scholarly journals Water Quality Modeling of Mahabad Dam Watershed–Reservoir System under Climate Change Conditions, Using SWAT and System Dynamics

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nazari-Sharabian ◽  
Masoud Taheriyoun ◽  
Sajjad Ahmad ◽  
Moses Karakouzian ◽  
Azadeh Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Water Quality Modeling ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Water Quality Data

The total phosphorus (TP) concentration, as the primary limiting eutrophication factor in the Mahabad Dam reservoir in Iran, was studied, considering the combined impacts of climate change, as well as the scenarios on changes in upstream TP loadings and downstream dam water allocations. Downscaled daily projected climate data were obtained from the Beijing Normal University Earth System Model (BNU-ESM) under moderate (RCP4.5) and extreme (RCP8.5) scenarios. These data were used as inputs of a calibrated Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model of the watershed in order to determine the effects of climate change on runoff yields in the watershed from 2020 to 2050. The SWAT model was calibrated/validated using the SUFI-2 algorithm in the SWAT Calibration Uncertainties Program (SWAT-CUP). Moreover, to model TP concentration in the reservoir and to investigate the effects of upstream/downstream scenarios, along with forecasted climate-induced changes in streamflow and evaporation rates, the System Dynamics (SD) model was implemented. The scenarios covered a combination of changes in population, agricultural and livestock farming activities, industrialization, water conservation, and pollution control. Relative to the year 2011 in which the water quality data were available, the SD results showed the highest TP concentrations in the reservoir under scenarios in which the inflow to the reservoir had decreased, while the upstream TP loadings and downstream dam water allocations had increased (+29.9%). On the other hand, the lowest TP concentration was observed under scenarios in which upstream TP loadings and dam water allocations had decreased (−18.5%).

scholarly journals Application of fuzzy logic in river water quality modelling for analysis of industrialization and climate change impact on Sabarmati river

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anant Patel ◽  
Karishma Chitnis
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Model ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Sabarmati River

Abstract Rivers are critical to human life because they are strategically significant in the world, providing primary water supplies for various purposes. Rivers are the prime importance of any country as most of the cities are settled near the river. Due to developmental activities and increase in population, it will results into huge waste generation. Surface water quality is affected because of increasing urbanization and industrialization. The aim of this research is to examine the effect of climate change and industrialization on the water quality of the Sabarmati river using a mathematical model. For this study four important town along the lower Sabarmati River have been considered and water quality data was considered from 2005 to 2015. In this study different water quality parameters were considered to derive water quality model. Results shows the water quality in downstream after Ahmedabad city is worst compare to the other location where the Maximum WQI is 0.71 at Rasikapur and average WQI is 0.50 for the same location for last 15 year. It has been observed that effect of monsoon and also by comparing time scale water quality model role of regulations for industrialization also plays important role in quality of Sabarmati river.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of Site-Specific BMPs Using a Spatially Explicit, Field-Scale SWAT Model with Edge-of-Field and Tile Hydrology and Water-Quality Data in the Eagle Creek Watershed, Ohio

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Merriman ◽  
Prasad Daggupati ◽  
Raghavan Srinivasan ◽  
Chad Toussant ◽  
Amy Russell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Field Scale ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Creek Watershed ◽  
The Impact

