scholarly journals The Effect of Climatic and Non-climatic Factors on Groundwater Levels in the Jinghuiqu Irrigation District of the Shaanxi Province, China

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Zhao ◽  
Zhifeng Jia ◽  
Zilong Guan ◽  
Chunyan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
The Impact

A chronic decline of the groundwater levels has become one of the hot issues affecting groundwater resources management. The rising global temperature, the high frequency of extreme weather (higher temperature and stronger evaporation, heavy or less rainfall), and unreasonable management policies have become important driving factors, causing a dynamic change in groundwater levels, in many regions. This study aims to explore the impact of climate and non-climate factors on groundwater levels in the Jinghuiqu irrigation district. The climatic phases were defined by rainfall anomalies, and the Mann–Kendall trend test statistic (M–K test) and Sen’s slope method were used to statistically analyze the influence of temperature (1950–2017) and rainfall (1980–2017) on the groundwater level. The results showed that: (1) Dry, normal, and wet phases occurred alternately, including two normal, two wet, and one dry periods (Wet 1980–1984; Normal 1985–1996; Dry 1997–2002; Wet 2003–2011; Normal 2012–2017). (2) The groundwater levels in the dry phase, decreased significantly by 0.62 m/year (p < 0.05), and the groundwater levels in the wet phases did not have a complete recovery, due to the excessive extraction of groundwater. Meanwhile, extreme weather became an important signal to reflect the change of groundwater levels. (3) The groundwater levels decreased significantly in the west and northwest (p < 0.05), but not in the southeast, due to the regional difference of groundwater extraction, which is the primary factor resulting in a chronic decline of groundwater levels. (4) Besides human activities, temperature had a higher correlation with groundwater levels (p < 0.05), which indicated that the potential impact of climate change on groundwater levels should not be ignored while setting groundwater resource management policies for a sustainable cycle of atmosphere–land–water.

scholarly journals The use of groundwater crustacean communities as indicators for aquifers quality in the semi-arid region of north-central Chile

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanda Iepure ◽  
Nicolas Gouin ◽  
Angeline Bertin ◽  
Ana Camacho ◽  
Antonio González-Ramón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Groundwater Temperature ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Water Abstraction ◽  
Over Exploitation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid

Chile has large extensions of arid and semi-arid regions throughout the whole country, where the intensive demands and use of water resources, especially groundwater for irrigations and mining activities, increased dramatically over the last decades. The aquifer depletions due to water abstraction for irrigation and nutrient loads, exert major alterations of water quality, groundwater recharge and the natural renewal rate. All these factors diminish the aquifer value for the users and contribute to the degradation of groundwater as environment and habitat for fauna. This intensive use of groundwater resources in Chile brought to significant social and economic benefits, but their inadequate management resulted in negative environmental, legal and socioeconomic consequences. In this study, we aimed at providing a first assessment of environmental alterations of groundwater ecosystems from agricultural watersheds in northern Chile by specifically evaluating the effects of nitrogen and pesticide loads on groundwater communities and identifing the ecosystem service alterations due to agricultural activities. The study has been performed in a glacial aquifer from Coquimbo region; 250 km north of Santiago de Chile, the floodplain of which is dominated by agriculture (fruits tress, vineyards). Due to low regional precipitations (100-240 mm/year) the aquifer is primarily recharged by snowmelt from the Andean chain and surface runoff. The relative groundwater levels, groundwater temperature, chemical analysis of nitrogen and total phosphorus and pesticide concentrations were examined, along with the evaluation of crustacean biodiversity and spatial distribution pattern. Stygofauna taxonomic richness and the presence of stygobites have been related more to groundwater level stability than to chemical water parameters indicating that over-exploitation has a negative impact on habitat suitability for groundwater invertebrates. Groundwater biota assessment is essential in understanding the impact produced by agriculture activities on groundwater as a resource and as ecosystem, a nexus that becomes more and more widely recognized. The rationale and the preliminary results of this study are summarized in the Suppl. material 1.

scholarly journals Contribution to the hydrogeology of Six Hills sandstone aquifer in East El-Oweinat area, south Western desert, Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Younes Ghoubachi
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Western Desert ◽  
Pumping Rate ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Monitoring Wells ◽  
Sandstone Aquifer ◽  
Domestic Livestock ◽  
The Impact

