scholarly journals Contrasting Responses among Aquatic Organism Groups to Changes in Geomorphic Complexity Along a Gradient of Stream Habitat Restoration: Implications for Restoration Planning and Assessment

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliza Hasselquist ◽  
Lina Polvi ◽  
Maria Kahlert ◽  
Christer Nilsson ◽  
Lisa Sandberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stream Restoration ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Aquatic Organism ◽  
Restoration Planning ◽  
Sediment Size ◽  
Restoration Measure ◽  
Size Heterogeneity ◽  
Value Of Learning ◽  
Restoration Measures ◽  
Organism Group

Many stream restoration projects aim to increase geomorphic complexity, assuming that this increases habitat heterogeneity and, thus, biodiversity. However, empirical data supporting these linkages remain scant. Previous assessments of stream restoration suffer from incomplete quantification of habitat complexity, or a narrow focus on only one organism group and/or one restoration measure, limiting learning. Based on a comprehensive quantification of geomorphic complexity in 20 stream reaches in northern Sweden, ranging from streams channelized for timber floating to restored and reference reaches, we investigated responses of macroinvertebrates, diatoms, and macrophytes to multiple geomorphic metrics. Sediment size heterogeneity, which was generally improved in restored sites, favored macroinvertebrate and diatom diversity and macroinvertebrate abundance. In contrast, macrophyte diversity responded to increased variation along the longitudinal stream profile (e.g., step-pools), which was not consistently improved by the restoration. Our analyses highlight the value of learning across multiple restoration projects, both in identifying which aspects of restoration have succeeded, and pinpointing other measures that might be targeted during adaptive management or future restoration. Given our results, a combination of restoration measures targeting not only sediment size heterogeneity, but also features such as step-pools and instream wood, is most likely to benefit benthic biota in streams.

Long-term performance of in-stream restoration measures in boreal streams

Ecohydrology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maare Marttila ◽  
Pauliina Louhi ◽  
Ari Huusko ◽  
Aki Mäki-Petäys ◽  
Timo Yrjänä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stream Restoration ◽  
Boreal Streams ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Restoration Measures

scholarly journals Estimating the effects of restoration on ecosystem services in the Haringvliet: Mapping current and future regulating ecosystem services

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita Kopa-Ovdienko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
The State ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Restoration Measures

To improve the state of the ecosystem of the Haringvliet, an estuary in the Southwest Delta of the Netherlands, the dam, which cuts off the estuary from the sea, will be opened a little in 2018. My research aims to quantify plausible changes of the ecosystem services supply following this water management modification and accompanying habitat restoration measures. For this purpose, values of ecosystem services supply for the relevant ecosystems were collected from the literature and GIS mapping was applied. The study shows clearly that the ecosystem services supply is expected to increase in general following the restoration scenarios. The results can be used for the planning of additional restoration measures aiming to provide the highest possible supply of the ecosystem services.

scholarly journals A geomorphic assessment to inform strategic stream restoration planning in the Middle Fork John Day Watershed, Oregon, USA

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary R. O’Brien ◽  
Joseph Wheaton ◽  
Kirstie Fryirs ◽  
Peter McHugh ◽  
Nicolaas Bouwes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stream Restoration ◽  
Restoration Planning ◽  
Middle Fork ◽  
John Day

scholarly journals Waldbauliche Massnahmen für das Auerhuhn im Sonderwaldreservat Amden: ein erstes Fazit

2014 ◽  
Vol 165 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Nicolas Bircher ◽  
Harald Bugmann ◽  
Kurt Bollmann
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Species Response ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Core Areas ◽  
Restoration Measures

