scholarly journals Drag Effect of Water Consumption on Urbanization—A Case Study of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2000 to 2015

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min An ◽  
Van Butsic ◽  
Weijun He ◽  
Zhaofang Zhang ◽  
Teng Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Drag Effect ◽  
Spatial Econometric ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Cooperation Mechanism ◽  
Scarce Water

Urbanization is an engine of economic development, but this process is often constrained by increasingly scarce water resources. A model predicting the drag effect of water consumption on urbanization would be useful for future planning for sustainable water resource utilization and economic growth. Using panel data from 11 provinces in China’s Yangtze River economic belt (YREB) from 2000 to 2015, we apply Romer’s growth drag theory with spatial econometric models to quantitatively analyze the drag effect of water consumption on urbanization. The results show the following. (1) The drag effect of water consumption on urbanization has significant spatial correlation; the spatial Durbin model is the best model to calculate this spatial connection. (2) The spatial coefficient is 0.39 and the drag that is caused by water consumption on urbanization in the YREB is 0.574, which means that when spatial influences are considered, urbanization speed slows by 0.574% due to water consumption constraints. (3) Each region in the YREB has different water consumption patterns and structure; we further calculate each region’s water consumption drag on urbanization. We find that areas with high urbanization levels, like Shanghai (average 84.7%), have a lower water consumption drag effect (0.227), and they can avoid the “resource curse” of water resource constraints. However, some low-level urbanization provinces, like Anhui (average 39.3%), have a higher water consumption drag effect (1.352). (4) Our results indicate that the water drag effect is even greater than the drag effect of coal and land. Therefore, policies to increase urbanization should carefully consider the way that water constraints may limit growth. Likewise, our spatial model indicates that policy makers should work with neighboring provinces and construct an effective regional water cooperation mechanism.

scholarly journals The Drag Effect of Water Resources on China’s Regional Economic Growth: Analysis Based on the Temporal and Spatial Dimensions

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Zhang ◽  
Wenxin Liu ◽  
Minjuan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Regional Economic Growth ◽  
Drag Effect ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Effect Of Water

Studying the influencing factors of the drag effect of water resources and its temporal–spatial variation can help governments to solve the problem of water resource constraints on the economic growth of different regions. Based on Romer’s hypothesis, this paper uses panel data to empirically analyze the drag effect of water resources in China’s 31 provinces from 1987 to 2017. The research shows that: (1) Water resources have certain constraints on the economic growth of each region. Regional economic growth has declined by 0.23% (eastern), 0.07% (western), 0.43% (central) and 0.09% (northeastern) annually. (2) In provinces with rapid labor growth, water resources have a greater impact on economic growth. In provinces with low labor growth rates, the drag effect of water resources on economic growth is affected by the capital stock of the region. (3) Through the analysis of the water drag effect in different time periods, this paper finds that in some periods, the government’s mobilization of water resources for the economic growth in some regions will not only promote the transfer of labor between regions, but also cause changes in the regional water resources. According to the results of this paper, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) It is necessary to vigorously develop water-saving agriculture, improve technical efficiency, and reduce the strong dependence of economic growth on water resources in the provinces which has a strong water drag effect on economic growth; (2) Provinces with moderate water resource constraints should take the lead in deploying strategic emerging industries, and accelerate the development of the tertiary industry; (3) Provinces with weakly water resource restrictions can promote the development of capital-based industries. Not only can the development of the economy be rational, but it can also reduce the economy’s dependence on resources, thereby achieving the sustainable use of water resources and sustainable economic growth.

Effect of water temperature on water consumption in female angora goats

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 ◽  
pp. 163-163
Author(s):  
R.A. Cooper ◽  
Bryany Hill ◽  
J.A. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Angora Goats ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Few Data

It is commonly held that goats prefer their water ‘warm’ and that consumption may be encouraged by offering warmed water. Conversely, it is argued that water intake may go down if water is ‘too cold.’ There are, however, few data available and no definition of what constitutes ‘warm’ or ‘cold’ in the eyes of a goat. This trial was undertaken to provide some data in an attempt to confirm or refuse these conventional wisdoms.