El-Oweinat area is located in southwestern Egypt and is considered to be one of the new land reclamation projects in the Western Desert. The Nubian Sandstone aquifer has high potentiality and good groundwater quality. The results of geologic and hydrogeologic studies reveal that the Six Hills sandstone aquifer represents the sole groundwater resource used for all purposes (agriculture, drinking, domestic, livestock and poultry) in East El-Oweinat area. The Six Hills sandstone aquifer overlies directly the Precambrian basement rocks. The concerned aquifer exists under unconfined conditions as it is exposed on the surface. The hydrogeological cross sections show that the fully saturated thickness of the Six Hills sandstone aquifer ranges between 150.2 m and 651 m and increases towards the west. The groundwater generally flows towards the northeast direction with an average hydraulic gradient of 0.6 ‰. The calculated groundwater volume of the Six Hills sandstone aquifer in East El-Oweinat area (4,340 km2) reaches 350 bcm of fresh water. The comparison of the depth to water in the same monitoring wells during 14 years (2003 and 2016) reveals that the head decline rate in groundwater depths were ranging between 5 cm/year and 80 cm/year. The pumping rate increased from 600,000 m3/day in year 2003 to 3,600,000 m3/day in 2016. The average transmissivity attains 2,060 m2/day reflecting the high potential of the Six Hills sandstone aquifer in East El-Oweinat area. The groundwater flow model (MODFLOW) has been used to investigate the impact of groundwater withdrawal on groundwater levels for sustainable groundwater management. Four scenarios were applied to predict the probable head changes in the Six Hills sandstone aquifer and their impact on the availability of groundwater. The fourth scenario is recommended in order to sustain the groundwater resources in the study area and keep the drawdown rates in the range of 0.66 m/year through reducing the present discharging rates (10,000 m3/day/well) by about 40%.

Simulation supported scenario analysis for water resources planning: a case study in Northern Italy

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Facchi ◽  
C. Gandolfi ◽  
B. Ortuani ◽  
D. Maggi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
The Impact

The work presents the results of a comprehensive modelling study of surface and groundwater resources in the Muzza–Bassa Lodigiana irrigation district, in Northern Italy. It assesses the impact of changes in land use and irrigation water availability on the distribution of crop water consumption in space and time, as well as on the groundwater resources. A distributed, integrated surface water-groundwater simulation system was implemented and applied to the study area. The system is based on the coupling of a conceptual vadose zone model with the groundwater model MODFLOW. To assess the impact of land use and irrigation water availability on water deficit for crops as well as on groundwater system in the area, a number of management scenarios were identified and compared with a base scenario, reflecting the present conditions. Changes in land use may alter significantly both total crop water requirement and aquifer recharge. Water supply is sufficient to meet demand under present conditions and, from the crop water use viewpoint, a reduction of water availability has a positive effect on the overall irrigation system efficiency; however, evapotranspiration deficit increases, concentrated in July and August, when it may be critical for maize crops.

scholarly journals Vegetation Changes in Response to Climatic Factors and Human Activities in Jilin Province, China, 2000–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8956
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
Zhibo Zhao ◽  
Lingzhi Wang ◽  
Guanghui Li ◽  
Lei Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Activities ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Jilin Province ◽  
Vegetation Changes ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Barren Land ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Permanent Wetland

Dynamic change in vegetation is an integral component of terrestrial ecosystems, which has become a significant research area in the current context of global climate warming. Jilin Province in northeast China is an ecologically fragile area, and there is an urgent need to understand its vegetation changes and responses to both climatic factors and human activities. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was used to analyze trends in vegetation growth, and indicated significant growth overall. The NDVI of different vegetation cover types is increasing, indicating that the vegetation is continuously greening, and in descending order, the growth trends were grassland (0.0035/year) > permanent wetland (0.0028/year) > cropland (0.0027/year) > forest land (0.0022/year) > barren land (−0.0001/year). Grassland and cropland vegetation types included the most severely degraded areas, with fluctuating NDVI values. Precipitation was the main positive controlling climatic factor of NDVI in the western regions of the study area, while average temperature was the main factor in the eastern regions. Precipitation was the main climatic control factor for grassland and cropland, while forest land was limited by precipitation and average temperature. Barren land and permanent wetland were slightly negatively correlated with precipitation. From 2000 to 2019, the residual values for NDVI increased from −0.0121 to 0.0116, and the impact of human activities on vegetation changed from negative to positive. By 2019, the proportion of positively affected zones was as high as 94.01%, and the negatively affected zones were mainly distributed across transitional areas of cropland and grassland, and urban and built-up land and forest land.