Silvicultural habitat restoration measures for the capercaillie in the special forest reserve of Amden: a first review As a threatened forest grouse species, the capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) depends on conservation actions in core areas of its Alpine distribution. In this study, we looked at the species' response to silvicultural measures in the special forest reserve of Amden in the canton of St. Gallen, Switzerland. Here, silvicultural measures were taken between 2006 and 2009 in stands that had previously been classified as less or not suitable for capercaillie. In summer 2010, we investigated how stands used by the species differed from unused ones by relating indirect evidence of species presence with forest structural and compositional variables. Evidence of species' habitat use was found in 12 out of 33 surveyed stands. Used stands showed a significantly higher share of bilberry in the ground vegetation layer, a higher proportion of coniferous trees and a lower canopy cover. Furthermore, the proportion of suitable habitat in immediate vicinity of the treated forest stand was higher in used stands. Our results support that habitat restoration by logging is a promising method to improve capercaillie habitat, in particular in fir-spruce forests, where the effectivity of restoration measures was higher compared to fir-beech forests. Hence, managing guidance for the future selection of stands for restoration should be based on habitat suitability of the stand itself and on an appropriate habitat quality of adjacent forest stands.

scholarly journals Evaluating Stream Restoration Projects: What Do We Learn from Monitoring?

Water ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zan Rubin ◽  
G. Kondolf ◽  
Blanca Rios-Touma
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Heterogeneity ◽  
Stream Restoration ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Ecosystem Change ◽  
Know How ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Meta Analyses

Two decades since calls for stream restoration projects to be scientifically assessed, most projects are still unevaluated, and conducted evaluations yield ambiguous results. Even after these decades of investigation, do we know how to define and measure success? We systematically reviewed 26 studies of stream restoration projects that used macroinvertebrate indicators to assess the success of habitat heterogeneity restoration projects. All 26 studies were previously included in two meta-analyses that sought to assess whether restoration programs were succeeding. By contrast, our review focuses on the evaluations themselves, and asks what exactly we are measuring and learning from these evaluations. All 26 studies used taxonomic diversity, richness, or abundance of invertebrates as biological measures of success, but none presented explicit arguments why those metrics were relevant measures of success for the restoration projects. Although changes in biodiversity may reflect overall ecological condition at the regional or global scale, in the context of reach-scale habitat restoration, more abundance and diversity may not necessarily be better. While all 26 studies sought to evaluate the biotic response to habitat heterogeneity enhancement projects, about half of the studies (46%) explicitly measured habitat alteration, and 31% used visual estimates of grain size or subjectively judged ‘habitat quality’ from protocols ill-suited for the purpose. Although the goal of all 26 projects was to increase habitat heterogeneity, 31% of the studies either sampled only riffles or did not specify the habitats sampled. One-third of the studies (35%) used reference ecosystems to define target conditions. After 20 years of stream restoration evaluation, more work remains for the restoration community to identify appropriate measures of success and to coordinate monitoring so that evaluations are at a scale capable of detecting ecosystem change.

scholarly journals Stakeholders’ Attitudes about the Transplantations of the Mediterranean Seagrass Posidonia oceanica as a Habitat Restoration Measure after Anthropogenic Impacts: A Q Methodology Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 12216
Author(s):  
Arturo Zenone ◽  
Carlo Pipitone ◽  
Giovanni D’Anna ◽  
Barbara La Porta ◽  
Tiziano Bacci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Q Methodology ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Posidonia Oceanica ◽  
Seagrass Meadows ◽  
Restoration Measure ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Four Discourses

Anthropogenic impacts on Posidonia oceanica meadows have led to a decline of this ecosystem throughout the Mediterranean. Transplantations have often been prescribed as a compensation measure to mitigate the impacts caused by coastal maritime works. Here a Q methodology approach was used to investigate the stakeholders’ attitudes in four case studies of P. oceanica transplants realized in Italian waters. Twenty-two respondents were asked to score 37 statements, and the resultant Q-sorting was analyzed via an inverse PCA using the KADE software. Four discourses, corresponding to the significant axes in the factorial analysis were identified: science and conservation (F1), oriented at a rigorous scientific approach; engineering and industry (F2), oriented at the economic development; environmentalism and participation (F3), oriented at the conservation of seagrass meadows; and transplantation-oriented (F4), oriented at the realization of transplants as compensation measures. The main conflicts and agreements between discourses are assessed and discussed, based on the analysis of the distinguishing statements that contributed to consensus or disagreement among discourses. The benefits of the Q methodology in the identification and mediation of conflicts in the four case studies are discussed, and its potential as a powerful aid in the development of a good environmental governance is acknowledged.

