scholarly journals Hydrometeorological Conditions for the Occurrence of Aeolian Processes on the Southern Baltic Coast in Poland

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Hojan ◽  
Jacek Tylkowski ◽  
Mirosław Rurek
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Aeolian Processes ◽  
Baltic Coast ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Southern Baltic ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Geomorphological Changes ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Hydrometeorological Conditions

This article presents the temporal and spatial variability of hydrometeorological conditions conducive aeolian processes on the Southern Baltic coastal zone in Poland. The analysis made use of daily meteorological (wind, temperature, and rainfall) and hydrological (sea level) data from 1961 to 2010. Data for four stations (Świnoujście, Kołobrzeg, Ustka, Hel) were provided by the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management in Warsaw. A time decomposition of hydrometeorological conditions conducive to the initiation and intensification of aeolian processes in the coastal zone was also performed. In addition to their scientific significance, the temporal and spatial conditions for aeolian processes on the Baltic coast of Poland have an essential utilitarian significance. Modern aeolian processes on the Baltic coast limit the development potential of the coastal zone. Aeolian processes have a positive and negative impact on geomorphological transformation of the sea coast. They take part in the reconstruction of the beach and foredunes after storms. In periods between storms, coastal wind is seen to decrease the balance of beach sediments and lowers the beach area. On the other hand, onshore wind favors, among other things, filling of tourist infrastructure and development located at the hinterland of the beach and dunes. Hydrometeorological conditions especially favorable to the intensification of aeolian processes are the main determinants of geomorphological changes in the coastal zone (some of which can be extreme). Temporal and spatial analysis of hydrometeorological conditions conducive to aeolian processes is important for many areas of human activity, especially those concerning protection, management, and development of the coast.

Impact of hydrometeorological conditions on the Southern Baltic cliff coast development in the annual and long-term weather cycle

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Tylkowski ◽  
Andrzej Kostrzewski ◽  
Marcin Winowski
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
Estimation Of Parameters ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Time Decomposition ◽  
Geomorphological Processes ◽  
Southern Baltic ◽  
Hydrometeorological Conditions

<p>To determine the specificity of functioning the Southern Baltic coasts, it is necessary to identify the hydrometeorological conditions that have the greatest effect on the dynamics of geomorphological processes in detail. For the offshore coastal zone, it is important to determine temporal variability (including trend, cyclicality and seasonality) and spatial diversity (i.e. for cliff and dune coasts) of occurrence of main hydrometeorological and geomorphological processes and events. Among hydrometeorological and geomorphological factors - which are decisive for violent, intense and sometimes irreversible changes in the natural environment - extreme events play an important and sometimes dominant role (Tylkowski, Hojan 2018).</p><p>Geomorphological changes of the cliff coast depend mainly on the dynamics of marine and slope erosion. The high sea level that occurs during storm swells and intense precipitation lead to the transformation of the cliff coast, which is seen in the retraction of the cliff crown, among others (Kostrzewski et al. 2015).</p><p>The purpose of the work was to determine the temporal variability of hydrometeorological conditions, which have the greatest effect on the dynamics of the erosion of the cliff shores of the Wolin island. Hydrometeorological conditions from 1985 – 2019 period were compared to the annual measurements of the cliff crown retraction, which were carried out on 5 test sections in the coastal zone of the Pomeranian Bay on the island of Wolin. The work indicates the occurrence of above-average and extreme hydrometeorological events that potentially favoured the occurrence of erosive processes, e.g. mass movements, slopewash and aeolian erosion.</p><p>Using ARIMA modelling, time decomposition of hydrometeorological conditions was made and their short-term forecasts were formulated. The study determined non-seasonal and seasonal parameters that determine the occurrence of current and future meteorological and marine conditions. What is more, spatial differences in the scope of identification of the features of the analysed time series, estimation of parameters of selected models and the formulated forecast are indicated (Tylkowski, Hojan 2019).</p><p> </p><p> </p><p>References</p><p>Tylkowski J., Hojan M., 2018. Threshold values of extreme hydrometeorological events on the Polish Baltic coast. Water 10(10), 1337. doi:10.3390/w10101337</p><p>Kostrzewski A., Zwoliński Z., Winowski M., Tylkowski J., Samołyk M., 2015. Cliff top recesion rate and cliff hazards for the sea coast of Wolin Island (Southern Baltic). Baltica 28(2): 109-120. doi:10.5200/baltica.2015.28.10</p><p>Tylkowski J., Hojan M., 2019: Time decomposition and short-term forecasting of hydrometeorological conditions in the South Baltic coastal zone of Poland. Geosciences 9(68). doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9020068</p>

