scholarly journals A Sensitivity Analysis of Simulated Infiltration Rates to Uncertain Discretization in the Moisture Content Domain

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1192
Author(s):  
Lulu Liu ◽  
Han Yu
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamical System ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamical ◽  
Pore Sizes ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Region Scale

An unconditionally mass conservative hydrologic model proposed by Talbot and Ogden provides an effective and fast technique for estimating region-scale water infiltration. It discretizes soil moisture content into a proper but uncertain number of hydraulically interacting bins such that each bin represents a collection of pore sizes. To simulate rainfall-infiltration, a two-step alternating process runs until completion; and these two steps are surface water infiltration into bins and redistribution of inter-bin flow. Therefore, a nonlinear dynamical system in time is generated based on different bin front depths. In this study, using rigorous mathematical analysis first reveals that more bins can produce larger infiltration fluxes, and the overall flux variation is nonlinear with respect to the number of bins. It significantly implies that a greater variety of pore sizes produces a larger infiltration rate. An asymptotic analysis shows a finite change in infiltration rates for an infinite number of bins, which maximizes the heterogeneity of pore sizes. A corollary proves that the difference in the predicted infiltration rates using this model can be quantitatively bounded under a specific depth ratio of the deepest to the shallowest bin fronts. The theoretical results are demonstrated using numerical experiments in coarse and fine textured soils. Further studies will extend the analysis to the general selection of a suitable number of bins.

Beating Effects in a Single Nonlinear Dynamical System in a Neighborhood of the Resonance

2016 ◽  
Vol 849 ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Jiří Náprstek ◽  
Cyril Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Harmonic Balance ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamical System ◽  
Numerical Continuation ◽  
System Response ◽  
Algebraic Equations ◽  
Single Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamical ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Eigen Frequency

The exact coincidence of external excitation and basic eigen-frequency of a single degree of freedom (SDOF) nonlinear system produces stationary response with constant amplitude and phase shift. When the excitation frequency differs from the system eigen-frequency, various types of quasi-periodic response occur having a character of a beating process. The period of beating changes from infinity in the resonance point until a couple of excitation periods outside the resonance area. Theabove mentioned phenomena have been identified in many papers including authors’ contributions. Nevertheless, investigation of internal structure of a quasi-period and its dependence on the difference of excitation and eigen-frequency is still missing. Combinations of harmonic balance and small parameter methods are used for qualitative analysis of the system in mono- and multi-harmonic versions. They lead to nonlinear differential and algebraic equations serving as a basis for qualitativeanalytic estimation or numerical description of characteristics of the quasi-periodic system response. Zero, first and second level perturbation techniques are used. Appearance, stability and neighborhood of limit cycles is evaluated. Numerical phases are based on simulation processes and numerical continuation tools. Parametric evaluation and illustrating examples are presented.

Effects of earthworm communities on water infiltration in wet soils with energy crops

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Wöhl ◽  
Stefan Schrader
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Allyl Isothiocyanate ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Energy Crops ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Energy Crop ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Infiltration Rates

<p>Maize (<em>Zea mays</em>) is the most commonly cultivated energy crop throughout Europe. However, its cultivation has severe negative effects such as loss of biodiversity and its delivery of ecosystem services, soil compaction and enhanced greenhouse gas emissions. These negative effects tend to be even more pronounced in wet soils such as pseudogleys. As an alternative to annual maize, the perennial cup plant (<em>Silphium perfoliatum</em>) is known to produce a similar yield, especially under waterlogging conditions, while management impacts of its cultivation are assumed to be less harmful to soil biota. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to quantify the provision of ecosystem services (here: control of the soil water balance) delivered by earthworm communities in wet soils under cultivation of cup plant compared with maize and to assess the ecological impact of both energy crops.</p><p>Fieldwork was conducted cup plant and maize fields (n = 4) in South Western Germany in spring and autumn 2019. The overall soil type was pseudo gleyic luvisol. All fields are managed for commercial purposes by farmers in the area. Sampling included earthworm extraction with allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) while the infiltration rate was measured simultaneously. Afterwards, hand sorting completed the earthworm sampling. Earthworm species, their abundance and biomass (live weight) were determined.</p><p>On average, earthworm abundance and biomass were higher in cup plant fields than in maize fields. In addition, variations in earthworm communities were found. While endogeic earthworms, especially of the genus <em>Aporrectodea</em>, were present in all fields, anecic earthworms were more abundant in cup plant fields. Higher infiltration rates were measured in maize fields. Hints to a correlation between the infiltration rates and the functional earthworm groups were found.</p><p>Our results suggest that cup plant fields host overall more diverse earthworm communities. These communities are able to produce a wider range of ecosystem services, even though the link between the infiltration and the crops studied in this stud is not yet validated.</p>