scholarly journals Ecohydraulic Modelling to Support Fish Habitat Restoration Measures

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Adeva-Bustos ◽  
Knut Alfredsen ◽  
Hans-Petter Fjeldstad ◽  
Kenneth Ottosson
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Physical Habitat ◽  
Concrete Wall ◽  
Main River ◽  
Before And After ◽  
General Improvement ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
Restoration Measures

Despite that hydromorphological restoration projects have been implemented since the 1940s, the key to improve the effectiveness of future restoration measures remains a challenge. This is in part related to the lack of adequate aims and objectives together with our limitations in understanding the effects on the physical habitat and ecosystems from interventions. This study shows the potential of using remote sensing techniques combined with hydraulic modelling to evaluate the success of physical restoration measures using habitat suitability as a quantifiable objective. Airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) was used to build a high-resolution two-dimensional model for Ljungan River, Sweden, using HEC-RAS 5.0. Two types of instream restoration measures were simulated according to the physical measures carried out in the river to improve salmonid habitat: (a) stones and rocks were moved from the bank sides to the main channel, and (b) a concrete wall was broken to open two channels to connect a side channel with the main river. Results showed that the hydraulic model could potentially be used to simulate the hydraulic conditions before and after instream modifications were implemented. A general improvement was found for the potential suitable habitat based on depth, velocity and shear stress values after the instream measures.

scholarly journals Pre-Disaster Restoration Measure of Preparedness for Post-Disaster Restoration in Tokyo

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itsuki Nakabayashi ◽  
◽  
Shin Aiba ◽  
Taro Ichiko
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Tokyo Metropolitan ◽  
Metropolitan Government ◽  
Restoration Measure ◽  
Post Disaster ◽  
Restoration Measures

Learning from the 1995 Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, Tokyo Metropolitan Government has been preparing the restoration and reconstruction measures from a huge amount of damages caused by next Tokyo Earthquake. We are developing the methodology of earthquake restoration exercise with local government and residents according to TMG's restoration measures. In this paper, such unique trials of pre-disaster restoration measures in Tokyo are introduced and evaluated.

scholarly journals Defining Recovery Potential in River Restoration: A Biological Data-Driven Approach

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 3339
Author(s):  
Martin A. Wilkes ◽  
Morwenna Mckenzie ◽  
Marc Naura ◽  
Laura Allen ◽  
Mike Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Restoration ◽  
Reference Conditions ◽  
River System ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Nutrient Inputs ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Restoration Planning ◽  
Recovery Potential ◽  
Restoration Measures

Scientists and practitioners working on river restoration have made progress on understanding the recovery potential of rivers from geomorphological and engineering perspectives. We now need to build on this work to gain a better understanding of the biological processes involved in river restoration. Environmental policy agendas are focusing on nature recovery, reigniting debates about the use of “natural” reference conditions as benchmarks for ecosystem restoration. We argue that the search for natural or semi-natural analogues to guide restoration planning is inappropriate due to the absence of contemporary reference conditions. With a catchment-scale case study on the invertebrate communities of the Warwickshire Avon, a fifth-order river system in England, we demonstrate an alternative to the reference condition approach. Under our model, recovery potential is quantified based on the gap between observed biodiversity at a site and the biodiversity predicted to occur in that location under alternative management scenarios. We predict that commonly applied restoration measures such as reduced nutrient inputs and the removal of channel resectioning could be detrimental to invertebrate diversity, if applied indiscriminately and without other complementary measures. Instead, our results suggest considerable potential for increases in biodiversity when restoration measures are combined in a way that maximises biodiversity within each water body.

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