scholarly journals Examining Water Security in the Challenging Environment in Togo, West Africa

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mawulolo Yomo ◽  
Khaldoon A. Mourad ◽  
Masamaeya D. T. Gnazou
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Governmental Institutions

Water shortages across the globe have increased due to climate change among other factors with negative impacts expected at the river basin level. Anticipating these impacts will help experts act in a timely manner to avoid a future water crisis. As part of addressing the future water shortage impacts on the Togolese community, this paper assessed water security in the context of the global environmental change in the Oti River Basin taking Oti Nord sub-basin (ONSB) as a case study. Key informants’ interviews were done with staff from governmental institutions, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), community-based organizations, and private operators. The Improved Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Model (IFCEM) was used for assessing water security (WS). A basin level WS evaluation system including five subcomponents (external environment security, water resources security, water-society security, water economic security, and water-environment security) and 23 indicators related to climate, socio-economy, water availability, and consumption were constructed. The results showed that the water level is very insecure in the sub-basin for the assessed years (2010, 2015, and 2025) with the year 2025 being the worst (expected a decrease of water security by 20% and 1% in 2025 compared to the years 2015 and 2010, respectively). This insecurity is found to be the result of many factors including technical, institutional, juridical, environmental, socio-cultural, hydrogeological, and demographical factors. However, managerial factors such as institutional instability, the inadequacies in water and related sector evolution, and the absence of de-centralized water management structures, the non-operationalization of management organs/financial instruments, and culture (i.e. taboos and bylaws) are found to be key to the study area. The paper concluded that the operationalization of management organs/financial instruments may enable the application of adopted water policies and regulations, which may lead to a sound and coordinated management of the available water resources since this will enable the government’s self-investment in clean water provision, data acquisition (potential water available and the estimation of economic driven potential water needs, which are key for any sound development), and a stimulated joined effort from the existing institutions. In addition, the establishment of a sound waste management system and awareness raising, and educative activities regarding water pollution will be of great benefit for this cause.

scholarly journals Analysis on the evolution trend of water resources and water environment in Xiangjiang River basin

2018 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 02030
Author(s):  
Xingyi Xu ◽  
Chuqiu Xiao ◽  
Chunyan Hu ◽  
Guiyuan Li ◽  
Xiang Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Xiangjiang River ◽  
Flood Season ◽  
Xiangjiang River Basin ◽  
Evolution Trend

According to the daily flow data collected by three representative hydrological stations in the Xiangjiang River basin which are the Guiyang station in the upstream section, the Hengshan station in the midstream section, and the Xiangtan station in the downstream section, and the water environment data collected from the Hunan Water Resources Bulletin, Mann-Kendal method was used to analyze the changes of the annual average flow of the Xiangjiang River basin in the past 20 years as well as the variation of water environment quality in the whole year, flood season and non-flood season. Based on these analysis, the evolution trend of water resources and water environment in the Xiangjiang River basin is further forecasted. The results show that the annual runoff of the upper reaches of the Xiangjiang River basin tends to be stable, and the runoff of the middle and lower reaches is decreasing. The water quality of the Xiangjiang River basin got deteriorated from 1996 to 2010. A sudden change occurred around 2012, and the water quality of the basin gradually improved.

Assessment on Emergent Pollution Emergency of Water Environment of Qinghe River Basin Based on Fuzzy Integrated Evaluation Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 570-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Guan Ma ◽  
Xue Ning Liu
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Index System ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Evaluation Index System ◽  
Fuzzy Degree ◽  
Emergency Decision ◽  
Emergency System

For making timely and correct decisions for emergent pollution emergency of the water environment, combined with fuzzy integrated evaluation method, the model for the evaluation of emergency is established. Qinghe river basin is estimated in 3-level fuzzy integrated evaluation from 6 aspects. The results show that the score of emergent pollution emergency of the water environment of Qinghe river assessment is 3.9273,which close to a good level. The capacity of emergency support and emergency response is superior, and the abilities of emergency prevention, emergency decision-making and emergency recovery are relatively general, which should be completed.Emergent pollution emergency of the water environment is affected by many factors, a multi-target integrated evaluation system should be established. At present, the emergent pollution emergency system of water environment in our country still needs to be improved, the construction of which started relatively late, and the evaluation of which is at the exploration stage. To find the existing problems and shortcomings in emergency system of emergent pollution in water environment, the emergency evaluation index system is established, which improve the water environmental pollution emergency system. However, most of the indicators building the index system are qualitative, which has certain fuzziness when being estimated. Meanwhile it exists certain fuzziness when expressing characterizing attributes of the degree of realization and level of most evaluation indicators, and it is difficult to use specific, accurate data for quantitative description, generally it is expressed by fuzzy degree concepts like ‘Excellent, good, medium, qualified, bad’ and so on. Therefore, the emergent pollution of water environment is estimated by fuzzy integrated evaluation method in this paper.

