scholarly journals Baseflow Contribution to Streamflow and Aquatic Habitats Using Physical Habitat Simulations

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byungwoong Choi ◽  
Hyeongsik Kang ◽  
Woong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Benthic Macroinvertebrate ◽  
Physical Habitat ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Natural Flow ◽  
Habitat Simulation ◽  
Natural Flow Regimes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

A scientific understanding of the baseflow contribution to streams and watershed processes is critical when dealing with water policy and management issues. However, most previous studies involving physical habitat simulation have been performed without considering the seepage of water from the underground into streams. Motivated by this, herein, we report an investigation of the impact of baseflow using physical habitat simulations for both dominant fish and benthic macroinvertebrate. The study area was located along the reach of the Ungcheon Stream, located 16.50 km downstream and 11.75 km upstream from the Boryeong Dam in the Republic of Korea. For the physical habitat simulation, Zacco platypus and Baetis fuscatus were selected as the target fish and benthic macroinvertebrate, respectively. The HydroGeoSphere (HGS) model (Aquanty Inc., Waterloo, ON, Canada) and the River2D model (Version 0.95a, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada) were used for hydrologic and hydraulic simulations, respectively. The Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) model was used for the habitat simulations. Three habitat variables, flow depth, velocity, and substrate, were used. To assess the impact of baseflow, this study performed a physical habitat simulation using each representative discharge, with and without considering baseflow. It was found that the baseflow effects significantly increase the habitat suitability in the study reach. To restore the aquatic habitat, a scenario for modifying dam operations through natural flow patterns is presented using the Building Block Approach (BBA). In the study, the adjusted minimum flow allocation concept was used. It was revealed that the modified dam operations significantly increased the Weighted Usable Area (WUA) by about 48% for both target species. The results indicate that modifying the dam operations through restoration to natural flow regimes but also through inclusion of the baseflow are advantageous to aquatic fish habitats.

scholarly journals Dominant Fish and Macroinvertebrate Response to Flow Changes of the Geum River in Korea

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeongsik Kang ◽  
Byungwoong Choi
Keyword(s):  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Physical Habitat ◽  
Aquatic Species ◽  
Morphology Change ◽  
Suitability Index ◽  
Natural Flow ◽  
Habitat Simulation ◽  
Target Fish ◽  
The Impact

This study presents the impact of natural flow patterns on downstream aquatic species habitats in a reach of the Geum River, Korea. The study reach is a 13.4 km long, located downstream of the Yongdam Dam. To assess such an impact, this study performed physical habitat simulations. The River2D model was used for the computation of the flow field and morphology, and the Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) model for the habitat simulation. Three habitat variables—flow depth, velocity, and substrate were used. The Zacco platypus and Baetis fuscatus were selected as the target fish and benthic macro-invertebrate, respectively. Using the building block approach (BBA), the scenarios for modifying dam operations were constructed in the study reach. Scenario 1, scenario 2, and scenario 3 were proposed by using the magnitude–duration concept, base flow allocation concept, and seasonally adjusted minimum flow allocation concept, respectively. Simulation results indicated that the scenarios’ effects significantly increased by about 14.3% for the weighted usable area (WUA). In addition, the morphology change with the restoration of flood events was investigated. It was revealed that the morphology change in the physical habitat simulations further increased by about 13% for the WUA. The change of dam operations through natural flow patterns is more advantageous to aquatic species.

Defining the natural flow regimes of boreal rivers: relationship with benthic macroinvertebrate communities

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 559-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaisa-Riikka Mustonen ◽  
Heikki Mykrä ◽  
Hannu Marttila ◽  
Ali Torabi Haghighi ◽  
Bjørn Kløve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Regimes ◽  
Benthic Macroinvertebrate ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Communities ◽  
Natural Flow ◽  
Boreal Rivers ◽  
Natural Flow Regimes

scholarly journals Application of the physical habitat simulation for fish species to assess environmental flows in an Atlantic Forest Stream in South-eastern Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Rodrigues da Costa ◽  
Tailan Moretti Mattos ◽  
Victor Hugo Fernandes ◽  
Francisco Martínez-Capel ◽  
Rafael Muñoz-Mas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Environmental Flows ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Physical Habitat ◽  
Forest Stream ◽  
Habitat Simulation ◽  
Target Fish

