scholarly journals Contribution of Internal Nutrients Loading on the Water Quality of a Reservoir

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Won Lee ◽  
Yong Seok Lee ◽  
Jonggun Kim ◽  
Kyoung Jae Lim ◽  
Jung Hyun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sediment Load ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Internal Load ◽  
Phosphorus Flux

Sediment plays an important role in the water quality of a lake by acting as both a nutrient source and sink. The amount of phosphorus and nitrogen in the water depends on the internal load from the sediment as well as the external load. To estimate the effects of sediment load on the water quality of a reservoir, we applied a three-dimensional hydrodynamic and transport model based on the benthic chamber experimental results at Euiam Lake, South Korea. As shown in the sensitivity analysis results, the eutrophication period could be significantly extended by a change of phosphorus flux rates from the sediments. The increased phosphorus flux from the sediments intensifies the algal growth of Euiam Lake, which could cause serious algal bloom during spring and fall. This study provides information on nutrient concentrations in the sediment of Euiam Lake, verifies the role of the sediment as a source or sink of nutrients, and evaluates the effect of sediment release of nutrients and contaminants on water quality. This research is a useful tool in determining the effects of internal load in lakes and establishing the operation guideline for sediment management in order to maintain feasible water quality for beneficial use.

scholarly journals Trophic State Evaluation of Jackson Lake in Grand Teton National Park

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
Woodruff Miller
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
National Park ◽  
Trophic State ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
State Evaluation ◽  
June July

This study is the continuation of an evaluation of the trophic state of lakes located in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming. The original 1995 study was motivated by concern that the water quality of the lakes within the Park may be declining due to increased human usage over the past several years. A trophic state evaluation, featuring nutrient and chlorophyll-a analyses, was chosen because it is believed to be a sound indicator of the lakes' overall water quality. In this 1996 study, a thorough evaluation was made of Jackson Lake. This summary is taken from the complete 100 page report which is available from Woodruff Miller at Brigham Young University or Hank Harlow at the University of Wyoming. In most cases water samples were taken four times during the summer of 1996, in June, July, August, and October. Jackson Lake was sampled at eight different locations on thesurface and at depths near the bottom. The lake inlet and outlet were also sampled four times. Jackson Lake was sampled from a motor boat which also provided a means to measure the lake transparency and depth. The chlorophyll-a and nutrient concentrations were analyzed by the Utah State Health Department, Division of Laboratory Services. Jackson Lake was evaluated using the models of Carlson, Vollenweider, and Larsen­Mercier. The nature of the Larsen-Mercier and Vollenweider models, based on system inflow and outflow data, is such that they yield one trophic state assessment of the lake per inflow and outflow sample set. The Carlson Trophic State Indices (TSI), on the other hand, are based on in situ properties of the water at any point in the lake. Consequently, while there are four Vollenweider and four Larsen-Mercier evaluations for Jackson Lake, individual Carlson evaluations were made for the eight sample sites around the lake at the surface and at depth, and an evaluation for the lake as a whole was constructed using averages taken from the site evaluations. This allowed us to examine the relative water quality of different portions of the lake at different time periods.

scholarly journals The role of the mahogany tree (Swietenia macrophylla King) on quantity and quality of water that fall below the canopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 918 (1) ◽  
pp. 012036
Author(s):  
M F Fadhilah ◽  
Y Hidayat ◽  
A Hadiyane
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Hardness Measurement ◽  
Swietenia Macrophylla ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Water Quality Measurement ◽  
Rainwater Quality

Abstract Mahogany trees (Swietenia macrophylla) are often planted in urban forests area. This shady-crowned tree has a role in controlling the quantity and quality of rainwater that falls to the ground. Mahogany trees also affect the quality of rainwater through interception, fall, and stemflow. The purpose of this research was to determine the impact of the interception process, such as throughfall and stemflow, on changes in rainwater quality of the mahogany tree. The Data that needed to be measured were tree dimension, rainfall interception, and rainwater quality. Interception measurement was performed by calculating the number of throughfall and stemflow in one month-measurement. While the measurement of rainwater quality was measured once in the laboratory. These water quality measurements include Electrical Conductivity (EC), hardness, the content of Elements Ca, Mg, Na and K, and pH concentrations. The results based on the total area of the crown showed that mahogany had an interception value of 18.088%. In the throughfall measurement, the mahogany has a throughfall of 81.799%, while the amount of the stemflow is only 0.113%. The correlation of interception values, throughfall, and stemflow with rainfall are in general positively correlated. That means the higher rainfall water will increase the number of interception, throughfall, and stemflow. The results on water quality measurement explain that Ec value in rainwater interception was increased compared to water produced from rainfall in mahogany trees. It also has the same condition in hardness measurement. In pH measurements, the interception of rainwater has less pH when compared to direct rainfall water. In addition, the content of Elements Ca, Mg, K, and Na in Stemflow and Throughfall water have more numbers than rainfall itself.