Evaluation of Water Resources Carrying Capacity Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation on River Basin in Arid Zone

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 488-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Jian Wang ◽  
Guang Yang ◽  
Hai Liang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Water Resources Carrying Capacity

The water resources carrying capacity is an important component of natural resource carrying capacity in a country or region sustained development process. It is the key being related to using the water resources reasonably, which means vital to the sustained growth of the water resources, the social economy and the ecological environment concordant development.Taking the case of river basin in arid zone of the Manasi River Basin,The author evaluated water resources supporting capacity condition basin in different year of the Manasi River by establishing fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model. The results indicated that because of saving water technological progress and industry restructure advancement, the water resources carrying capacity of Manasi River will be improved in the future twenty years. The water resources supply and demand contradictory will be obtained certain alleviation, but the uneven of water resources space and time distribution is still the main restrictive factor of the development of society and economic and the ecological environment construction.

scholarly journals Analysis of water yield service of Lianshui River Basin in China based on ecosystem services flow model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zou ◽  
DeHua Mao
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Security Assessment ◽  
Service Flow

Abstract Water security assessment is very important to social development. However, most studies only focus on the status quo of water security in a static state and ignore the flow characteristics of water resources into the water security assessment. This paper integrates multi-source data to construct a water supply and service supply-demand balance and spatial flow model in the Lianshui River Basin, simulates the spatial pattern of the service flow of the aquatic water ecosystem in the Lianshui River Basin from 1990 to 2018, and quantifies the service flow. Results show that (1) From 1990 to 2018, the water supply in the Lianshui River Basin first decreased, then increased, and finally decreased. Water yield was the highest in 2010 and lowest in 2000. (2) Water demand increased year by year, and the amount of area with a poor water resource security index increased, indicating that water security was deteriorating. (3) The four main beneficiary areas in the basin are the urban area of Lianyuan City, the county seat of Shuangfeng County, the Louxing District of Loudi City, and the urban area of Xiangxiang City and nearby towns. The service flow showed the same changing trend as the water yield. In 2018, the water resource gap in the beneficiary area was as high as 4.49 billion m3. Local governments should actively build a water-saving society, improve the efficiency of industrial and agricultural water-saving and residents' awareness of water-saving, and improve the water resources in the river basin. The research can provide a scientific basis for realizing the sustainable development of water resources in the Lianshui River Basin and improving the ecological compensation mechanism, and can also provide references for water resources management in other river basins.

The Evaluation of Decentralized Wastewater Reuse Based on Environmental Accounting

2014 ◽  
Vol 884-885 ◽  
pp. 170-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Jun Liu ◽  
Ying Jun Wei
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Environmental Accounting ◽  
Wastewater Reclamation ◽  
Wastewater Reclamation And Reuse

Decentralized wastewater reclamation and reuse project as a useful complement of Centralized sewage treatment and reuse is a good way to solve water shortages and water environment pollution in urban and surrounding areas. Then the investors tend to focus on the projects financial economic effectiveness when making decisions, hindered the development of decentralized wastewater reclamation and reuse project. To promote decentralized wastewater reclamation and reuse projects rapid growth, proposed decentralized wastewater reclamation and reuse Evaluation System and Model based on environment accounting perspective. Through analyze a project by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model in university in Xi'an. The result shows that this project not only has a good economic benefit, but also they can improve the environment and promote sustainable development of society.

Comprehensive Evaluation of Water Resources Carrying Capacity in Jiansanjiang Branch Bureau

2011 ◽  
Vol 204-210 ◽  
pp. 834-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Lv ◽  
Dong Liu ◽  
Fei Fei Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Water Resources Carrying Capacity ◽  
Grey Correlation Analysis ◽  
Matter Element Model

Aiming at water security issues existed in water resources development and utilization, studied the water resources carrying capacities of fifteen farms in Jiansanjiang branch bureau in 2008. Used grey correlation analysis to establish evaluation indices system. Entropy theory was introduced into weight calculation. Synthesized evaluation results of traditional matter-element model, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model and fuzzy matter-element model to grade water resources carrying capacities. The results show that water resources carrying capacities of Farm Shengli, Qindeli, Qianshao and Qianfeng are gradeⅠ; carrying capacities of Farm 859, Daxing, Qinglongshan, Qianjin, Honghe, Yalvhe and Nongjiang are gradeⅡ; carrying capacities of Farm Qixing, Chuangye, Hongwei and Erdaohe are gradeⅢ. The study achievements provide scientific evidences for water resources protection and sustainable utilization in Jiansanjiang branch bureau.