The Eagle Creek watershed, a small subbasin (125 km2) within the Maumee River Basin, Ohio, was selected as a part of the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) “Priority Watersheds” program to evaluate the effectiveness of agricultural Best Management Practices (BMPs) funded through GLRI at the field and watershed scales. The location and quantity of BMPs were obtained from the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Natural Resources Conservation Service National Conservation Planning (NCP) database. A Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was built and calibrated for this predominantly agricultural Eagle Creek watershed, incorporating NCP BMPs and monitoring data at the watershed outlet, an edge-of-field (EOF), and tile monitoring sites. Input air temperature modifications were required to induce simulated tile flow to match monitoring data. Calibration heavily incorporated tile monitoring data to correctly proportion surface and subsurface flow, but calibration statistics were unsatisfactory at the EOF and tile monitoring sites. At the watershed outlet, satisfactory to very good calibration statistics were achieved over a 2-year calibration period, and satisfactory statistics were found in the 2-year validation period. SWAT fixes parameters controlling nutrients primarily at the watershed level; a refinement of these parameters at a smaller-scale could improve field-level calibration. Field-scale modeling results indicate that filter strips (FS) are the most effective single BMPs at reducing dissolved reactive phosphorus, and FS typically decreased sediment and nutrient yields when added to any other BMP or BMP combination. Cover crops were the most effective single, in-field practice by reducing nutrient loads over winter months. Watershed-scale results indicate BMPs can reduce sediment and nutrients, but reductions due to NCP BMPs in the Eagle Creek watershed for all water-quality constituents were less than 10%. Hypothetical scenarios simulated with increased BMP acreages indicate larger investments of the appropriate BMP or BMP combination can decrease watershed level loads.

Using the Climate Assessment Tool (CAT) in U.S. EPA BASINS integrated modeling system to assess watershed vulnerability to climate change

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Imhoff ◽  
J.L. Kittle ◽  
M.R. Gray ◽  
T.E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Watershed Modeling ◽  
The United States ◽  
Water Quality Modeling ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
Climate Assessment ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

During the last century, much of the United States experienced warming temperatures and changes in amount and intensity of precipitation. Changes in future climate conditions present additional risk to water and watershed managers. The most recent release of U.S. EPA's BASINS watershed modeling system includes a Climate Assessment Tool (CAT) that provides new capabilities for assessing impacts of climate change on water resources. The BASINS CAT provides users with the ability to modify historical climate and conduct systematic sensitivity analyses of specific hydrologic and water quality endpoints to changes in climate using the BASINS models (Hydrologic Simulation Program – FORTRAN (HSPF)). These capabilities are well suited for addressing questions about the potential impacts of climate change on key hydrologic and water quality goals using the watershed scale at which most important planning decisions are made. This paper discusses the concepts that motivated the CAT development effort; the resulting capabilities incorporated into BASINS CAT; and the opportunities that result from integrating climate assessment capabilities into a comprehensive watershed water quality modeling system.

scholarly journals Evolution of Drought–Flood Abrupt Alternation and Its Impacts on Surface Water Quality from 2020 to 2050 in the Luanhe River Basin

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wuxia Bi ◽  
Baisha Weng ◽  
Zhe Yuan ◽  
Yuheng Yang ◽  
Ting Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Simultaneous Occurrence ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Luanhe River Basin ◽  
Extreme Climate

It has become a hot issue to study extreme climate change and its impacts on water quality. In this context, this study explored the evolution characteristics of drought–flood abrupt alternation (DFAA) and its impacts on total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorous (TP) pollution, from 2020 to 2050, in the Luanhe river basin (LRB), based on the predicted meteorological data of the representative concentration pathways (RCPs) climate scenarios and simulated surface water quality data of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The results show that DFAA occurred more frequently in summer, with an increasing trend from northwest to southeast of the LRB, basically concentrated in the downstream plain area, and the irrigation area. Meanwhile, most of the DFAA events were in light level. The incidence of TN pollution was much larger than the incidence of TP pollution and simultaneous occurrence of TN and TP pollution. The TN pollution was more serious than TP pollution in the basin. When DFAA occurred, TN pollution almost occurred simultaneously. Also, when TP pollution occurred, the TN pollution occurred simultaneously. These results could provide some references for the effects and adaptation-strategies study of extreme climate change and its influence on surface water quality.

scholarly journals Effect of Projected Land Use and Climate Change on Water Quality of Old Woman Creek Watershed, Ohio

Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Israel A. Olaoye ◽  
Remegio B. Confesor ◽  
Joseph D. Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Mineral Phosphorus ◽  
Global Circulation Models ◽  
Water Quality Variables ◽  
Water Quality Variable ◽  
Old Woman Creek

The separate and synergistic effects of land use and climate change on water quality variables in Old Woman Creek (OWC) watershed were evaluated using a hydrological model set up in Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for the OWC watershed. Model calibration was done using a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm and pareto optimization. The Parameter-Elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) climate data and the 20 different Global Circulation Models (GCMs) developed by the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase five (CMIP5) were used. Validation was done using the streamflow data from USGS gaging station and water quality data from the water quality lab, Heidelberg University. The simulation was divided into two land use scenarios: Scenario 1 for constant land use and Scenario 2 where land use was varied. Both land use simulations were run in four time periods to account for climate change: historical (1985–2014), current to near future (2018–2045), mid-century (2046–2075), and late-century (2076–2100) climate windows. For the historical period, the average of all the simulations made from the 20 different CMIP5 GCMs shows good agreement with the PRISM results for flow and the water quality variables of interest with smaller inter-model variability compared to PRISM results. For the other three climate windows, the results of Scenario 1 show an increase in flow and eight water quality variables (sediment (total suspended sediment), organic nitrogen, organic phosphorus (particulate p), mineral phosphorus (soluble reactive p), chlorophyll a, carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand (CBOD), dissolved oxygen, total nitrogen) across the climate windows but a slight decrease in one water quality variable, mineral phosphorus in the mid-century. The results of Scenario 2 show a greater increase in flow, and the eight water quality variables across the climate windows show a relatively larger decrease in one water quality variable (mineral phosphorus). The projected land use change has little impact compared to the projected climate change on OWC watershed in the 21st century.

scholarly journals Stream Health Estimation for the Plum Creek Watershed

Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Narayanan Kannan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Stream Health ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Daily Streamflow ◽  
Creek Watershed

Overall health of a stream is one of the powerful indicators for planning mitigation strategies. Currently, available methods to estimate stream health do not look at all the different components of stream health. Based on the statistical parameters obtained from daily streamflow data, water quality data, and index of biotic integrity (IBI), this study evaluated the impacts on all the elements of stream health, such as aquatic species, riparian vegetation, benthic macro-invertebrates, and channel degradation for the Plum Creek watershed in Texas, USA. The method involved the (1) collection of flow data at the watershed outlet; (2) identification of hydrologic change in the streamflow; (3) estimation of hydrologic indicators using NATional Hydrologic Assessment Tool (NATHAT) before alteration and after alteration periods; (4) identification of the most relevant indicators affecting stream health in the watershed based on stream type; (5) preliminary estimation of the existence of stream health using flow duration curves (FDCs); (6) the use of stream health-relevant hydrologic indices with the scoring system of the Dundee Hydrologic Regime Assessment Method (DHRAM). The FDCs plotted together for before and after the alteration periods indicated the likely presence of a stream health problem in the Plum Creek. The NATHAT–DHRAM method showed a likely moderate impact on the health of Plum Creek. The biological assessments carried out, the water quality data monitored, and the land cover during pre- and post-alteration periods documented in a publicly available federal document support the stream health results obtained from this study.

GRQA: Global River Water Quality Archive

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Virro ◽  
Giuseppe Amatulli ◽  
Alexander Kmoch ◽  
Longzhu Shen ◽  
Evelyn Uuemaa
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Water Quality Modeling ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Physically Based

