scholarly journals Comparison of Acoustic to Optical Backscatter Continuous Measurements of Suspended Sediment Concentrations and Their Characterization in an Agriculturally Impacted River

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zacharie Sirabahenda ◽  
André St-Hilaire ◽  
Simon C. Courtenay ◽  
Michael R. van den Heuvel
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Indirect Measurements ◽  
Sediment Budgets ◽  
Suspended Sediment Concentrations ◽  
Frequency Monitoring ◽  
Current Profiler ◽  
The Relationship

The increased soil loss in an agricultural watershed raises challengers for river water quality and a reliable automated monitoring for suspended sediment concentrations (SSC) is crucial to evaluate sediment budgets variation in systems. The aims of this study were (1) to test if an acoustic doppler current profiler (ADCP) would give similar results to turbidity probe measurements as a high frequency monitoring tool for suspended sediment; and (2) to analyze the relationship between sediment drivers and SSC in a typical agricultural drainage basin. The acoustic and optical backscatter sensors were used to collect SSC data during the ice-free seasons of four consecutive years in the Dunk River (PEI, Canada). The slopes of the relationships between the two SSC indirect measurements were not significantly different than 1. Correlations between SSC and hydro-meteorological variables showed that the high SSC values were more associated with the streamflow and water velocity than precipitation. This study highlighted the great potential of ADCP for the continuous monitoring of suspended sediment in an agricultural watershed. For summer periods the prevalence of clockwise hysteresis (74.1% of measured rainstorm events with SSC > 25 mg L−1) appeared related to rainstorm behaviors.

scholarly journals Estimating suspended sediment concentrations using a broadband ADCP in Mahshahr tidal channel

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1601-1630 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ghaffari ◽  
J. Azizpour ◽  
M. Noranian ◽  
V. Chegini ◽  
V. Tavakoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Suspended Particle ◽  
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
Asymmetric System ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Suspended Sediment Concentrations ◽  
Current Profiler ◽  
The Persian Gulf

Abstract. Data sets of Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) backscatter intensities (ABS) were used to evaluate suspended sediment concentrations (SSC) in the Mahshahr Channel (MC) of the Persian Gulf. Since the echo intensity is closely related to turbidity in water, the ADCP may be a promising tool to monitor the sediment transport. The low susceptibility of the acoustic backscatter to bio-fouling and the ADCP provision of current profiles as well as sediment time series makes this monitoring method more advantageous compared with the traditional methods. Time series of ADCP backscatter intensity profiles were used for improving temporal resolution of SSC estimates. Backscatter and traditional observational data were separated into two segments. The first part was utilized for calibrating the backscatter data and attributing the intensity to suspended particle concentrations and using the second part acoustic intensities were validated. Acoustic based SSC estimates are slightly underestimated in comparison with traditional water sample based SSC values, but still there is good agreement between acoustic SSC and traditional observations. Results illustrate a rather high correlation between lab based and acoustic based particles in suspension (R2 = 88 %). Additionally measurements reveal the domination of a semidiurnal ebb asymmetric system in the MC. Tidal currents provide the main energy source for particle resuspension and transport. Maximum suspended load concentrations are evident in ebb tides, while the currents strengths are enough to refloat loads from the bed. In general spring tides show higher SSC values compared with neap tides in the study area.

scholarly journals Quantification and Analysis of Suspended Sediments Concentration Using Mobile and Static Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler Instruments

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angga Dwinovantyo ◽  
Henry M. Manik ◽  
Tri Prartono ◽  
Susilohadi Susilohadi
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ◽  
Suspended Sediments ◽  
High Water ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Port Area ◽  
Strength Based ◽  
Suspended Sediment Concentrations ◽  
Current Profiler