ABSTRACT The physical habitat simulation sub-routine of the Instream Flow Incremental Methodology (IFIM) uses hydraulic modeling and suitability indices of target fish species to predict how differences in-stream flows affect the microhabitat occupation by fish species. This habitat modelling approach was adopted to assess the ecological effects of running flows on three neotropical fish species of different orders (Bryconamericus ornaticeps , Ancistrus multispinis and Geophagus brasiliensis ).The study encompassed two reaches of an Atlantic Forest stream in Southeastern Brazil where topographic and hydraulic (depth, velocity and type of substrate) characteristics were measured to implement one-dimensional hydraulic simulation. Sub aquatic observation of fish was performed to collect data on microhabitat use and these data were used to develop habitat suitability curves that were used in the habitat simulation to obtain the habitat suitability index (HSI) and weighted usable area (WUA) versus flow curves. Upon these curves minimum and optimum environmental flows for the target fish species were proposed. Bryconamericus ornaticeps and A. multispinis selected microhabitats around 0.6 m depth, whereas G. brasiliensis showed a wider suitable range (0.35-0.9 m). All the three species were mainly observed in microhabitat with low flow velocity (0.1 m/s). Bryconamericus ornaticeps selected more frequently coarse substrate (e.g. boulders) but it appeared also over sandy substrate, whereas A. multispinis and G. brasiliensis selected preferably boulders. The range of 0.65-0.85 m3/s was found as the optimum to meet the needs of the three fish species. Our results agree with the necessary objective information to perform grounded management actions in the frame of a management program aiming at ecosystem conservation. Thereby it can be considered a successful pilot study in environmental flow assessment in an Atlantic Forest stream of Brazil.

scholarly journals A Simulation-Optimization System to Assess Dam Removal With a Focus on Environmental Degradations at Downstream

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Sedighkia ◽  
Asghar Abdoli
Keyword(s):  
Reservoir Operation ◽  
Dam Removal ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Optimization Models ◽  
Physical Habitat ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen Tension ◽  
Natural Flow ◽  
Habitat Simulation

Abstract The present study proposes and evaluates an integrated framework to assess dam removal in which downstream river habitats and reservoir operation were simulated in three different statuses including conventional reservoir operation optimization, optimal release considering environmental aspects in the structure of the optimization model and natural flow. Fuzzy physical habitat simulation was used to assess physical habitats. Moreover, ANFIS based model was utilized to simulate thermal tension and dissolved oxygen tension at downstream habitats. Particle swarm optimization was applied in the optimization models. Results of the optimization models and habitat suitability in the natural flow were compared by applying different measurement indices including reliability index, vulnerability index, The Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (NSE) and root mean square error (RMSE). Based on the results in the case study, reliability of water supply might be reduced in the optimal release for environment and demand. Furthermore, optimal release for environment is not able to protect downstream aquatics habitats properly. Thus, if protecting downstream habitats is aimed, dam removal might be logic in the case study. The main limitation of the proposed method is high computational complexities.

Identifying the influence of channel morphology on physical habitat availability for native fish: application to the two-spined blackfish (Gadopsis bispinosus) in the Cotter River, Australia

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Maddock ◽  
Martin Thoms ◽  
Katarina Jonson ◽  
Fiona Dyer ◽  
Mark Lintermans
Keyword(s):  
Life Stage ◽  
High Water ◽  
Channel Morphology ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Habitat Availability ◽  
Physical Habitat ◽  
Habitat Simulation ◽  
Marginal Zones ◽  
The Impact

The impact of channel morphology and flow on physical habitat availability for the two-spined blackfish (Gadopsis bispinosus) was assessed in the Cotter River, ACT, Australia. Physical habitat requirements for three life stages were identified based on previous field sampling in the Cotter River. Two sites were selected with contrasting channel morphology: Spur Hole, with a moderate gradient and runs and glides, and Vanity’s Crossing, with a steeper gradient, rapids, and fast-flowing pools. Physical Habitat Simulation System (PHABSIM) was used to simulate the flow v. physical habitat availability relationship for each life stage at both sites. Clear differences were apparent between sites, with Spur Hole characterised by increasing habitat with increasing flow and Vanity’s Crossing showing the opposite relationship. The nature of the channel morphology determined this difference, with Spur Hole characterised by marginal zones becoming inundated at higher flows and providing additional suitable physical habitat as discharge increases. Vanity’s Crossing does not contain similar marginal zones. Further analysis demonstrated that high water velocity was the most important factor limiting physical habitat availability at both sites. This approach demonstrates the importance of channel morphology in determining physical habitat availability and an alternative use of PHABSIM to highlight limiting factors for target species.

scholarly journals Physical Habitat Simulation with ANFIS Method

10.29007/888p ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Uk Choi ◽  
Dongkyun Im ◽  
Seung Ki Kim
Keyword(s):  
Fish Community ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Physical Habitat ◽  
Hydraulic Simulation ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Habitat Simulation ◽  
Anfis Method ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fish Monitoring

This study presents physical habitat simulations to investigate the impact of weir removal on the composition of fish community in a river. The study site is a 900 m long reach in the Gongneung-cheon Stream in Korea, at the middle of which the weir was located. Fish monitoring revealed that lentic fishes were dominant before the weir removal, however lotic fishes became dominant after the weir removal. The ANFIS method, a data-driven method, was used for the habitat simulation with River2D for hydraulic simulation. The distribution of highly suitable portion for each fish species were given before and after weir removal. It was shown that the physical habitat simulation successfully predicts the change in the composition of fish community after the weir removal. The simulated results were compared with those from the knowledge- based model.