scholarly journals Water infiltration rate in the soil under different uses and covers in the Poxim River basin, Sergipe, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 321-339
Author(s):  
Lucas dos Santos Batista ◽  
Raimundo Rodrigues Gomes Filho ◽  
Clayton Moura de Carvalho ◽  
Alceu Pedrotti ◽  
Igor Leonardo Nascimento Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
No Till ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration

Watersheds are units of planning and environmental management having a great importance in the management of water resources and their use. To this end, knowledge about the soil's physical and water attributes is of paramount importance in the context of water dynamics in aquifer recharge areas. Water infiltration rate into the soil is considered an important variable in the hydrological cycle, as the increase in this process can lead to a reduction in erosion and consequently greater groundwater recharge. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the soil water infiltration rate in the phytophysiognomy of the Poxim River basin in the State of Sergipe, in the agriculture, eucalyptus and forest areas, and to observe the effect of the infiltration water rate in areas of no-till, minimum and conventional cultivation. The soil water infiltration rate was obtained through the use of double cylinder infiltrometer and estimated through the mathematical models of Kostiakov, Kostiakov-Lewis, Horton and Philip. When making comparisons between the models for estimating of soil water infiltration rates, the Horton model showed a better fit compared to the other models used, and the type of soil cover that obtained the highest infiltration rate was the forest. No-till areas provided higher water infiltration rates in the soil, contributing to greater groundwater recharge.

Topsoil structure in no-tilled soils in the Rolling Pampa, Argentina

Soil Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 533 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Alvarez ◽  
M. A. Taboada ◽  
S. Perelman ◽  
H. J. M. Morrás
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
Previous Crop ◽  
Double Cropping ◽  
No Till ◽  
Crop Root

Some topsoil physical properties evolve unfavourably under continuous, no-till farming. On the Pampa, loam soils under no-till sometimes have lower infiltration rates than those conventionally tilled; this is due to the occurrence of platy and massive structures. In this study, we aimed to identify the soil management practices that promote platy structure formation, and explain the soil physical behaviour linked to the thickness of platy structures in relation to infiltration rate, bulk density and shear strength. Six fields with different numbers of years under agriculture and diverse previous crops (maize or wheat–soybean double crop) were sampled, distinguishing within each field headlands (areas with higher traffic) and centre (lower traffic). Twenty samples were taken at random along a 200-m transect to characterise soil structure (platy, granular or massive) and the thickness of the platy structure. Principal component analysis revealed linkages between previous crop and location in each field and type of structure. ANOVA showed a significant (P < 0.05) interaction of previous crop × location. The frequency and thickness of the platy structures were lower, and those of granular structures higher, under wheat–soybean double cropping and in the centre of the field. Greater thickness of the platy structure determined lower water infiltration rate (r = –0.337; P < 0.01) and greater soil shear strength (r = 0.297, P < 0.01). Micromorphological analysis indicated the dominance of massive and platy structure in the headlands and bioturbation in the centre of the fields with wheat–soybean double cropping. These results suggest bioturbation, crop-root binding and low machinery traffic as the main factors minimising soil evolution towards unfavourable structural types under no-till farming in the area.

