scholarly journals Permeable Reactive Barriers for Preventing Water Bodies from a Phosphorus-Polluted Agricultural Runoff-Column Experiment

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bus ◽  
Agnieszka Karczmarczyk ◽  
Anna Baryła
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Column Experiment ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barriers ◽  
P Loss ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Reactive Barriers

This paper aims to examine the potential of permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) as an in-situ removal approach for phosphate polluted agricultural runoff. Four different reactive materials (RMs) of: autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC), Polonite®, zeolite and limestone were tested. The study was conducted as a column experiment with a sandy loam soil type charging underlying RM layers with phosphorus (P) and a soil column without RM as a reference. The experiment was carried out over 90 days. During this time the P-PO4 load from the reference column equaled 6.393 mg and corresponds to 3.87 kg/ha. Tested RMs are characterized by high P-PO4 retention equaling 99, 98, 88 and 65% for Polonite®, AAC, zeolite and limestone, respectively. At common annual P loss rates of 1 kg/ha from intensively used agricultural soils, the PRB volume ranged from 48 to 67 m3 would reduce the load between 65 and 99% for the RMs tested in this study.

Reductive Immobilization of Rhenium in Water and Soil Using Stabilized Iron Nanoparticles

2011 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 313-318
Author(s):  
Qing Wei Ding ◽  
Tian Wei Qian
Keyword(s):  
Iron Nanoparticles ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Column Experiments ◽  
Effective Agent ◽  
New Class ◽  
Reductive Immobilization ◽  
Loam Soil

Laboratory batch and column experiments were conducted to investigate the feasibility of using a new class of stabilized zero-valent iron (ZVI) nanoparticles for in situ reductive immobilization of Re (VI) in water and in a sandy loam soil. Column experiments indicated that the stabilized ZVI nanoparticles are highly deliverable in the soil column. The stabilized ZVI nanoparticles may serve as a highly soil-dispersible and effective agent for in situ reductive immobilization of rhenium soils, groundwater, or industrial wastes.

Leaching and mobility of carbofuran from granular and alginate controlled release formulations

2000 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. MAREI ◽  
H. R. SOLTAN ◽  
A. MOUSA ◽  
A. KHAMIS
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Flooded Soil ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Controlled Release Formulations ◽  
Loam Soil

Controlled release (CR) formulations can significantly influence the fate of carbofuran in the environment. The influence of three alginate-encapsulated CR formulations compared with the granular formulation (G10%) on the mobility of carbofuran in sandy clay loam soil and sandy loam soil was investigated. In flooded soil the leaching potential of the three alginate controlled release formulations tested was decreased more than nine times (not more than 3%) compared with the G10% (28%). Most of the released carbofuran was confined to the top 0–5 cm of the soil column followed by the second 5–10 cm layer and the least was found in the fourth section (15–20 cm). The data obtained for a sandy loam soil irrigated by drip irrigation showed that the greatest proportion of carbofuran leached through the columns was from the G10% (52%) compared with 3–4% from CR formulations over a 30-day period. The carbofuran concentrations found in different soil depths showed similar trends to those for the flooded soil. Based on the residue levels recorded within the 20 cm depth, the relative retention ratio of carbofuran in sandy clay loam versus sandy loam soil was 1·2[ratio ]1 for the controlled release formulations and 1·9[ratio ]1 for the G10%.

The influence of biochar particle size and concentration on bulk density and maximum water holding capacity of sandy vs sandy loam soil in a column experiment

Geoderma ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 347 ◽  
pp. 194-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank G.A. Verheijen ◽  
Anna Zhuravel ◽  
Flávio C. Silva ◽  
António Amaro ◽  
Meni Ben-Hur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Column Experiment ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
Water Holding

Examination of the Penetration of Enteric Viruses in Soils under Simulated Conditions in the Laboratory

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 197-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Unsaturated Soil ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Coxsackievirus B3 ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Sand Column ◽  
Loam Soil

In two different unsaturated soil columns percolated with artificial rainwater under simulated aerated conditions, transport of coxsackievirus B3 and adenovirus 1 below 3.5 cm under the soil surface could not be demonstrated. The viruses were applied to the columns as seeded sewage sludge. Under saturated conditions transport of water-suspended coxsackievirus B3 was faster in a soil column with sandy loam soil than in a diluvial sand column.

scholarly journals Influence of wood-derived biochar on the physico-mechanical and chemical characteristics of agricultural soils

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed S.F. Ahmed ◽  
Vijaya Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Specific Influence ◽  
And Chemical Properties

AbstractAmendment of soil with biochar has been shown to enhance fertility and increase crop productivity, but the specific influence of biochar on soil workability remains unclear. Select physico-mechanical and chemical properties of clay loam and sandy loam soils were measured after amendment with wood-derived biochar of two particle size ranges (0.5-425 and 425-850 µm) at five dosages ranging from 0.5 to 10% dry weight. Whereas the clay loam soil workability decreased when the finer wood-derived biochar was applied at rates of 6 or 10%, soil fertility was not enhanced. The sandy loam soil, due to Proctor compaction, significantly decreased in bulk density with 6 and 10% wood-derived biochar amendments indicating higher soil resistance to compaction.

In‐Situ Treatment of Landfill Leachate with Permeable Reactive Barriers

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Boyes
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barriers ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Hazardous Wastes ◽  
Food Wastes ◽  
Reactive Barrier ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
Reactive Barriers

As precipitation percolates through a landfill, it comes in contact with decomposing waste ranging from food wastes to factory wastes even to hazardous wastes. That water can then leach elements from the wastes and become contaminated forming what is typically called landfill leachate. Leachate has the potential to cause many health problems if allowed to reach the groundwater and every effort is made to slow and minimize its effect. The most common way of dealing with leachate is to pump it out of the base of the landfill with a series of pipes and pumps, but what about the treatment of the leachate in‐situ through the use of a permeable reactive barrier? Is it a viable solution?

Effect of contrasting tillage procedures on the emergence of onions in relation to measured physical properties of seed beds

1987 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. North
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Mechanical Impedance ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Retention Characteristics ◽  
Rate Of Emergence ◽  
Growth Differences

SummaryA new tillage procedure was examined for the improvement in physical environment it might provide during the establishment of a vegetable crop, particularly in a dry spring. This procedure, of cultivating the soil mainly in autumn, was compared with the conventional method of cultivating in the spring on a sandy loam soil. The physical condition of seed beds prepared by the two methods was assessed by in situ measurements of soil temperature, water retention characteristics, hydraulic conductivity and surface roughness. Plant responses were compared by monitoring the emergence of onion seeds. Dry spring conditions were simulated by sheltering some plots from rain.Final emergence, emergence time and rate of emergence were all superior following autumn cultivation for both dry and wet seed beds. The major factor affecting emergence was the coarseness of the seed bed which influenced the mechanical impedance to shoot growth. Differences in soil temperature between treatments were small, as were hydraulic conductivities under dry conditions. Preparing a seed bed in autumn rather than spring resulted in a good tilth with lower mechanical strength. This minimized the constraints on emergence when soil strength increased under dry conditions.

Phosphorus and copper leaching from dredged sediment applied on a sandy loam soil: column study

Chemosphere ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1179-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Xu Chen ◽  
Guang-Wei Zhu ◽  
Guang-Ming Tian ◽  
Hua-Lin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Dredged Sediment ◽  
Column Study ◽  
Copper Leaching ◽  
Loam Soil
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