<p>Recent advances in implementing machine learning (ML) methods in hydrology have given rise to a new, data-driven approach to hydrological modeling. Comparison of physically based and ML approaches has shown that ML methods can achieve a similar accuracy to the physically based ones and outperform them when describing nonlinear relationships. Global ML models have been already successfully applied for modeling hydrological phenomena such as discharge.</p><p>However, a major problem related to large-scale  water quality modeling has been the lack of available observation data with a good spatiotemporal coverage. This has affected the reproducibility of previous studies and the potential improvement of existing models. In addition to the observation data itself, insufficient or poor quality metadata has also discouraged researchers to integrate the already available datasets. Therefore, improving both, the availability, and quality of open water quality data would increase the potential to implement predictive modeling on a global scale.</p><p>We aim to address the aforementioned issues by presenting the new Global River Water Quality Archive (GRQA) by integrating data from five existing global and regional sources:</p><ul><li>Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators program (CESI)</li> <li>Global Freshwater Quality Database (GEMStat)</li> <li>GLObal RIver Chemistry database (GLORICH)</li> <li>European Environment Agency (Waterbase)</li> <li>USGS Water Quality Portal (WQP)</li> </ul><p>The resulting dataset contains a total of over 14 million observations for 41 different forms of some of the most important water quality parameters, focusing on nutrients, carbon, oxygen and sediments. Supplementary metadata and statistics are provided with the observation time series to improve the usability of the dataset. We report on developing a harmonized schema and reproducible workflow that can be adapted to integrate and harmonize further data sources. We conclude our study with a call for action to extend this dataset and hope that the provided reproducible method of data integration and metadata provenance shall lead as an example.</p>

scholarly journals Combining hydro-economic and water quality modeling for optimal management of a degraded watershed

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1118-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelos Alamanos ◽  
Dionysios Latinopoulos ◽  
Stefanos Xenarios ◽  
Georgios Tziatzios ◽  
Nikitas Mylopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Modeling ◽  
Water Quality Modeling ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Quality Aspects

Abstract Increase of economic and productivity efficiencies intensifies environmental pressures, too. Agriculture is one of the most common examples of this phenomenon. The sector is lacking proper management, which is especially prominent in Mediterranean areas. To address the situation, a holistic modeling approach, combining hydrological, economic and water quality aspects, is recommended for implementation in a Greek watershed. The broader area is degraded regarding its water availability, quality, and management. The model provides insights into water balance, net profit from agricultural activities, presents water quality data from simulations, and introduces two useful parameters informing the decision-maker's knowledge and understanding: the deficit irrigation water's value and a hydro-economic index which estimates (socio-)economic benefits over environmental balance. A combined demand-management plan is also examined considering the above outputs in investigating the multiple effects of the suggested policy measures. Furthermore, to discuss the optimal approach depending on data availability and scope, we compare two different settings of the proposed model. The results of the study confirmed the continuous quantitative and qualitative water resources' deterioration and economic overexploitation of the watershed. The study reveals the immediate need for management actions, integrated modeling approaches, and provides future recommendations on hydro-economic modeling.

scholarly journals Water quality modeling for determination of suitability of water for shrimp farming in tidal rivers

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-46
Author(s):  
Navid Dolatabadi Farahani ◽  
Hamid Taheri Shahraiyni ◽  
Reza Sheikhi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Channels ◽  
Water Quality Modeling ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Standard Values

Abstract In this study, the water quality of the Bahmanshir River and its water channels where Choebdeh Shrimp Farms (the largest shrimp culture complex in Iran) are located were simulated using MIKE11 software. First, an integrated hydraulic and salinity model of the river and its water channels was developed. Then, Manning and dispersion coefficients of the river were calibrated and validated. The most important parameters in the water quality model were determined by sensitivity analysis and these parameters were calibrated using in situ measured water quality data. The errors of salinity, temperature, nitrate, ammonia and dissolved oxygen (DO) models in the verification step were 7.9, 1.2, 0.34, 0.79 and 12%, respectively. Then, two scenarios were applied to the river and the effects of these scenarios on the water quality of the river and its channels were evaluated. The results demonstrated that the site selection of the shrimp culture complex had been performed well because different scenarios could not affect the water quality in the channels. Finally, the water quality in the channels was compared with the standard values of shrimp survival parameters. All of the parameters in the channels were in the range of standard values except DO, which was slightly under the standard value.

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