Study on evaluation index system of sustainable development of mine water resources based on PSO-AHP model and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Liu ◽  
Haiyan Liu ◽  
Zheng Wan ◽  
Lifei Wang ◽  
Qiong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Index System ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Index System ◽  
Evaluation Index ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Ahp Model ◽  
The Impact

Water resources is an important basic energy. The determination of weights is one of the important indexes in water resources evaluation system and reasonable allocation of weights is the key to quantitative evaluation. In order to establish a scientific evaluation index system of the influence of mining disturbance on water resources for purpose of a more reliable and effective evaluation result and realizing the protection of water resources system, a comprehensive evaluation system of water resources based on PSO-AHP model is proposed in the paper. Combined with the specific geological environment characteristics of mines, this paper establishes a four-level evaluation index system after identifying the factors affecting water resources and ecological environment. By applying the particle swarm optimization (PSO) to the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, a PSO-AHP model and then a fitness function are constructed to solve and optimize the weight values in the evaluation index system, and the calculated weight values are checked by consistency checking method. The evaluation results suggest that the index system can accurately reflect the impact of mining on water resources and water ecological environment and etc., providing certain reference value for sewage resourcing and reducing the harmful effect on environment by sewage discharge.

scholarly journals Research on Comprehensive Evaluation and Coordinated Development of Water Resources Carrying Capacity in Qingjiang River Basin, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10091
Author(s):  
Yujie Wei ◽  
Ran Wang ◽  
Xin Zhuo ◽  
Haoying Feng
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Evaluation Index System ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Coordinated Development ◽  
Suitability Evaluation ◽  
Water Resources Carrying Capacity ◽  
Qingjiang River

The protection of a water resource’s ecological environment is one of the most important tasks in the watershed in China. The evaluation of water resources carrying capacity (WRCC) is the foundation for the suitability of territorial space development. It is necessary to further analyze the weaknesses of the coordinated development of various dimensions of WRCC and explore the basis of territorial space development and optimization. This paper considers Chinese unique policy tasks, namely, “three water management together”, the types of main function areas, “red lines” control, and national spatial suitability evaluation, to construct the evaluation index system of WRCC. Monomial evaluation, integrated evaluation, and coupling coordination analysis methods are used separately to evaluate the carrying index, comprehensive carrying index, and coupling coordination degree of WRCC in the Qingjiang River Basin. The results show that: (1) As far as monomial evaluation is concerned, water resource supplies are often overloaded on the overall economy, industrial, and agricultural development; (2) The comprehensive indices of WRCC of the counties in the southwest are obviously better than that of the counties in the northeast; (3) The degree of coupling coordination of WRCC in the Qingjiang River Basin is not high, and is essentially in the primary or barely coordinated level; (4) the short board of WRCC in the Qingjiang River Basin presents obvious spatial characteristics, which from west to east are water environment, water resources and water ecology lagging, respectively. This paper measures WRCC for industry, agriculture, life, and ecology, which is helpful in promoting the suitability evaluation of land space development. Meanwhile, the case study of the Qingjiang River Basin provides reference for other regions to implement the “double evaluation”.

scholarly journals Analysis on the influence of runoff trend in the Liusha River Basin of Xishuangbanna

2021 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 02010
Author(s):  
Zhen Ling ◽  
Shan Xu ◽  
Minghua Dong ◽  
Guojian Feng ◽  
Hong Huo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Runoff Change

In recent decades, there are lots of the changes of land use in the Liusha River basin in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province. The large-scale replacement of natural forests by rubber plantation have had a certain impact on the ecological environment and water resources in the Liusha River basin. Based on the data of runoff, rainfall and evaporation from 1963 to 2015 measured by Menghai Hydrological Station of Liusha River, the effects of climate change and human activities on the ecological environment of Liusha River runoff and the degree of change were analyzed by using the comparison method of slope change rate of runoff accumulation. The research results show that the cumulative amount of runoff flow after mutation presents significant decrease trend from 1963 to 2015. Because of the Liusha river runoff change decision which residents downstream watershed water security, the runoff of the ecological environment situation and analysis, the protection of natural resources such as forests and the effective protection of regional water resources sustainable development has important guiding significance.

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