scholarly journals Water and Nitrogen Productivity of Potato Growth in Desert Areas under Low-Discharge Drip Irrigation

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Trifonov ◽  
Naftali Lazarovitch ◽  
Gilboa Arye
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Potato Growth

Narrow profit margins, resource conservation issues and environmental concerns are the main driving forces to improve fertilizer uptake, especially for potatoes. Potatoes are a high value crop with a shallow, inefficient root system and high fertilizer rate requirements. Of all essential nutrients, nitrogen (N) is often limiting to potato production. A major concern in potato production is to minimize N leaching from the root zone. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to examine the potato crop characteristics under drip irrigation with low-discharge (0.6 L h−1) and to determine the optimal combination of irrigation (40, 60, 80, and 100%) and fertigation (0, 50, and 100%) doses. In this study, the 80% (438.6 mm) irrigation dose and a 50% (50 mg N L−1) fertigation dose (W80%F50%) showed that these doses are sufficient for optimal potato yield (about 40 ton ha−1) in conjunction with water and fertilizer savings. Moreover, this treatment did not exhibit any qualitative changes in the potato tuber compared to the 100% treatments. When considering water productivity and yield, one may select a harsher irrigation regime if the available agricultural soils are not a limiting factor. Thus, higher yields can be obtained with lower irrigation and fertigation doses and a larger area.

scholarly journals Potato Growth Uniformity as Affected by Subsurface Drip and Seepage Irrigation

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 529C-529
Author(s):  
S.J. Locascio ◽  
A.G. Smajstsrla ◽  
D.H. Hensel ◽  
D.P. Weigartner
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Seepage Irrigation ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Potato Growth

Growth and production uniformity of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) as influenced by conventional seepage irrigation and by subsurface drip irrigation was evaluated in field studies during two seasons in plots 16 rows (18.3 m) wide and 183 m long. Seepage irrigation water was supplied through ditches located on each side of each plot. Drip irrigation water was distributed through buried tubes placed under the beds 6.1 m apart extending the length of the rows. Water application throughout the plots was accomplished more rapidly with the subsurface drip system and water use during the two seasons was 33% less than with the conventional seepage system. Tuber yield during the first season was similar with the two irrigation systems. During the second season, plant growth, tuber development, and tuber yield were sampled on alternate rows beginning on each outside bed, at each end of each plot, and in the middle of the plots. Irrigation method and bed location among the 16 beds had little influence of potato growth and development. With water flow from north to south, plant growth, and tuber yield were significantly higher from potatoes growing at the north end, lowest in the plot center, and intermediate from potatoes growing at the south end. These data indicate that potato production with the two irrigation systems was similar.

scholarly journals Use of Paper De-inking Residues in Potato Production

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 892C-892
Author(s):  
S. Côté ◽  
C.J. Beauchamp ◽  
S. Yelle
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Paper Recycling ◽  
Paper Company ◽  
Potato Yields ◽  
High Level ◽  
Experimental Plots ◽  
Toxicity Effects

In 1991, a project was initiated in collaboration with the Daishowa paper company to characterize de-inking residues resulting from paper recycling in detail and to determine the value of this organic residue as an amendment to agricultural soils. Our objective was to determine the effects of field applications of de-inking residues on potato crop culture. In 1992, 1993, and 1994, experimental plots were established and maintained at the Horticultural Experimental Farm of Laval Univ. A factorial design was composed of four replications of four doses of de-inking residues (0, 15, 30, and 45 t·ha–1) combined with four doses of N (0, 45, 90, and 135 kg·ha–1). Treatments were applied to a total of 64 plots. The results indicate the importance of adjusting the fertilization to prevent the immobilization of N by the residues. In 1992, as a result of adding de-inking residues, potato yields were increased significantly when sufficient N fertilizer was added. However, significant decreases in yield were noted when a high level of de-inking residues was applied without any adjustment of the C:N ratio. In 1993, potato yields were reduced in treatments having a second application of residue at the highest doses (30 and 45 t·ha–1), even when additional N was provide. Interestingly, harvested tubers gave no indication of toxicity effects due to heavy metals or other contaminants. Results also will be discussed in terms of overall potato quality and the incidence of disease.

