scholarly journals Optimal Allocation of Water Resources from the “Wide-Mild Water Shortage” Perspective

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaxiang He ◽  
Mingwan Yin ◽  
Aiqi Chen ◽  
Junqiu Liu ◽  
Xinmin Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Marginal Utility ◽  
Piecewise Linear ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Water Users ◽  
The Right

A major objective of the optimization of water resources allocation is to ensure the supply an adequate amount of water to users at the right time and maximize the utilization of water resources. However, in case of insufficient water supply, water shortage is likely to occur intensively for specific water users or in specific periods, referred to as a “concentrated water shortage”. The risk of a concentrated water shortage should be shared across a wider range of users and periods, so that it would have a less severe impact on each calculation unit in each period, which we refer to as the “wide-mild water shortage”. In this study, the nonlinear weight of the water supply objective function can be converted into a piecewise linear weight based on the law of diminishing marginal utility, making it possible to reduce or even eliminate the concentrated water shortage and thus making the allocation of water resources more reasonable. The case study in the Nen River basin in northeast China shows that the improved method results in a significant increase in water shortage units but a significant reduction in water shortage range. As a consequence, water shortage is more uniformly distributed from April to June, which contributes to solving the concentrated water shortage problem in May. However, it should be noted that to what extent the wide-mild water shortage can be realized depends not only on the marginal utility of water demand, but also on the available water supply and the regulative capacity of water supply projects. In spite of this, the improved method enables water to be supplied more suitably for users at the appropriate time, which contributes to improving the utilization of water resources and helping decision-makers better address the problem of concentrated water shortage.

scholarly journals Exploration and Practice of Rigid Restraint System of Water Resources at County Level: A case study of Yongkang City

2021 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 01020
Author(s):  
Suchun Chen ◽  
Shiwu Wang ◽  
Jinxing Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Rigid Constraint ◽  
Promotion Mechanism ◽  
General Secretary

General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed to take water resources as the maximum rigid restriction, emphasize using water resources as its capacity permits, and actively explore new ways of high-quality development with regional characteristics. Yongkang is a water shortage county in the southern water-rich area. The contradiction between insufficient water supply and rapid economic and social development and continuous improvement of ecological environment is more prominent. In this paper, industrial water users are taken as the key control objects, and the added value of unit water consumption is taken as the rigid constraint index of water resources. It is incorporated into the reform of “heroes per acre” and integrated with the existing water resources management system to design the collaborative promotion mechanism framework of general rigid constraint of water resources. Then, the application practice in Yongkang is carried out, and the responsibilities of various administrative departments are clarified.

scholarly journals Application of Whale Optimization Algorithm in Optimal Allocation of Water Resources

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 04019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihong Yan ◽  
Shuqian Wang ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Xinde Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Whale Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Whale Optimization ◽  
Development And Utilization

In order to solve the water crisis, it is important to optimize the allocation of water resources. In this paper, the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is applied to the optimal allocation of water resources in Xingtai with the goal of maximum economic benefit and minimum total water shortage. The results show that the total water demand of different water users in each district is 26.94×108m3, the total allocated water is 19.83×108m3, the total water shortage is 7.11×108m3, and the water shortage rate was 26.39%. The lack of water is mainly concentrated in the primary industry. The result of the solution reflects the principle of water supply order and water use equity, which is in line with the actual development and utilization of water resources in the study area. It also verifies the feasibility of the whale optimization algorithm, such as less parameter adjustment, faster convergence, and better global optimization ability when solving water resources optimization problems.

scholarly journals A joint-probabilistic programming method for water resources optimal allocation under uncertainty: a case study in the Beiyun River, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-409
Author(s):  
Xueping Gao ◽  
Yinzhu Liu ◽  
Bowen Sun
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Joint Probability ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Copula Functions ◽  
Local Water ◽  
Allocation Plans

Abstract In recent years, the lower reaches of the Beiyun River have suffered from growing water resource shortages due to the reduction of upstream water resource and drying up of the stream channel. More reasonable and scientifically based water allocation plans should be developed and implemented; however, uncertainties exist regarding the determination of water supply availability and spillage of extra water. To assess and manage regional water shortage, the combined effects of multiple water supply sources as well as the joint probability of typical events should be considered. The joint probability of water supply, considering upstream and local water supplies, was estimated through the copula functions. A multi-objective optimization model was then developed and solved by improved genetic algorithms to plan water resources allocation within a multi-source environment containing multiple competitive users. The framework is demonstrated, and represents a range of different water supply scenarios in terms of different probabilities of occurrence and constraint violations. The results showed that water allocation was greatly influenced by uncertainties, especially in upstream-local water supply. In addition, violating water-allocation constraint posed an extra uncertainty. This study facilitates the proposition of adaption allocation plans for uncertain environments, aiming to balance the shortage, economy, and reliability.

scholarly journals Research on Hedging Rules Based on Water Supply Priority and Benefit Loss of Water Shortage—A Case Study of Tianjin, China