The application of Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) can be used not only for measuring ocean currents, but also for quantifying suspended sediment concentrations (SSC) from acoustic backscatter strength based on sonar principle. Suspended sediment has long been recognized as the largest sources of sea contaminant and must be considered as one of the important parameters in water quality of seawater. This research was to determine SSC from measured acoustic backscattered intensity of static and mobile ADCP. In this study, vertically mounted 400 kHz and 750 kHz static ADCP were deployed in Lembeh Strait, North Sulawesi. A mobile ADCP 307.2 kHz was also mounted on the boat and moved to the predefined cross-section, accordingly. The linear regression analysis of echo intensity measured by ADCP and by direct measurement methods showed that ADCP is a reliable method to measure SSC with correlation coefficient (r) 0.92. Higher SSC was observed in low water compared to that in high water and near port area compared to those in observed areas. All of this analysis showed that the combination of static and mobile ADCP methods produces reasonably good spatial and temporal data of SSC.

scholarly journals Quantifying Suspended Sediment using Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler in Tidung Island Seawaters

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Munandar Manik ◽  
Randi Firdaus
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
In Situ Measurement ◽  
Ocean Current ◽  
Echo Intensity ◽  
Current Profiler

Tidung Island, located near Jakarta Bay, is a tourism and conservation area. It is necessary to keep these seawaters unpolluted. To calculate the level of pollution, it is necessary to know the sediment concentration. Quantifying concentration suspended sediment is important for knowledge of sediment transport. Researchers usually use water sample analysis and optical method for quantifying suspended sediment in seawater. Less accuracies of these methods are due to under sample of seawater and the existence of biological fouling. One promising method to measure concentration of suspended sediment is using Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP). ADCP is usually used by oceanographer and hydrographer to measure ocean current. In this research, ADCP with 300 kHz operating frequency was used effectively to measure suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and ocean current simultaneously. The echo intensity received from suspended sediment was computed using sonar equations to quantify SSC. The empirical equation between echo intensity and SSC was found. The SSC value obtained by ADCP was also compared with in situ measurement. The result showed that quantified SSC value obtained by ADCP was nearly equal with SSC obtained from in situ measurement with coefficient correlation of 0.98. The high concentration ranged from 55 mg/L to 80 mg/L at the surface layer to a depth 12 m, moderate concentration ranged from 45 mg/L to 55 mg/L at a depth 12 m to 40 m, and low concentration less than 45 mg/L at a depth greater than 40 m. The distribution of SSC was correlated with ocean current condition. In small currents, suspended solids will settle faster so that the concentration in the water column will decrease. Conversely, if the velocity is high, suspended solids will continue to float carried by the current in the water column so that the concentration is high.

scholarly journals MEASUREMENT OF SUSPENDED SEDIMENT ON TIDAL FLAT WITH AN ACOUSTIC DOPPLER CURRENT PROFILER

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 949-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi KAWANISHI ◽  
Tomoya YOKOYAMA ◽  
Masamitsu MIZUNO ◽  
Shoji FUKUOKA
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Tidal Flat ◽  
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ◽  
Current Profiler

The effect of suspended sediment on fertilization success in sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) and coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) salmon

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 2487-2494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan V Galbraith ◽  
Erland A MacIsaac ◽  
J Stevenson Macdonald ◽  
Anthony P Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Fertilization Success ◽  
Suspended Sediment Concentrations ◽  
Controlled Flow ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Suspended sediment is a naturally occurring part of aquatic ecosystems, and unnatural elevation of suspended sediment in streams above background concentrations is known to adversely affect Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) at different life stages. Conspicuously lacking in the literature is knowledge of the effect of suspended sediment on egg fertilization success during spawning. Sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) and coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) salmon gametes were used to investigate the impact of different concentrations of suspended sediment particles on the ability of sperm to successfully fertilize eggs. The fertilization process was simulated using a controlled-flow water flume with concentrations of suspended particles ranging from 800 to 47 000 mg·L–1. Egg fertilization success was assessed at eyed stage after incubating eggs in the streambed in the field or in artificial laboratory egg incubation (Heath) trays. Regression model analysis showed that suspended sediment concentrations reduced the percent of fertilized eggs and that reduction in successful fertilization below 80% could occur when suspended sediment levels are in excess of 9000 mg·L–1. The relationship derived herein serves as a preliminary guideline for determining the effect size of suspended sediment concentration on egg fertilization success during spawning.