The effect of water consumption on cognitive and motor performance

Appetite ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 621 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Booth ◽  
B.G. Taylor, C.J. Edmonds
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Effect Of Water

scholarly journals Analysis of the Fee-to-Tax Reform on Water Resources in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi-Rui Chen ◽  
Yuan Yuan ◽  
Xu Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Tax Reform ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Cost Difference ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
The Cost

The Resource Tax Law was officially implemented on September 1, 2020, in China. This law presents the “Fee-to-Tax” reform of water resources. This article compares the effects of the “Fee-to-Tax” reform under asymmetric duopoly conditions with perfect information. The mechanisms of the two policies are different when all firms simultaneously respond to water resources: the water resource fee affects output by reducing market size, while the water resource tax reduces output by amplifying the weighted cost difference effects between companies. Water resource taxes work better than fees for eliminating backward production capacity. A comparison of the situation when companies respond sequentially is also carried out. When a low-cost firm is in the leading position, the collection of fees actually reduces the output difference, whereas the tax improves it. When a high-cost firm acts as a leader, the effects depend on the cost difference. When the cost difference between firms is small, the first-move advantage of high-cost firms dominates the cost advantages of low-cost firms. Therefore, a higher tax rate yields a smaller output difference. When cost differences are relatively larger, the cost advantage of low-cost firms dominates the first-move advantage of high-cost firms. As the operational cost for reducing water consumption increases, the reduced water consumption first increases and then decreases.

scholarly journals City Centrality, Migrants and Green Inovation Efficiency: Evidence from 106 Cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt of China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haisen Wang ◽  
Gangqiang Yang ◽  
Jiaying Qin
Keyword(s):  
Yangtze River ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Innovation Network ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Green Innovation ◽  
Spatial Econometric ◽  
The Core ◽  
Influence Curve ◽  
The Impact

Based on the panel data of 106 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt of China from 2007 to 2016, this paper explores the impact of city centrality on the green innovation efficiency and proves the mediation effect of migrants by using spatial econometric model. The results show that there are more and more innovation contacts between cities, and the innovation network is becoming more and more dense. The core cities of the downstream innovation network are mainly Yangzhou, Zhenjiang, Wuxi, Changzhou, Suzhou and Hangzhou; the core cities in the midstream are mainly Wuhan, Changsha and Yichun; the core cities in the upstream are Chengdu and Bazhong. There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between city centrality and green innovation efficiency. In addition, the influence curve of city centrality on the green innovation efficiency of surrounding cities is also inverted U-shaped. Cities with high city centrality attract a large number of migrants that come from cities with lower centrality to improve the green innovation efficiency, but the green innovation efficiency of cities with low city centrality will decline due to lack of talents.

scholarly journals Water Resource Utilization and Livelihood Adaptations under the Background of Climate Change: A Case Study of Rural Households in the Koshi River Basin

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 5064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan ◽  
Song ◽  
Su ◽  
Peng ◽  
Khatiwada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
College Education ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Water Resource Utilization ◽  
Floods And Droughts

In the Koshi River Basin, the effects of climate change have become clear. Agricultural countries, such as Nepal, depend on farmers’ adaptations to climate change for local sustainable development. Limited livelihood options, unequal access to resources and information, and climate change-related floods and droughts have reduced farmer welfare. Few studies have investigated the effects of altitude in rural areas or examined livelihood adaptation strategies in Nepal. Using a survey of farmers in rural areas at high, middle, and low altitudes in Nepal, this article explores the impacts of climate change-related floods and droughts, as well as the water resource utilization, disaster resilience, and livelihood improvement ability of farmers and the influencing factors. This article adopted participatory rural appraisal to obtain survey data from farmers at three altitudes. Through one-way ANOVA and F-tests, farmers’ perceptions of floods and droughts were analyzed, and through field investigations, their production and water consumption patterns were established. Logistic regressions show that college education, farming income, and domestic water consumption have the strongest impacts on households’ disaster resilience, while non-farm income, male laborer rates, and college education have the strongest impacts on households’ abilities to improve livelihoods. Based on our results, we offer countermeasures and suggestions on education, gender equality, and rural infrastructure construction.

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