, percentage of ponding road, external outflow, infiltration, surface runoff, facility storage, and LID area ratio. It was found that the continuous porous pavement and rain garden are beneficial for use in residential and commercial settings in urban areas, and the rain garden performs more effectively and efficiently than the continuous porous pavement. The area occupied by LID might be under 20% of the impervious building area, because the LID performance was not improved significantly with the LID area when the ratio exceeded 20%. The LIDs could be more useful for small return periods and short duration storms, and could not replace conventional runoff management practices and drainage systems.

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