Generalized instream habitat models

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Lamouroux ◽  
Ian G Jowett
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Data Depth ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Physical Habitat ◽  
Habitat Models ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
Habitat Simulation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Annual Discharge

Conventional instream habitat models (e.g., the physical habitat simulation system) predict the impact of regulation on the habitats of freshwater taxa. They link a hydraulic model with microhabitat-suitability models for taxa to predict habitat values at various discharge rates. Their use requires considerable field effort and experience. Recent analyses performed in France suggested that comparable results could be achieved using simplified hydraulic data. We tested this approach for 99 stream reaches and nine aquatic taxa in New Zealand. The resulting generalized habitat models predict habitat values similar to those predicted by conventional models from simplified hydraulic data (depth–discharge and width–discharge relationships, average particle size, and mean annual discharge). As in France, within-reach changes in habitat values were linked to the specific discharge of reaches, while between-reach changes depended mainly on the Froude number at mean annual discharge. The generalized models perform well outside their calibration range. Models previously developed in France perform well in New Zealand. Such generalized models contribute to identifying the key hydraulic variables for freshwater taxa and should facilitate habitat studies worldwide.

Unemployment as an indicator of economic security in the employment sector: A regional dimension

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-729
Author(s):  
T.N. Savina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
National Development ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Band Theory ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

Subject. To achieve a high level of economic security is a key priority of national development. Employment reveals one of the most important aspects of social development of the individual that is associated with his or her needs satisfaction in the sphere of employment and is boon to economic security. Objectives. The purpose of the study is to show the impact of unemployment on economic security in employment. Methods. I apply such scientific methods as dialectical, historical and logical unity, structural and functional analysis, traditional techniques of economic analysis and synthesis. The methods of multivariate statistical and comparative analysis serve as a methodological basis of the study. To determine the indicator of unemployment, I use the band theory. Results. I underpin the growing role of employment in ensuring economic security. The paper presents a comprehensive assessment of the unemployment status and a comparative analysis of the indicator in the Republic of Mordovia, the Volga Federal District, and the Russian Federation as a whole. I identify trends in the average duration of unemployment, show the distribution of unemployed by level of education and age groups. Conclusions. The average annual unemployment rate in the Republic of Mordovia is lower than in Russia and the Volga Federal District. The findings may be useful for public authorities to substantiate their employment policy at both macro- and meso-levels, for designing programs and strategies for socio-economic development of regions and the social security doctrine, as well as in practical activities of employment services.

Some reflections on social structure: Theoretical and practical aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1063-1078
Author(s):  
T.N. Skorobogatova ◽  
I.Yu. Marakhovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Service Industry ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Impact

Subject. This article discusses the role of social infrastructure in the national economy and analyzes the relationship between the notions of Infrastructure, Service Industry and Non-Productive Sphere. Objectives. The article aims to outline a methodology for development of the social infrastructure of Russia's regions. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of statistical and comparative analyses. The Republic of Crimea and Rostov Oblast's social infrastructure development was considered as a case study. Results. The article finds that the level of social infrastructure is determined by a number of internal and external factors. By analyzing and assessing such factors, it is possible to develop promising areas for the social sphere advancement. Conclusions. Assessment and analysis of internal factors largely determined by the region's characteristics, as well as a comprehensive consideration of the impact of external factors will help ensure the competitiveness of the region's economy.

The Process of Globalization and Its Impact on Media

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Veton Zejnullahi
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
World Order ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Media Access ◽  
Four Corners ◽  
The World ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Human Eyes ◽  
The Impact

The process of globalization, which many times is considered as new world order is affecting all spheres of modern society but also the media. In this paper specifically we will see the impact of globalization because we see changing the media access to global problems in general being listed on these processes. We will see that the greatest difficulties will have small media as such because the process is moving in the direction of creating mega media which thanks to new technology are reaching to deliver news and information at the time of their occurrence through choked the small media. So it is fair to conclude that the rapid economic development and especially the technology have made the world seem "too small" to the human eyes, because for real-time we will communicate with the world with the only one Internet connection, and also all the information are take for the development of events in the four corners of the world and direct from the places when the events happen. Even Albanian space has not left out of this process because the media in the Republic of Albania and the Republic of Kosovo are adapted to the new conditions under the influence of the globalization process. This fact is proven powerful through creating new television packages, written the websites and newspapers in their possession.

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