scholarly journals Study of historical groundwater level changes in two Belgian chalk aquifers in the context of climate change impacts

2021 ◽  
pp. SP517-2020-212
Author(s):  
Pascal Goderniaux ◽  
Philippe Orban ◽  
Alain Rorive ◽  
Serge Brouyère ◽  
Alain Dassargues
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Groundwater Abstraction ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
Precipitation Decrease ◽  
Chalk Aquifer ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn Southern Belgium, 23% of abstracted groundwater volumes are from chalk aquifers which represent strategic resources for the region. Due to their specific nature, these chalk aquifers often exhibit singular behaviour and require specific analysis. The quantitative evolution of these groundwater resources is analysed for the Mons Basin and Hesbaye chalk aquifers as a function of past evolution, in the short and long terms. Groundwater level time series exhibit decreases when analysed over different periods. This is particularly visible for the Hesbaye chalk aquifer when comparing the 1960-1990 and 1990-2020 periods. Such decreases are associated to observed temperature increase and a precipitation decrease, inducing a decrease of aquifer recharge, and a probable increase of groundwater abstraction in the adjacent catchment. Past evolution is also discussed considering recent winter and summer drought events. The aquifers exhibit long delays in response to recharge events, particularly where the thickness of the partially saturated zone plays a crucial role in observed delays. Regarding future evolution, simulations of the impact of climate changes using medium-high emission scenarios indicate a probable decrease of the groundwater levels over the Hesbaye chalk aquifer.

scholarly journals Impact of Climate Change on Groundwater Resources

2016 ◽  
pp. 196-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Climate change poses uncertainties to the supply and management of water resources. While climate change affects surface water resources directly through changes in the major long-term climate variables such as air temperature, precipitation, and evapotranspiration, the relationship between the changing climate variables and groundwater is more complicated and poorly understood. The greater variability in rainfall could mean more frequent and prolonged periods of high or low groundwater levels, and saline intrusion in coastal aquifers due to sea level rise and resource reduction. This chapter presents the likely impact of climate change on groundwater resources and methodology to assess the impact of climate change on groundwater resources.

scholarly journals Analysis of the impact of climate change on groundwater related hydrological fluxes: a multi-model approach including different downscaling methods

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Stoll ◽  
H. J. Hendricks Franssen ◽  
M. Butts ◽  
W. Kinzelbach
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Small Catchment ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Northern Switzerland ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Hydrological Fluxes ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Climate change related modifications in the spatio-temporal distribution of precipitation and evapotranspiration will have an impact on groundwater resources. This study presents a modelling approach exploiting the advantages of integrated hydrological modelling and a broad climate model basis. We applied the integrated MIKE SHE model on a perialpine, small catchment in northern Switzerland near Zurich. To examine the impact of climate change we forced the hydrological model with data from eight GCM-RCM combinations showing systematic biases which are corrected by three different statistical downscaling methods, not only for precipitation but also for the variables that govern potential evapotranspiration. The downscaling methods are evaluated in a split sample test and the sensitivity of the downscaling procedure on the hydrological fluxes is analyzed. The RCMs resulted in very different projections of potential evapotranspiration and, especially, precipitation. All three downscaling methods reduced the differences between the predictions of the RCMs and all corrected predictions showed no future groundwater stress which can be related to an expected increase in precipitation during winter. It turned out that especially the timing of the precipitation and thus recharge is very important for the future development of the groundwater levels. However, the simulation experiments revealed the weaknesses of the downscaling methods which directly influence the predicted hydrological fluxes, and thus also the predicted groundwater levels. The downscaling process is identified as an important source of uncertainty in hydrological impact studies, which has to be accounted for. Therefore it is strongly recommended to test different downscaling methods by using verification data before applying them to climate model data.

scholarly journals Impact of Groundwater Abstraction on Hydrological Responses during Extreme Drought Periods in the Boryeong Dam Catchment, Korea

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2132
Author(s):  
Sanghyun Park ◽  
Hyeonjun Kim ◽  
Choelhee Jang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Groundwater Abstraction ◽  
Runoff Simulation ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Hydrological Responses ◽  
The Impact

