scholarly journals Allocating Water in the Mekong River Basin during the Dry Season

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Yuan ◽  
Weijun He ◽  
Zaiyi Liao ◽  
Dagmawi Degefu ◽  
Min An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Allocation ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Water Conflicts ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Transboundary River ◽  
Transboundary River Basins ◽  
Water Allocation Model ◽  
Population Numbers

With population numbers increasing and anthropogenic climate change, the amount of available fresh water is declining. This scenario can lead to an increase in the occurrence of water conflicts, especially in transboundary river basins. Prevention strategies to avert water conflicts by designing a fair, efficient, and sustainable water allocation framework are needed. Taking into account the socioeconomic and environmental differences among the riparian countries is one of the most important features an allocation scheme should have. In this article, bankruptcy and bargaining games were used to construct a new weighted water allocation model. The proposed method was applied to allocate the contested water capital of the Mekong River during the dry season. The Mekong River originates in China and flows through Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam. The results of the allocation showed that, except for China and Vietnam, all the other riparian countries get their full claim of the water demand from the river. The water allocation payoffs satisfy individual rationality, Pareto optimality, and maximization of the group utility. Therefore, the allocation outputs from the proposed scheme are self-enforceable and sustainable.

Design of water allocation model: efficiency and risk aspects

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
C. Kim ◽  
D. Han
Keyword(s):  
Water Allocation ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Proportional Allocation ◽  
Model Efficiency ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
Water Allocation Model ◽  
Allocation Methods

The primary objective of this study is to improve the methodology for water allocation focused on efficiency and risk aspects. To attain the primary objective, this study sets up an objective function to maximize social expected benefits, and considers three types of allocation methods. Three types of allocation methods are optimal, proportional, and fixed allocation between regions and service sectors. The results of case study area shows that the fixed allocation method is preferred to the proportional allocation in most cases except that the variance of flow is small with respect to efficiency. Also, efficient and less-risky allocation is simultaneously obtained in some cases, while efficiency and risk show the relation of trade-off in other cases.

scholarly journals Development of a Hydrologic and Water Allocation Model to Assess Water Availability in the Sabor River Basin (Portugal)

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (13) ◽  
pp. 2419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Maria Bessa Santos ◽  
Luís Filipe Sanches Fernandes ◽  
Rui Manuel Vitor Cortes ◽  
Fernando António Leal Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Olive Grove ◽  
Domestic Consumption ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Historical View ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Annual Water ◽  
Water Allocation Model

The Sabor River basin is a large basin (3170 km2) located in the northeast of Portugal and used mostly for agroforestry. One problem this basin faces is a lack of water during the dry season, when there is a higher demand for water to irrigate crops. To solve this problem, the Portuguese government created a National Irrigation Program to finance new irrigation areas and improve existing ones. Consequently, it is necessary to evaluate the past and future water availability for agricultural and domestic consumption in the basin. This was done through the development of a hydrological and water allocation model. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to model the hydrological processes that took place in the catchment between 1960 and 2008. The MIKE HYDRO Basin was used to simulate water allocation (irrigation and domestic consumption) in a historical view and under two scenarios. The historical view used the time period 1960–2008, and the two scenarios used the same time period but with an increase in the irrigated area. The first scenario simulated the irrigation of the total irrigable area that exists in the basin. The second scenario simulated a 29% increase in the olive grove area and a 24% decrease in the resident population, according to the projection for 2060. The results show that, in the historical view, the average annual water demand deficit was 31% for domestic consumption and 70% for irrigation, which represent 1372 × 103 m3 and 94 × 106 m3 of water, respectively. In the two scenarios, the water demand deficit increased to 37% for domestic consumption and 77% for irrigation. In the first scenario, the average annual water demand deficit was 183 × 106 m3 of water for irrigation. In the second scenario, the average annual water demand deficit was 385 × 103 m3 of water for domestic consumption, and 106 × 106 m3 of water for irrigating the expanded olive grove area. These results demonstrate that Portuguese farmers can use our model as a decision support tool to determine how much water needs to be stored to meet the present and future water demand.

Impacts of water management options on flows in the Condamine River in Southern Queensland

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Overland Flows ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Water Allocation Model

This paper examines the implications for river flows of a number of water practices and potential management options in the alluvial plains of the Upper Condamine River. It is an intensively cultivated area where irrigation is limited by the availability of water resources. The practice of capturing overland flows was investigated by the development of a model that simulates the performance of clusters of offstream storages up to sub-catchment scale. Management options examined included improvement to on-farm water use efficiency, the suppression of evaporation from open water storages, increasing the depth of those storages, decreasing their number, and improved tailwater return from irrigated land. Impacts of management options were analysed using a catchment scale water allocation model.

Theory of Institutional Peace and Peacebuilding in Transboundary River Basins

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reihane Nofeli ◽  
◽  
Seyede Simin Mirhashemi Dehkordi ◽  
Hojjat Mianabadi
Keyword(s):  
River Basins ◽  
International Level ◽  
Water Conflicts ◽  
Transboundary River ◽  
Peace And Conflict Studies ◽  
Transboundary River Basins ◽  
Peace And Conflict ◽  
Library Resources ◽  
Positive Effect

ABSTRACT Social developments have led to prompt the significance of concentrating on peace and the factors influencing it throughout history. In order to analyze this concept, various theories have been proposed in the field of international relations and peace and conflict studies. Institutional peace theory is one of the prominent theories that emphasizes the role of international institutions to achieve meaningful change and cooperation among governments at the international level. Most researchers in the field of environmental challenges in general and water challenges in particular have also based liberal institutionalism in their research at the international level. Attention to the role of institutions in dealing with water conflicts and peacebuilding in transboundary river basins has led to the need to analyze the theory of institutional peace in the management of water conflicts. Accordingly, the purpose of the present study is to analyze the capacity of institutional peace theory in dealing with water conflicts in transboundary river basins. With this goal in view, while using library resources, the effectiveness of institutional peace theory in the management of water conflicts is analyzed. Based on the analyses, it can be acknowledged that despite the positive effect of water institutions in relieving water conflicts in some river basins, there are significant criticisms of this theory. KEYWORDS: Water Conflicts, Institutional Peace, Transboundary river basins, Institutionalism

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