scholarly journals Hydroacoustical regularities of food behavior of dolphins

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-97
Author(s):  
V. A. Ryabov
Keyword(s):  
Radial Velocity ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Acoustic Signals ◽  
Food Behavior ◽  
Individual Fish ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Hydroacoustic regularities of food behavior of dolphins are determined by characteristics and functionality of their acoustic signals. All the acoustic signals of dolphins are classified depending on their physical characteristics by the theory of signals and echolocation as follows: sequences of ultrashort ultrawideband coherent pulses – ‘clicks’, frequency-modulated (FM) simultones with uniformly distributed tones – ‘whistles’, packets of mutually coherent pulses (CI), packets of mutually noncoherent pulses (NI) and packets of versatile pulses (VI). They play the role of probing signals of six dolphin sonars optimized for solving various echolocation tasks. The possibilities of using the signals by dolphins in searching and classifying food objects by echolocation have been studied in this work on the basis of both experimental data obtained by the researcher and those available in literature. The dolphins can use sequences of ‘clicks’ to detect food objects (individual fish at the distance up to 70–110 m, a school of fish at the distance up to 450–600 m) and conspecifics (dolphins) (at the distance up to 450–600 m) and to classify food objects. The dolphins can use ‘whistles’ to detect food objects (individual fish at the distance up to 2 km, a school of fish at the distance up to 9–13 km) and conspecifics (dolphins) (at the distance up to 9–13 km) and to determine their range and relative radial velocity. ‘Whistles’ provide higher accuracy and the range of echolocation of food objects and conspecifics compared to ‘clicks’ (by more than an order of magnitude). Furthermore, the FM sonar provides the measure of the radial velocity of approaching or distance removing of underwater object to or from a dolphin. However, an acute analysis of the amplitude-time regularities of the fish echo for the purpose of their classification is the advantage of sonar using ‘clicks’. The dolphins can use the packs of CI at the distances shorter than 2.5 m for tracing the position dynamics of the prey aiming at accurate capture. The high hearing resolution of the dolphin in time is about 0.02 ms; it allows processing the subtle temporal dynamics of the echoes. Packs of NI (signals of spoken language) can be used by dolphins to organize various types of association and complex cooperation between themselves when hunting and catching fish. Packets of VI can be used by dolphins to expand the echolocation of the survey area around the dolphin in order to improve the quality of food objects monitoring, regardless of the position of the dolphin’s head, as well as to determine the range, relative radial velocity and class of food objects, at short distances. Evolution and perfection of various types of acoustic signals, sonars and various methods of processing echo signals in dolphins is caused, first of all, by optimization of hydroacoustic regularities of their food behavior, along with the need for orientation in three-dimensional space. One can assume the presence of similar hydroacoustic regularities of food behavior in Odontoceti based on the similarity of their acoustic signals and morphology. The acoustic regularities of food behavior of dolphins and bats are similar, despite the fact that they have different habitats (water and terrestrial-air), and these mammals belong to different orders of the animal kingdom (Сetacea and Chiroptera).

Determination of some physicochemical parameteres and inorganic nutrient content of Gediz River (Manisa)

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuğba Şentürk ◽  
Şükran Yıldız
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Western Turkey ◽  
River Water Samples ◽  
Gediz River

AbstractObjective: This present investigation aimed at assessing the water quality of the Gediz River located in western Turkey.Methods: Some physicochemical parameters and nutrient concentrations of the surface water of Gediz River were determined over a period of twelve months (October to September 2012) at 5 sampling sites along the river.Results: Data on some ions namely NHConclusion: This indicates pollution of the river water samples from the areas studied. Our findings highlighted the deterioration of water quality of the river due to anthropogenic and agriculturel activities.

Role of Major and Minor Constituents in Ground Water Quality of Industrial Area, Ahmednagar

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-218
Author(s):  
Patil S.S Patil S.S ◽  
◽  
Gandhe H.D Gandhe H.D ◽  
Ghorade I.B Ghorade I.B
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Ground Water Quality ◽  
Minor Constituents

Three-dimensional water-quality-transport model compared with field observations

1986 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 185-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markku Virtanen ◽  
Jorma Koponen ◽  
Kim Dahlbo ◽  
Juha Sarkkula
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Field Observations

The role of the Kis-Balaton Water Protection System in the control of water quality of Lake Balaton

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
István Tátrai ◽  
Kálmán Mátyás ◽  
János Korponai ◽  
Gábor Paulovits ◽  
Piroska Pomogyi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Lake Balaton ◽  
Water Protection
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