Groundwater withdrawal results in a significant depletion of groundwater storage due to the frequency and intensity of droughts and increasing irrigation demands. To ensure the sustainable use of groundwater resources, it is necessary to accurately simulate the groundwater behavior of catchments using a surface–groundwater integrated runoff model. Most of the existing catchment runoff models have been applied to surface water management; thus, integrated runoff analysis studies that consider the interaction between surface water and groundwater are required. Due to the intensive agricultural sector in Korea and the position of rice as the staple in the Korean diet, more than 50% of groundwater abstraction is used for irrigation. Therefore, it is very important to understand the hydrological interrelationships between agricultural areas and the entire watershed. This study aimed to compare and analyze the groundwater levels in the mountainous areas and paddy field areas in the Boryeong Dam catchment through a surface–groundwater integrated runoff simulation using the Catchment Hydrologic Cycle Assessment Tool model, and to compare the hydrological responses in wet years (2010–2012) and dry years (2014–2016). The maximum difference in the monthly groundwater level in the dry years compared to the wet years was 1.07 m at the forest catchment and 0.37 m at the paddy catchment. These results indicate that the impact of drought on the groundwater level of paddy catchments is not significant compared to the forest catchments; however, drought slows the recovery of the groundwater level before the rainy season, thereby limiting the agricultural groundwater use in the catchment.

scholarly journals Development of groundwater levels as a consequense of climate change

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
M. Pásztorová ◽  
J. Skalová ◽  
J. Vitková ◽  
M. Juráková
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Rainfall Regime ◽  
Wetland Ecosystems ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Run Off ◽  
The Impact

Development of groundwater levels as a consequense of climate changeClimate change poses a significant threat to many wetland ecosystems. Wetlands exist in a transition zone between aquatic and terrestrial environments and can be affected by slight alterations in regional hydrology, which can influence climate change through air temperature changes, regional changes in a rainfall regime, surface run-off, snow, duration of the winter season, groundwater resources and evapotranspiration.Climate change in wetland areas is most significantly reflected in water levels and adjacent groundwater levels, and it can significantly change the hydroecological proportions of wetland ecosystems and endanger rare wetland fauna and flora communities. The focus of this paper is the impact of climate change on the groundwater level in the Záhorie Protected Landscape area in the Zelienka national nature reservation. The impact of the climate change was solved through the meteorological characteristic changes adapted by the GISS98 and CCCM2000 climatic scenarios. The groundwater level was determined by the HYDRUS-ET model for the time frames 2010, 2030 and 2075 in 20-year time intervals and consequently compared to the reference period of 1971-1990.

scholarly journals Seasonal and Inter-Annual Variability of Groundwater and Their Responses to Climate Change and Human Activities in Arid and Desert Areas: A Case Study in Yaoba Oasis, Northwest China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanhuan Li ◽  
Yudong Lu ◽  
Ce Zheng ◽  
Xiaonan Zhang ◽  
Bao Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Warming Trend ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Quantitative Calculation

Climate change and human activities have profound effects on the characteristics of groundwater in arid oases. Analyzing the change of groundwater level and quantifying the contributions of influencing factors are essential for mastering the groundwater dynamic variation and providing scientific guidance for the rational utilization and management of groundwater resources. In this study, the characteristics and causes of groundwater level in an arid oasis of Northwest China were explored using the Mann–Kendall trend test, Morlet wavelet analysis, and principal component analysis. Results showed that the groundwater level every year exhibited tremendous regular characteristics with the seasonal exploitation. Meanwhile, the inter-annual groundwater level dropped continuously from 1982 to 2018, with a cumulative decline depth that exceeded 12 m, thereby causing the cone of depression. In addition, the monthly groundwater level had an evident cyclical variation on the two time scales of 17–35 and 7–15 months, and the main periodicity of monthly level was 12 months. Analysis results of the climatic factors from 1954 to 2018 observed a significant warming trend in temperature, an indistinctive increase in rainfall, an inconspicuous decrease in evaporation, and an insignificant reduction in relative humidity. The human factors such as exploitation amount, irrigated area, and population quantity rose substantially since the development of the oasis in the 1970s. In accordance with the quantitative calculation, human activities were decisive factors on groundwater level reduction, accounting for 87.79%. However, climate change, including rainfall and evaporation, which contributed to 12.21%, still had the driving force to change the groundwater level in the study area. The groundwater level of Yaoba Oasis has been greatly diminished and the ecological environment has deteriorated further due to the combined effect of climate change and human activities.

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