scholarly journals Long-Term Infiltration Performance Evaluation of Dutch Permeable Pavements Using the Full-Scale Infiltration Method

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floris Boogaard ◽  
Terry Lucke
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Permeable Pavements ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Maintenance Requirements ◽  
Infiltration Method

This research used a newly developed, full-scale infiltration testing (FSIT) procedure to determine the saturated surface infiltration rate of 16 existing permeable pavement installations in the Netherlands that have been in service for a number of years. Newly installed permeable pavements in the Netherlands must demonstrate a minimum infiltration capacity of 194 mm/h (540 L/s/ha). Only four of the 16 pavements tested in this study had an infiltration capacity higher than 194 mm/h. Most previous research has focused on unsaturated infiltration rates. However, the results of this study show that the difference in infiltration capacity between saturated and unsaturated can differ by up to 300%. If the unsaturated infiltration capacity is used as design input for computer models, the infiltration capacity may be significantly overestimated. The study demonstrated that the FSIT method is a reliable and accurate way to measure surface infiltration rates of permeable pavements. However, it is recommended that a minimum of three different FSIT tests should be undertaken at the same pavement location, and that the results should be averaged, to ensure appropriate infiltration rates are observed, recorded, and used in design. The results of this study should help stormwater managers with the planning, testing, and scheduling of maintenance requirements for permeable pavements with more confidence so that they will continue to perform satisfactorily over their intended design life.

scholarly journals INFILTRAÇÃO DE ÁGUA EM UM LATOSSOLO ROXO MUITO ARGILOSO EM DOIS SISTEMAS DE MANEJO

Irriga ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mario Artemio Urchei ◽  
Carlos Ricardo Fietz
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
Infiltration Tests

INFILTRAÇÃO DE ÁGUA EM UM LATOSSOLO ROXO MUITO ARGILOSO EM DOIS SISTEMAS DE MANEJO   Mário Artemio UrcheiCarlos Ricardo FietzEmbrapa Agropecuária Oeste, Caixa Postal 661, 79804-970 – Dourados, MSE-mail: [email protected] e [email protected]   1 RESUMO              Este trabalho objetivou caracterizar a infiltração de água em um latossolo roxo muito argiloso em dois sistemas de manejo (preparo convencional - PC e plantio direto - PD) e avaliar a adequação das equações de Horton e Kostiakov-Lewis para a estimativa da taxa de infiltração básica. O trabalho foi desenvolvido na área experimental da Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste, em Dourados, MS, durante os anos de 1994 e 1995. Em cada um dos sistemas foram realizados 25 testes de infiltração pelo método do infiltrômetro de duplo cilindro. Considerou-se como taxa de infiltração básica observada a média aritmética dos valores lidos após 120 minutos, enquanto sua estimativa foi feita pelas equações de Horton e de Kostiakov-Lewis. A taxa de infiltração básica, nos dois sistemas de manejo, ajustou-se à distribuição normal, de acordo com o teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, sem diferença entre as médias de 92,2 e 92,8mm h-1 (Tukey, 5%), para os sistemas PC e PD, respectivamente, consideradas muito altas. Esses valores apresentaram alta variabilidade nos dois sistemas, com coeficientes de variação de 78,6% para o PC e 83,5% para o PD. Apesar de as duas equações terem apresentado bom ajuste, os índices estatísticos evidenciaram que a equação de Kostiakov-Lewis é mais adequada para estimar a taxa de infiltração básica no latossolo roxo estudado.   UNITERMOS: Equações de infiltração, plantio direto, preparo convencional.   URCHEI, M. A.,  FIETZ, C.R.  WATER INFILTRATION IN AN OXISOL UNDER TWO CROPPING SYSTEMS   2 ABSTRACT   This work aimed to characterize water infiltration and evaluate the adequacy of Horton and Kostiachov-Lewis’s equations to estimate basic infiltration rate in an Oxisol under conventional tillage (CT) and no tillage (NT). The work was carried out over 1994 and 1995 in an experimental area of Embrapa Agropecuaria Oeste in Dourados city, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. For each  system  25  infiltration  tests  were  performed  by  the  double  ring infiltrometer method. Basic infiltration rates were  the average  of  infiltration measured  after  120 min of adding water on the soil surface. Estimation of basic infiltration rates has been performed by using Horton and Kostiakov-Lewis’s equations. Basic infiltration rates in both systems followed normal distribution according to Kolmogorov-Smirnov’s test. Average values for basic infiltration were 92.2 and 92.8 mm h-1 for CT and NT systems, respectively. No significantly different means have been observed  (P<0.05). The variation coefficients were 78.6% for CT and 83.5% for NT. In spite of two equations good adequacy, statistical indexes showed that Kostiakov-Lewis’s equation has been more fitted to estimate basic infiltration rates for the  studied Oxisol.  KEYWORDS: Infiltration equations, no tillage, conventional tillage.