scholarly journals Prediction and classification of suspended sediment and zooplankton signals from acoustic Doppler current profiler backscatter data using artificial neural networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 944 (1) ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
A Dwinovantyo ◽  
S Solikin ◽  
H M Manik ◽  
T Prartono ◽  
Susilohadi
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Suspended Sediment Concentration ◽  
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ◽  
Suspended Sediments ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Zooplankton Abundance ◽  
Current Profiler ◽  
Artificial Neural

Abstract Characterization of each underwater object has its challenges, especially for small objects. The process of quantifying acoustic signals for these small objects can be done using high-frequency hydroacoustic instruments such as an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) combined with the artificial intelligence (AI) technique. This paper presents an artificial neural network (ANN) methodology for classifying an object from acoustic and environmental data in the water column. In particular, the methodology was tuned for the recognition of suspended sediments and zooplankton. Suspended sediment concentration and zooplankton abundance, which extracted from ADCP acoustic data, were used as input in the backpropagation method along with other environmental data such as effects of tides, currents, and vertical velocity. The classifier used an optimal number of neurons in the hidden layer and a feature selection based on a genetic algorithm. The ANN method was also used to estimate the suspended sediment concentration in the future. This study provided new implications for predicting and classifying suspended sediment and zooplankton using the ADCP instrument. The proposed methodology allowed us to identify the objects with an accuracy of more than 95%.

scholarly journals Suspended Sediment Transport from the Dokriani Glacier in the Garhwal Himalayas

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratap Singh ◽  
K. S. Ramasatri ◽  
Naresh Kumar ◽  
N. K. Bhatnagar
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Suspended Sediment Concentration ◽  
Sediment Load ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Suspended Sediment Transport ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Garhwal Himalayas ◽  
Suspended Sediment Concentrations ◽  
June July

Estimation of sediment load from glacierized basins is very important for planning, designing, installation and operation of hydro-power projects, including management of reservoirs. In the present study, an assessment of suspended sediment concentration, load, yield and erosion rate has been undertaken for the Dokriani Glacier drainage basin located in the Garhwal Himalayas. About 60% of the total drainage area of this basin is glacierized. Data were collected for four ablation seasons (1995-1998). The mean daily suspended sediment concentrations for June, July, August and September were 452, 933, 965 and 275 mg 1-1, respectively, indicating highest suspended sediment concentration in August, followed by July. Similar trends were also found for the sediment load and about 88% of the total suspended sediment load of the melt period was transported during the months of July and August. Sediment yield for the study basin was computed to be about 2,800 t km-2 yr-1, which is comparable with glacierized basins (10-30% glacierized) in the Pamir region. For the entire ablation period, the erosion from the Dokriani Glacier basin is estimated to be about 1.0 mm. There was a poor relationship between suspended sediment concentration and discharge. The average percentages of clay, silt and sand were found to be 1.4, 67.3 and 31.3%, respectively, which suggest maximum content of silt followed by sand. There was limited variation in the content of clay, silt and sand in the suspended sediment during the ablation period.

scholarly journals SUSPENDED SEDIMENT DISCHARGE ON A NON-TIDAL COAST

1982 ◽  
Vol 1 (18) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Coakley ◽  
M.G. Skafel
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Sediment Discharge ◽  
Sand Beach ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Longshore Transport ◽  
Suspended Sediment Concentrations ◽  
Tidal Sand ◽  
The Relationship

A field study was conducted on a non-tidal sand beach to measure the relationship between wave energy and the longshore transport of suspended sediment. The range of suspended sediment concentrations was similar to that reported elsewhere. The relation between longshore transport and longshore energy flux derived from this data set is about half that amount predicted by such widely quoted sources as Komar and Inman (1970).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document