Relationships between the Baltic Sea ice extent and ice parameters in the sheltered basins of the southern Baltic coast

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-303
Author(s):  
Józef P. Girjatowicz ◽  
Małgorzata Świątek
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Coastal Lagoons ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Baltic Coast ◽  
Southern Baltic ◽  
The Baltic

AbstractIn the study, archive data on the maximum annual ice extent in the Baltic Sea (MIB) for the period 1961–2018 were used. They were obtained from the FIMR database. Data on ice parameters for the four largest southern Baltic coastal lakes: Jamno, Bukowo, Gardno and Łebsko, and for Szczecin, Puck, and Vistula Lagoons, come from the Maritime Branch of Institute of Meteorology and Water Management – National Research Institute (in Polish: Instytut Meteorologii i Gospodarki Wodnej – Panstwowy Instytut Badawczy, IMGW-PIB) in Gdynia. The time series for the lakes cover the years from 1960 to 2018, and for the lagoons – from 1946 to 2018. Three ice parameters were selected for this study: the number of days with ice, the duration of the ice season and the maximum ice thickness for a given winter. Relationships between the selected ice parameters for the studied basins and the MIB were examined using correlation and regression methods.Correlations between the MIB and values of the ice parameters for the lakes and the southern Baltic coastal lagoons do not differ significantly. Considerable differences are observed amongst the correlation coefficients for individual ice parameters and the MIB.Larger differences are found in relationships between the values of individual ice parameters in the sheltered basins and the MIB. The strongest correlation with the MIB is observed for the maximum ice thickness and the number of days with ice.

scholarly journals Land Cover Changes and Flows in the Polish Baltic Coastal Zone: A Qualitative and Quantitative Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elzbieta Bielecka ◽  
Agnieszka Jenerowicz ◽  
Krzysztof Pokonieczny ◽  
Sylwia Borkowska
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Baltic Coast ◽  
Spatiotemporal Trends ◽  
Artificial Surface ◽  
The Baltic

Detecting land cover changes requires timely and accurate information, which can be assured by using remotely sensed data and Geographic Information System(GIS). This paper examines spatiotemporal trends in land cover changes in the Polish Baltic coastal zone, especially the urbanisation, loss of agricultural land, afforestation, and deforestation. The dynamics of land cover change and its impact were discussed as the major findings. The analysis revealed that land cover changes on the Polish Baltic coast have been consistent throughout the 1990–2018 period, and in the consecutive inventories of land cover, they have changed faster. As shown in the research, the area of agricultural land was subject to significant change, i.e., about 40% of the initial 8% of the land area in heterogeneous agriculture was either developed or abandoned at about equal rates. Next, the steady growth of the forest and semi-natural area also changed the land cover. The enlargement of the artificial surface was the third observed trend of land cover changes. However, the pace of land cover changes on the Baltic coast is slightly slower than in the rest of Poland and the European average. The region is very diverse both in terms of land cover, types of land transformation, and the pace of change. Hence, the Polish national authorities classified the Baltic coast as an area of strategic intervention requiring additional action to achieve territorial cohesion and the goals of sustainable development.

scholarly journals Niełatwa archeologia klifów – przypadek stanowisk w Bagiczu

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
Marta Chmiel-Chrzanowska
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
The State ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Southern Baltic Sea ◽  
Baltic Coast ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Southern Baltic ◽  
The Baltic

The following paper presents the problem of archaeological sites located on cliffs on the Southern Baltic Sea shore. This article discusses issues related to a necessity of solving the problem of this kind of research, related to methodological, as well as documentation and preservation standards based on preliminary results of the project conducted in Bagicz area (Ustronie Morskie commune). In this region four new structures were noted on a cliff surface. The key to understand the situation of archaeological sites located on a cliff areas is the knowledge of the processes related to their formation and activity. All of them have a huge impact for the state of preservation of the cliff, however they have various intensity level depending on the part of the Baltic Coast.

METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS AFFECTING THE CURONIAN SPIT DUNE FORMATION (SOUTHEASTERN BALTIC COAST)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanna Stont ◽  
Zhanna Stont ◽  
Marina Ulyanova ◽  
Marina Ulyanova ◽  
Alexander Sergeev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Images ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Curonian Spit ◽  
Aeolian Processes ◽  
Baltic Coast ◽  
Geological Maps ◽  
Geomorphological Changes ◽  
Dune Ridge

This article presents a study of the geomorphological changes of the Curonian Spit during last century. The analysis was conducted for both geological maps and satellite images. The eastward shift the southern part of the Curonian Spit dune ridge with velocity from 2 to 5 m per year takes place. The comparison of the slopes incline directions with denudation areas was done. In addition, the meteorological parameters affecting aeolian processes on the southeastern Baltic coastal were investigated for the period of 2005-2014. On average, dunes can be dispersed by wind throughout 3617 days in a year. Velocity and direction of the wind, as well as precipitation, are of dominating importance for the dune shift.

scholarly journals A wind proxy based on migrating dunes at the Baltic coast: statistical analysis of the link between wind conditions and sand movement

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-652
Author(s):  
Svenja E. Bierstedt ◽  
Birgit Hünicke ◽  
Eduardo Zorita ◽  
Juliane Ludwig
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Dune System ◽  
Statistical Validation ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Baltic Coast ◽  
Southern Baltic ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Atmospheric Factors

Abstract. We statistically analyse the relationship between the structure of migrating dunes in the southern Baltic and the driving wind conditions over the past 26 years, with the long-term aim of using migrating dunes as a proxy for past wind conditions at an interannual resolution. The present analysis is based on the dune record derived from geo-radar measurements by Ludwig et al. (2017). The dune system is located at the Baltic Sea coast of Poland and is migrating from west to east along the coast. The dunes present layers with different thicknesses that can be assigned to absolute dates at interannual timescales and put in relation to seasonal wind conditions. To statistically analyse this record and calibrate it as a wind proxy, we used a gridded regional meteorological reanalysis data set (coastDat2) covering recent decades. The identified link between the dune annual layers and wind conditions was additionally supported by the co-variability between dune layers and observed sea level variations in the southern Baltic Sea. We include precipitation and temperature into our analysis, in addition to wind, to learn more about the dependency between these three atmospheric factors and their common influence on the dune system. We set up a statistical linear model based on the correlation between the frequency of days with specific wind conditions in a given season and dune migration velocities derived for that season. To some extent, the dune records can be seen as analogous to tree-ring width records, and hence we use a proxy validation method usually applied in dendrochronology, cross-validation with the leave-one-out method, when the observational record is short. The revealed correlations between the wind record from the reanalysis and the wind record derived from the dune structure is in the range between 0.28 and 0.63, yielding similar statistical validation skill as dendroclimatological records.

scholarly journals A wind proxy based on migrating dunes at the Baltic Coast: statistical analysis of the link between wind conditions and sand movement

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svenja E. Bierstedt ◽  
Birgit Hünicke ◽  
Eduardo Zorita ◽  
Juliane Ludwig
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Dune System ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Baltic Coast ◽  
Southern Baltic ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Atmospheric Factors