scholarly journals INFILTRATION OF WATER AND SALINITY IN LUVISSOLO OF THE BRAZILIAN SEMIARID CULTIVATED WITH DIFFERENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Francisco Sandro Rodrigues Holanda ◽  
Renisson Neponuceno Araújo Filho ◽  
Alceu Pedrotti ◽  
Tiago Oliveira Santos ◽  
Heide Vanessa Souza Santos
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Cumulative Infiltration

The objective of this study was to evaluate the basic infiltration rate (IB), the cumulative infiltration (CI) and electrical conductivity (EC) of saturated-paste extract, in a LUVISSOLO CRÔMICO cultivated under tillage systems such as conventional tillage (CT), the minimum tillage (MT) and no-tillage (NT), on crop rotation. The infiltration basic velocity (IB) andAccumulated infiltration(CI) were determined by the ring infiltrometer; EC by thesaturated-paste method and moisture by the gravimetric method. After two and a half years of field research, the infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration was greater in NT, followed by MT and CT.Higher water infiltration rates are related to the sites where conservation practices were adopted, improving soil structure. 

scholarly journals A new technique using the aero-infiltrometer to characterise the natural soils based on the measurements of infiltration rate and soil moisture content

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 2515-2553 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Fulazzaky ◽  
Z. Yusop ◽  
I. Ibrahim ◽  
A. H. M. Kassim
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Measuring Device

Abstract. Infiltration rate (f) and soil moisture content (θ) are the important factors for water resources management. Accurate measurements of these factors are not so readily available in most farmlands since present measuring equipments are not really suitable. This paper proposes the measuring device that uses a simple method to measure the rate of water infiltration into the ground and to determine the percentage of water contained in the soil. The two empirical equations which formulated on the basis of power regression models of plotting f vs. air pressure dropping rate (P) and θ vs. P are proposed to evaluate the dynamic properties of soil–water and soil–air interface from a three-phase system. All the parameters in equations have physical meanings, and experimental data validation shows that the equations are sufficiently accurate. Aero-infiltrometer was used to measure both the variations of f and θ at three natural soil sites to contribute to operational water management issues and soil texture identification. In the future, new research opportunities on basic knowledge of air diffusion into the ground will contribute to more versatile techniques in measurement of water infiltration.

scholarly journals A new technique using the aero-infiltrometer to characterise the natural soils based on the measurements of infiltration rate and soil moisture content

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 12717-12751
Author(s):  
M. A. Fulazzaky ◽  
Z. Yusop ◽  
I. Ibrahim ◽  
A. H. M. Kassim
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Measuring Device