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baohui Men ◽  
Zhijian Wu ◽  
Huanlong Liu ◽  
Yangsong Li ◽  
Yong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Supply ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Hedging Rules

When a city’s water demand cannot be fully satisfied, the hedging rule can reduce water loss by limiting water supply in advance. Based on water supply priority and benefit loss of water shortage for different users, this paper improved the objective function of hedging rules considering the benefit loss of water shortage. At the same time, according to the idea of restricting water supply by water users in turn, improved hedging rules (IHR) are applied to the urban water supply in Tianjin. The conclusions achieved from this study are as follows: (1) IHR increased water supply assurance rates for domestic water with high-priority and avoided destructive water shortages in agricultural water with low-priority. (2) IHR can better reduce the destructive loss caused by a large number of water shortages and the loss of production caused by a small numbers of water shortages than traditional hedging rules, which ensures high efficiency of water supply during the dry period. The results show that the IHR can improve the operational performance of the urban water supply.

scholarly journals Multi-objective Water Resources Optimum Allocation Scheme Based on Improved Standard Cuckoo Searching Algorithm (ISCSA)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Local Optimum ◽  
Ecological Benefits ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Intelligent Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Water Resources Optimal Allocation

Abstract The standard cuckoo searching algorithm(SCSA)is a population intelligent optimization algorithm, which is also a new heuristic searching algorithm. The advantages of SCSA (such as convenient operation, heuristic searching, etc.) make it easy to find the optimal solution and maintain wider searching range. However, SCSA also has some drawbacks, such as long searching time, easy to fall into local optimum. In order to solve the problems existed in SCSA, in this paper, the improved standard cuckoo searching algorithm (ISCSA) was studied, which includes chaotic initialization and Gaussian disturbed algorithm. As a case study, taking economic, social and ecological benefits as the objective function, the multi-objective water resources optimal allocation models were constructed in Xianxiang Region, China. The ISCSA was applied to solve the water allocation models and the multi-objective optimal water supply scheme for Xinxiang region was obtained. The water resources optimal allocation schemes in the planning level year (2025) for 12 water supply sub-regions were predicted. The desirable eco-environment and benefits were achieved using the studied methods. The results show that the ISCSA has obvious advantages in the solution of water resources optimal allocation and planning.

The Development and Optimal Allocation of Water Resources in Zhidan Country Energy Chemical Industrial Park

2012 ◽  
Vol 260-261 ◽  
pp. 1120-1124
Author(s):  
Peng Kang Jin ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Xian Bao Wang ◽  
Yong Ning Feng
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Chemical Industrial Park

Focusing on the water shortage and water stress during the construction period of Zhidan energy chemical industrial park, the optimal allocation of water resources in Zhidan was conducted, in order to guarantee the water demand of the energy chemical industrial park. The optimal allocation of water resources is based on the advanced investigating and analyzing on the potential of four kinds of available water in this industrial park (surface water, underground water, the rain-flood and the recycled water). As well as the principle of optimal allocation is to reduce the conventional water exploitation and to increase the unconventional water resource utilization. The study result shows, the recent total water resources in this park is 12.39×104 m3/d and the forward total water resources is 13.39×104 m3/d, which can meet the requirement of both recent and forward water consumption for this park(4.40×104 m3/d and 5.16×104 m3/d). The optimal allocation of water resources program is to achieve the goal of reaching a recent water supply of 4.5×104 m3/d, among which the underground water is 0.95×104 m3/d, the surface water is 3.0×104 m3/d, the recycled water is 0.5×104 m3/d, the rain-flood water is 0.05×104 m3/d. While for the forward water supply of these 4 available kinds of water are 1.45×104 m3/d, 3.0×104 m3/d, 1.0×104 m3/d, 0.05×104 m3/d respectively with a total supply of 5.5 ×104 m3/d.

scholarly journals Research on Optimal Allocation of Water Resources Based on Large-Scale System Decomposition and Coordination Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoran Luo ◽  
Jiahong Liu ◽  
Weiwei Shao ◽  
Yongxiang Zhang ◽  
Ruitao Jia
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Water Diversion ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
System Decomposition ◽  
Optimal Allocation Model ◽  
Wei River

The construction of water resources optimal allocation model is the premise and foundation of solving and evaluating the optimal allocation model of water resources. The allocation of water resources includes not only the simple allocation of water resources, but also the protection of water resources and the analysis of the relationship between water supply and demand. Aiming at the problem of water shortage in the receiving area of water diversion from Hanjiang River to Weihe River, the large-scale system decomposition and coordination algorithm is used to optimally allocate the water use departments of each district of the water diversion area from Han to Wei River in Shaanxi Province, and establish the water diversion project from Han to Wei River. Optimal allocation model of water resources in the water receiving area. The results show that: in the 2030 planning level, the water supply of key cities, Xixian new district, medium/small cities, and industrial parks were 153.57, 368.16, 632.04, and 208.68 million m3, respectively, and the corresponding water shortage rate was 2.8%, 5.6%, 8.4%, 11.2%. The water supply sequence has a lower water shortage rate than the previous one, and the water shortage rate of the domestic water sector in key cities is only 1.2%. From the water shortage situation of various water departments in 2030, it can basically meet the water shortage of water receiving objects and effectively improve the water shortage in water receiving areas.