Abstract. We statistically analyse the relationship between the structure of migrating dunes in the Southern Baltic and the driving wind conditions over the past 26 years, with the long-term aim of using migrating dunes as proxy for past wind conditions at interannual resolution. Dunes as wind proxies are not a totally new idea to the scientific community, but existing studies have so far analysed the link of dune structure and wind only on temporal resolutions of decades or millennia. The present analysis is based on the dune record derived from geo-radar measurements by Ludwig et al. (2016). The dune system is located at the Baltic Sea coast of Poland and is migrating from west to east along the coast. Ludwig et al. (2016) suggested that the analysed dunes show an alternation in the sediment composition that can be used to determine the annual migration velocity which can be seen as a wind proxy. Here, we present a detailed statistical analysis of this record and calibrate it as a wind proxy. To our knowledge there are no adequate, homogeneous meteorological station data for this area available to validate this proxy. Therefore we based our analysis on a gridded regional meteorological reanalysis data set (coastDat2) over the recent decades. We include precipitation and temperature into our analysis, in addition to wind, to learn more about the dependency between these three atmospheric factors and their common influence on the dune system. We set up a statistical linear model based on the correlation between the number of days with west and south-west wind directions above a pre-defined wind speed threshold and the dune migration velocities. To some extent, the dune intervals can be seen analogous to a tree ring widths, and hence we used a proxy-validation method usually applied in dendrochronology when the available meteorological record is short, namely the cross-validation with the leave-one-out-method. This revealed correlations between the wind record from the reanalysis and the reconstructed wind record derived from the dune structure in the range of 0.28 and 0.63. Thus, our study verifies that this type of dunes can be validated with dendrochronological methods and derive acceptable validation values as a wind proxy. The identified link between the dune annual layers and wind conditions from the meteorological reanalysis was additionally supported by the co-variability between dune layers and sea-level variations in the Southern Baltic Sea. Baltic Sea level variability in winter time is known to be strongly driven by westerly winds over this region. These results, therefore, provide an independent support, solely based on observations, of the link between annual dune layers and prevailing wind conditions.

METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS AFFECTING THE CURONIAN SPIT DUNE FORMATION (SOUTHEASTERN BALTIC COAST)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanna Stont ◽  
Zhanna Stont ◽  
Marina Ulyanova ◽  
Marina Ulyanova ◽  
Alexander Sergeev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Images ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Curonian Spit ◽  
Aeolian Processes ◽  
Baltic Coast ◽  
Geological Maps ◽  
Geomorphological Changes ◽  
Dune Ridge

This article presents a study of the geomorphological changes of the Curonian Spit during last century. The analysis was conducted for both geological maps and satellite images. The eastward shift the southern part of the Curonian Spit dune ridge with velocity from 2 to 5 m per year takes place. The comparison of the slopes incline directions with denudation areas was done. In addition, the meteorological parameters affecting aeolian processes on the southeastern Baltic coastal were investigated for the period of 2005-2014. On average, dunes can be dispersed by wind throughout 3617 days in a year. Velocity and direction of the wind, as well as precipitation, are of dominating importance for the dune shift.

Temporal and spatial sedimentation rate variabilities in the eastern Gotland Basin, the Baltic Sea

Boreas ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Christiansen ◽  
Helmar Kunzendorf ◽  
Kay-Christian Emeis ◽  
Rudolf Endler ◽  
Ulrich Struck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Gotland Basin ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
The Baltic

Holocene diatom biostratigraphy of the SW Gulf of Gdańsk, Southern Baltic Sea (part III)

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Leśniewska ◽  
Małgorzata Witak
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
Gulf Of Gdańsk ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Southern Baltic Sea ◽  
Gulf Of Gdansk ◽  
Southern Baltic ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Palaeoenvironmental Changes

Holocene diatom biostratigraphy of the SW Gulf of Gdańsk, Southern Baltic Sea (part III)The palaeoenvironmental changes of the south-western part of the Gulf of Gdańsk during the last 8,000 years, with reference to the stages of the Baltic Sea, were reconstructed. Diatom analyses of two cores taken from the shallower and deeper parts of the basin enabled the conclusion to be drawn that the microflora studied developed in the three Baltic phases: Mastogloia, Littorina and Post-Littorina. Moreover, the so-called anthropogenic assemblage was observed in subbottom sediments of the study area.

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