Abstract. Infiltration rate (f) and soil moisture content (θ) are the important factors for water resources management. Accurate measurements of these factors are not so readily available in most farmlands since present measuring equipments are not really suitable. This paper proposes the measuring device that uses a simple method to measure the rate of water infiltration into the ground and to determine the percentage of water contained in the soil. The two empirical equations which formulated on the basis of power regression models of plotting f vs. air pressure dropping rate (P) and θ vs. P are proposed to evaluate the dynamic properties of soil-water and soil–air interface from a three-phase system. All the parameters in equations have physical meanings, and experimental data validation shows that the equations are sufficiently accurate. Aero-infiltrometer was used to measure both the variations of f and θ at three natural soil sites to contribute to operational water management issues and soil texture identification. In the future, new research opportunities on basic knowledge of air diffusion into the ground will contribute to more versatile techniques in measurement of water infiltration.

Potential impact of Faidherbia albida tree on soil infiltration in a semi-arid agroforestry system of the Senegalese groundnut basin: role of preferential flows? 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waly Faye ◽  
Didier Orange ◽  
Djim Mouhamadou Lamine Diongue ◽  
Frederic Do ◽  
Christophe Jourdan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Faidherbia Albida ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
Single Ring

&lt;p&gt;The soil hydraulic properties controlling infiltration are dynamic depending on interrelated factors such as soil texture and structure, climate (rainfall intensity), land use, vegetation cover and plant root systems. These physical and biological factors directly influence the size and geometry of the conductive pores, and therefore the bulk density, soil structure and finally water infiltration at surface. In the Sahelian zone, the slightest modification of the physical properties of the soil has severe consequences on the soil properties and thus on hydrological processes. It is therefore essential to improve knowledge on the spatial distribution of the hydraulic behavior of soils for optimization of agricultural uses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We used the BEST method (Beerkan Estimation of Soil Transfer parameters) on a toposequence of the Senegalese groundnut basin (Fatick region) in the Faidherbia-Flux observatory[1] where the average rainfall is 590 mm/yr. The studied toposequence (400 m long) is representative of a common agroforestry zone with annual cultivation of millet and peanuts and a sparse density of Faidherbia albida. The slope is low (1%) with small lowland areas made up of sandy soil with more clay (clay soil), while the glacis is represented by more or less compacted sand. The infiltrometry measurements were made with the automatic single-ring infiltrometer developed by Di Prima et al. (2016), used here for the first time in West Africa. The explicative variables tested are the type of soils, including: clay soils under tree (CLUT) and outside tree (CLOT), sandy soils under tree (SSUT) and outside trees (SSOT), and cattle trampled soils outside trees (TSOT) particularly compacted and largely present in the study area. BEST algorithms were applied to the experimental data to determine the hydraulic properties of the soils of the different variables and to draw water retention and hydraulic conductivity curves.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;There are significant differences in infiltration rates between the sampled zones and in relation with the studied factors. The highest infiltration rate is found on sandy soils under tree (SSUT) with an average infiltration rate of 14.0 mm/min, followed by SSOT with 11.6 mm/min. Then the clay soils CLUT and CLOT are characterized by similar lower hydraulic responses with average infiltration rates of 6.9 mm/min and 6.2 mm/min, respectively. The average infiltration rate is the lowest on the compacted sandy soils TSOT, with only 5.4 mm/min. The study of the variability of the infiltration rates measured by class of variable shows a large variability for CLOT, CLUT and SSUT (decreasing order of variability). These results are in agreement with the measured values of dry soil bulk density. The high infiltration rates in the clay soils outside and under trees can be explained by the higher content of organic matter observed on the sampling, and probably by the existence of preferential flow activated by the macropores particularly present on clay soils (CLOT and CLUT) and on sandy soils under tree (SSUT).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Di Prima, S., et al., 2016. Testing a new automated single ring infiltrometer for Beerkan infiltration experiments. Geoderma, 262, 20&amp;#8211;34. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.08.006&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;div&gt; &lt;p&gt;[1] Faidherbia-Flux&amp;#160;: https://lped.info/wikiObsSN/?Faidherbia-Flux&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;

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