scholarly journals Impacts of Legal and Institutional Changes on Irrigation Management Performance: A Case of the Gezira Irrigation Scheme, Sudan

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Elshaikh ◽  
Shi-hong Yang ◽  
Xiyun Jiao ◽  
Mohammed Elbashier
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Management Performance ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Water Surplus ◽  
The Right

This study aims to offer a comprehensive assessment of the impacts of policies and institutional arrangements on irrigation management performance. The case study, the Gezira Scheme, has witnessed a significant decrease in water management performance during recent decades. This situation led to several institutional changes in order to put the system on the right path. The main organizations involved in water management at the scheme are the Ministry of Irrigation & Water Resources (MOIWR), the Sudan Gezira Board (SGB), and the Water Users Associations (WUAs). Different combinations from these organizations were founded to manage the irrigation system. The evaluation of these organizations is based on the data of water supply and cultivated areas from 1970 to 2015. The measured data were compared with two methods: the empirical water order method (Indent) that considers the design criteria of the scheme, and the Crop Water Requirement (CWR) method. Results show that the MOIWR period was the most efficient era, with an average water surplus of 12% compared with the Indent value, while the most critical period (SGB & WUAs) occurred when the water supply increased by 80%. The other periods of the Irrigation Water Corporation (IWC), (SGB & MOIWR), and (WUAs & MOIWR) had witnessed an increase in water supply by 29%, 63%, and 67% respectively. Through these institutional changes, the percentage of excessive water supply jumped from 12% to 80%. Finally, the study provides general recommendations associated with institutional arrangements and policy adoption to improve irrigation system performance.

scholarly journals Equitable Allocation of Blue and Green Water Footprints Based on Land-Use Types: A Case Study of the Yangtze River Economic Belt

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Liu ◽  
Lu Shi ◽  
Kevin Li
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Lexicographic Optimization ◽  
The Impact

This paper develops a lexicographic optimization model to allocate agricultural and non-agricultural water footprints by using the land area as the influencing factor. An index known as the water-footprint-land density (WFLD) index is then put forward to assess the impact and equity of the resulting allocation scheme. Subsequently, the proposed model is applied to a case study allocating water resources for the 11 provinces and municipalities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB). The objective is to achieve equitable spatial allocation of water resources from a water footprint perspective. Based on the statistical data in 2013, this approach starts with a proper accounting for water footprints in the 11 YREB provinces. We then determined an optimal allocation of water footprints by using the proposed lexicographic optimization approach from a land area angle. Lastly, we analyzed how different types of land uses contribute to allocation equity and we discuss policy changes to implement the optimal allocation schemes in the YREB. Analytical results show that: (1) the optimized agricultural and non-agricultural water footprints decrease from the current levels for each province across the YREB, but this decrease shows a heterogeneous pattern; (2) the WFLD of 11 YREB provinces all decline after optimization with the largest decline in Shanghai and the smallest decline in Sichuan; and (3) the impact of agricultural land on the allocation of agricultural water footprints is mainly reflected in the land use structure of three land types including arable land, forest land, and grassland. The different land use structures in the upstream, midstream, and downstream regions lead to the spatial heterogeneity of the optimized agricultural water footprints in the three YREB segments; (4) In addition to the non-agricultural land area, different regional industrial structures are the main reason for the spatial heterogeneity of the optimized non-agricultural water footprints. Our water-footprint-based optimal water resources allocation scheme helps alleviate the water resources shortage pressure and achieve coordinated and balanced development in the YREB.

scholarly journals Determination of the Irrigation Water Supply Services Cost

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Water Charges ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Organizational Mechanisms

The article summarizes and analyzes experience in irrigation water charges fixation. Many countries of the world with developed irrigation systems face problems of lack or inadequacy of financial resources to maintain these systems in an efficient state. There is the necessity to find effective financial and organizational mechanisms to address these problems. The purpose of this article is to summarize and analyse the experience of setting fees for the supply of water for irrigation in various socio-economic conditions and to find out possibilities of improving systems of payment collection for the provision of irrigation services and in particular, for irrigation water supply. The analysis is based on a wide range of conditions specific for both developing and developed countries. In addition, the article attempts to assess the experience of using the amount of payment for irrigation water as an incentive for cost recovery to achieve financial sustainability and demand management for the efficient use of water resources. Quotas, water markets, subsidies, as well as information/educational problems have been considered as incentives of water resources demand management. We have considered special features of the tariffs formation in the Central Asia countries. The study has demonstrated that the two-stake tariff implementation will enable to compensate the irrigation services expenses at the level acceptable for water users in case of cultivation of crops generating an adequate income for the tariff’s financing.

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