scholarly journals Drought Analysis in the Yellow River Basin Based on a Short-Scalar Palmer Drought Severity Index

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Zhu ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Xieyao Ma ◽  
Liliang Ren ◽  
Vijay Singh
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Palmer Drought Severity Index ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Yellow River Basin ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
The Yellow River Basin ◽  
Drought Severity Index

Focusing on the shortages of moisture estimation and time scale in the self-calibrating Palmer drought severity index (scPDSI), this study proposed a new Palmer variant by introducing the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model in hydrologic accounting module, and modifying the standardization process to make the index capable for monitoring droughts at short time scales. The performance of the newly generated index was evaluated over the Yellow River Basin (YRB) during 1961–2012. For time scale verification, the standardized precipitation index (SPI), and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) at a 3-month time scale were employed. Results show that the new Palmer variant is highly correlated with SPI and SPEI, combined with a more stable behavior in drought frequency than original scPDSI. For drought trend detection, this new index is more inclined to reflect comprehensive moisture conditions and reveals a different spatial pattern from SPI and SPEI in winter. Besides, two remote sensing products of soil moisture and vegetation were also employed for comparison. Given their general consistent behaviors in monitoring the spatiotemporal evolution of the 2000 drought, it is suggested that the new Palmer variant is a good indicator for monitoring soil moisture variation and the dynamics of vegetation growth.

scholarly journals Copula-Based Drought Analysis Using Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index: A Case Study in the Yellow River Basin, China

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Wang ◽  
Zongmin Wang ◽  
Haibo Yang ◽  
Yong Zhao ◽  
Zezhong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Return Period ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Yellow River Basin ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index ◽  
The Yellow River Basin

Drought is a complex natural phenomenon that occurs throughout the world. Analyzing and grasping the occurrence and development of drought events is of great practical significance for preventing drought disasters. In this study, the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) was adopted as a drought index to quantitatively analyze the temporal evolution, spatial distribution, and gridded trend characteristics of drought in the Yellow River basin (YRB) during 1961–2015. The duration and severity of drought events were extracted based on run theory, and the best-fitted Copula models were used to combine the drought duration and severity to analyze the drought return period. The results indicated that: (1) the drought showed a non-significant upward trend in the YRB from 1961 to 2015, and drought events became more serious after the 1990s; (2) the month and season with the most serious drought was June and summer, with an average SPEI value of −0.94 and −0.70; (3) the seasons with an increasing drought trend were spring, summer, and autumn; (4) the most serious drought lasted for 16 months in the YRB, with drought severity of 12.44 and drought return period of 115.18 years; and (5) Frank-copula was found to be the best-fitted one in the YRB. The research results can reveal the evolution characteristics of drought, and provide reference and basis for drought resistance and reduction in the YRB.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Performance of Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) In Various Vegetation Regions of the Ethiopian Highlands

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-31
Author(s):  
Polina Lemenkova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Palmer Drought Severity Index ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Topographic Effects ◽  
Vegetation Monitoring ◽  
Ethiopian Highlands ◽  
Drought Severity Index

Abstract This paper focuses on the environment of Ethiopia, a country highly sensitive to droughts severely affecting vegetation. Vegetation monitoring of Ethiopian Highlands requires visualization of environmental parameters to assess droughts negatively influencing agricultural sustainable management of crops. Therefore, this study presented mapping of several climate and environmental variables including Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). The data were visualized and interpreted alongside the topographic data to evaluate the environmental conditions for vegetation. The datasets included WorldClim and GEBCO and Digital Chart of the World (DCW). Research has threefold objectives: i) environmental mapping; ii) technical cartographic scripting; iii) data processing. Following variables were visualized on seven new maps: 1) topography; 2) soil moisture; 3) T °C minimum; 4) T °C maximum; 5) Wind speed; 6) Precipitation; 7) Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). New high-resolution thematic environmental maps are presented and the utility of GMT for mapping multi-source datasets is described. With varying degrees of soil moisture (mean value of 15.0), min T°C (−1.8°C to 24°C), max T°C (14.4°C to 40.2°C) and wind speed (0.1 to 6.1 m/s), the maps demonstrate the variability of the PDSI fields over the country area (from −11.7 to 2.3) induced by the complex sum of these variables and intensified by the topographic effects notable over the Ethiopian Highlands which can be used for vegetation analysis. The paper presents seven new maps and contributes to the environmental studies of Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Changes of Soil Moisture from Multiple Sources during 1988–2010 in the Yellow River Basin, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Lou ◽  
Guojie Wang ◽  
Chan Shan ◽  
Daniel Fiifi T. Hagan ◽  
Waheed Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Yellow River Basin ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Soil Drying ◽  
Interannual Variations ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
The Yellow River Basin

Soil moisture is a key variable in terrestrial water cycle, playing a key role in the exchange of water and energy in the land-atmosphere interface. The spatiotemporal variations of soil moisture from multiple sources during 1988–2010 are evaluated against in situ observations in the Yellow River basin, China, including the Essential Climate Variable satellite’s passive microwave product (SMECV), ERA-Interim reanalysis (SMERA), the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/Department of Energy’s Reanalysis-2 (SMNCEP), and the Variable Infiltration Capacity model products (SMVIC). The seasonal soil moisture dynamics of SMECV and SMVIC appear to be consistent with SMin  situ, with significant soil drying in spring and wetting in summer. SMERA and SMNCEP, however, fail to capture the soil drying before rainy seasons. Remarkably, SMECV shows large agreement with SMin  situ in terms of the interannual variations and the long-term drying trends. SMVIC captures the interannual variations but fails to have the long-term trends in SMin  situ. As for SMERA and SMNCEP, they fail to capture both the interannual variations and the long-term soil drying trends in SMin  situ.

scholarly journals The Modified Palmer Drought Severity Index Based on the NCEP North American Regional Reanalysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1362-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingtse C. Mo ◽  
Muthuvel Chelliah
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
North American ◽  
Palmer Drought Severity Index ◽  
Grid Point ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
North American Regional Reanalysis ◽  
Regional Reanalysis ◽  
Drought Severity Index

Abstract A 32-km high-resolution modified Palmer drought severity index (MPDSI) based on the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) North American Regional Reanalysis (RR) from 1979 to 2004 is presented. The assumptions of Palmer, such as the water balance equation, the difference between observed precipitation and the climatologically expected precipitation over the maximum conditions, and the changes of the index as a function of the current index, are preserved. Many deficiencies of the original PDSI are eliminated by taking fields directly from the RR or by making better estimates. For example, fields such as potential evapotranspiration, evaporation, runoff, total soil moisture, and soil moisture change in a given month are obtained directly from the RR. The potential recharge is defined as the total soil moisture needed to reach the maximum total soil moisture at each grid point for each calendar month. The potential precipitation is defined as the maximum precipitation at each grid point for a given calendar month. The underground volumetric soil moisture includes both frozen and liquid form. Therefore, the contribution of snowmelt is taken into account inexplicitly. The questionable assumptions of two-layer soil model and the available soil moisture capacity are no longer needed. Overall, the MPDSI, when averaged over a large area and long time, often resembles the traditional PDSI based on the Palmer formula and the climate-division data. The MPDSI obeys Gaussian distribution, and so it can also be used to assess the potential for floods. Together with a consistent suite of soil moisture, surface energy, and atmospheric terms from the RR, the MPDSI can be used to monitor and diagnose drought and floods.

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