scholarly journals Seasonal Fluxes of Dissolved Nutrients in Streams of Catchments Dominated by Swidden Agriculture in the Maya Forest of Belize, Central America

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 664
Author(s):  
David Buck ◽  
Peter Esselman ◽  
Shiguo Jiang ◽  
Joel Wainwright ◽  
Mark Brenner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Central America ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutrient Budget ◽  
Tropical Streams ◽  
Nutrient Export ◽  
Swidden Agriculture ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Hydrologic Controls ◽  
Stream Biogeochemistry

The biogeochemistry of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in tropical streams and rivers is strongly regulated by the pronounced seasonality of rainfall and associated changes in hydrology. Land use and land cover change (LULCC) can also be a dominant driver of changes in stream biogeochemistry yet responses are not fully understood and vary across different LULCC scenarios. We measured dissolved and total nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations in four tributary streams of the Temash River watershed in southern Belize, Central America. The dominant land use practice in each of the four study catchments was swidden agriculture. We documented a strong seasonal control on the export of nutrients from these study systems with daily N fluxes increasing approximately 10-fold during the onset of the rainy season. P fluxes increased almost 4-fold during the same time period. Comparisons with nutrient export coefficients from other tropical streams suggest that nutrient export in streams of the Temash River watershed is similar or slightly lower. Establishing improved understanding of the terrestrial and hydrologic controls of N and P transport across the terrestrial-aquatic boundary and developing a comprehensive nutrient budget that includes inputs and outputs associated with crop production is warranted in future work.

The main directions of scientific support for the implementation of the system of organic farming in Ukraine

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (90) ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
V.F. Kaminskyi ◽  
S.G. Korsun
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Scientific Support ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Organic Crop Production ◽  
Advanced Production ◽  
And Training ◽  
Organizational Issue

The aim of this work was to study the basic directions of scientific support introduction of organic farming in Ukraine. The study used methods of comparison, synthesis, analysis, induction and deduction. The article indicated on the main areas that need special attention from researchers and suggests one possible mechanism to remove the remaining obstacles to organizational issue introduction of scientific developments in the production of organic and training areas. This can speed up the creation of new and manage existing land ownership and land use organic farming with the introduction of advanced production technology of organic crop production.

Deferring Crisis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Stewart Mauldin
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Shifting Cultivation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Antebellum South ◽  
Westward Expansion ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Land Use Practices ◽  
Ecological Regime

This chapter explores the ecological regime of slavery and the land-use practices employed by farmers across the antebellum South. Despite the diverse ecologies and crop regimes of the region, most southern farmers employed a set of extensive agricultural techniques that kept the cost of farming down and helped circumvent natural limits on crop production and stock-raising. The use of shifting cultivation, free-range animal husbandry, and slaves to perform erosion control masked the environmental impacts of farmers’ actions, at least temporarily. Debates over westward expansion during the sectional crisis of the 1850s were not just about the extension of slavery, they also reflected practical concerns regarding access to new lands and fresh soil. Both were necessary for the continued profitability of farming in the South.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Approaches to Regional Land-Use Capability Analysis for Agricultural Land-Planning

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 458
Author(s):  
Tara A. Ippolito ◽  
Jeffrey E. Herrick ◽  
Ekwe L. Dossa ◽  
Maman Garba ◽  
Mamadou Ouattara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Agricultural Potential ◽  
Fertility Data ◽  
Using Data

Smallholder agriculture is a major source of income and food for developing nations. With more frequent drought and increasing scarcity of arable land, more accurate land-use planning tools are needed to allocate land resources to support regional agricultural activity. To address this need, we created Land Capability Classification (LCC) system maps using data from two digital soil maps, which were compared with measurements from 1305 field sites in the Dosso region of Niger. Based on these, we developed 250 m gridded maps of LCC values across the region. Across the region, land is severely limited for agricultural use because of low available water-holding capacity (AWC) that limits dry season agricultural potential, especially without irrigation, and requires more frequent irrigation where supplemental water is available. If the AWC limitation is removed in the LCC algorithm (i.e., simulating the use of sufficient irrigation or a much higher and more evenly distributed rainfall), the dominant limitations become less severe and more spatially varied. Finally, we used additional soil fertility data from the field samples to illustrate the value of collecting contemporary data for dynamic soil properties that are critical for crop production, including soil organic carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen.

Phthalate esters in surface water of Songhua River watershed associated with land use types, Northeast China

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 7688-7698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhidan Wen ◽  
Xiaoli Huang ◽  
Dawen Gao ◽  
Ge Liu ◽  
Chong Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Phthalate Esters ◽  
Songhua River ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Land Use Types

Land-use change on Mount Gede, Indonesia, reduced native earthworm populations and diversity

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Darmawan ◽  
Tri Atmowidi ◽  
Wasmen Manalu ◽  
Bambang Suryobroto
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Managed Forest ◽  
Earthworm Species ◽  
Mixed Plantation

The conversion of natural forest to agroforestry plantations and annual cropping systems alters the soil habitat and food resources for biota, including earthworms. Native earthworm species may disappear whereas exotic species with greater tolerance of disturbance and less niche specialisation may thrive. The objective of the study was to compare the earthworm diversity in managed forest and agroforestry systems, which were cultivated for mixed plantation and annual crop production on Mount Gede, Indonesia. All the habitats in the study area were impacted by humans. The forest habitat was a managed forest, with a permanent tree cover, whereas mixed plantation had a partial shrub cover. Meanwhile, homogenous plantation was cultivated with annual crops. Among 3787 individuals collected during July–October 2012, five Oriental earthworm species were identified in the soil communities of Mount Gede: Drawida nepalensis, Notoscolex javanica, Pheretima pura-group, Polypheretima moelleri, and Polypheretima sempolensis. Also, 18 species were found that are reported to be non-Oriental in origin. Anthropogenic disturbance of forests on Mount Gede, due to conversion into plantations, alters the earthworm environment by increasing soil water content, temperature and total phosphorous content, while decreasing organic carbon. N. javanica was the only native species to survive this deforestation, while the exotic Ocnerodrilus occidentalis and Pontoscolex corethrurus thrived, becoming the eudominant species. From the forest area to the mixed and homogenous plantations, the predicted decreasing diversity is evidenced by the lowering trend of Shannon’s diversity index. In conclusion, the land-use change into mixed plantations and annual croplands has reduced earthworm diversity in this region of Mount Gede, Indonesia.

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