Evaluation of Different Moisture Depletion Levels for Water Productivity, Yield and Tuber Size of Potato under Drip Irrigation

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Syed Ijaz ul Hassan ◽  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
Habibullah Habib ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Muhammad Naveed Ahsan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Management Research ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Different Levels

A field experiment comprised of four different levels of management allowable depletion (MAD) of soil moisture for next irrigation to potato crop under drip irrigation was conducted during 2017-18 and repeated during 2018-19 at Water Management Research Farm, Renala Khurd, Okara, Pakistan. Cropwat 8.0 program was used to determine the interval and depth of next irrigation at 15, 30, 45 and 60% MAD of soil moisture. The experiments during both the years were organized in RCBD fashion with four replications. Irrigation to potato crop at 30% MAD level depicted the highest water productivity (17.28 kg/m3), followed by 60%, 15% and 45% MAD levels with water productivity values of 16.90, 16.63 and 14.60 kg/m3, respectively. The highest tuber yield was obtained when potato crop was irrigated at 60% MAD level (28.411 tons ha-1), followed by 30% MAD level (27.998 tons ha-1), 15% MAD level (26.736 tons ha-1) and 45% MAD level (24.081 tons ha-1). The maximum %age of medium sized tubers was achieved by applying irrigation to potato crop at 60% MAD level (65.70), followed by 30% MAD level (65.50), 45% MAD level (64.00) and 15% MAD level (60.50). The incidence of scab was found 2.50%, 2.75%, 3.25% and 3.75% in potato tubers at 15, 30, 45 and 60% MAD level, respectively indicating that the incidence of disease increased slightly with increase in MAD level.

scholarly journals Water-Saving Irrigation Strategies in Potato Fields: Effects on Physiological Characteristics and Water Use in Arid Region

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek Zin El-Abedin ◽  
Mohamed Mattar ◽  
Hussein Al-Ghobari ◽  
Abdulrahman Alazba
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Irrigation Amount ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Potato Growth

In this study, field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of two water-saving practices—partial root-zone drying (PRD) and deficit irrigation (DI)—on potato growth and yield in comparison with full irrigation (FI). The required FI amount was applied to the potato plants to enable 100% crop evapotranspiration, and the plants received 70% and 50% of the irrigation amount of FI for DI (DI70 and DI50) and PRD (PRD70 and PRD50), respectively. The physiological characteristics of the potatoes during the 2014–2015 seasons indicated that the relative chlorophyll contents were not significantly higher for the DI and PRD treatments than for the FI treatment. The DI50 had the lowest net photosynthesis rate (p < 0.05) while DI50 and PRD50 had significantly lower stomatal conductance (gs) values in both years. Meanwhile, the values of the PRD treatments were lower than those of DI treatments based on the transpiration rates. The xylem (abscisic acid) based on PRD50 had an average increase of 0.38 mol/m2 s due to decreasing gs values compared with other water-saving irrigation treatments. However, the FI and DI treatments had increased fresh tuber yields compared with the yields of PRD treatments. Furthermore, the PRD70 and PRD50 treatments significantly reduced the water productivity (WP) values by 30.16% and 41.32%, respectively, relative to that of FI.

scholarly journals Respon dan Seleksi Tanaman Kentang Terhadap Kekeringan (Response and Selection of Potato Plants to Drought)

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Tri Handayani ◽  
NFN Kusmana ◽  
Helmi Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Morphological Character ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Tuber Production ◽  
Potato Growth ◽  
Selection Of

<p>Kekeringan sangat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kentang. Persilangan dengan tujuan toleran kekeringan telah dilakukan dan dilanjutkan dengan seleksi terbatas. Tujuan penelitian untuk mempelajari respon tanaman kentang terhadap kekeringan dan melakukan seleksi klon-klon hasil persilangan untuk sifat toleran kekeringan. Materi yang digunakan adalah 78 nomor hasil seleksi progeni kekeringan tahun 2015. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membandingkan antara tanaman pada kondisi kekeringan dan pengairan normal di dalam Rumah Kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang, pada tahun 2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cekaman kekeringan berpengaruh terhadap karakter pertumbuhan dan hasil. Pada kondisi kekeringan, vigor tanaman menurun dan menunjukkan gejala layu, menguning, serta daun menggulung ke atas. Kekeringan juga menyebabkan penurunan pada diameter batang (41,4%), jumlah batang (6,63%), tinggi tanaman (22,43%), diameter kanopi (18,76%), luas daun (53,7%), jumlah ubi pertanaman (17,54%), berat ubi pertanaman (70,35%), panjang ubi (44,45%) serta diameter ubi (42,85%). Respon tanaman terhadap kekeringan yang lain ditunjukkan oleh peningkatan kadar prolin daun dan klorofil. Seleksi berdasarkan perubahan karakter morfologi, pertumbuhan vegetatif serta produksi ubi, diperoleh 26 genotipe yang berpotensi memiliki sifat toleran terhadap kekeringan. Genotipe terseleksi tersebut memiliki kisaran jumlah ubi per tanaman 1,67 – 12,25, berat ubi per tanaman 26,45 – 80,775 g, panjang ubi 2,05 – 3,4 cm serta diameter ubi 1,43 – 3,06 cm. Hasil dari seleksi kekeringan ini akan dilanjutkan ke seleksi di lapangan untuk mendapatkan klon unggul kentang toleran terhadap kekeringan. Ketersediaan klon kentang toleran kekeringan dapat menjawab ancaman menurunnya produksi kentang akibat perubahan iklim.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Solanum tuberosum L.; Produksi ubi; Prolin; Toleran kekeringan   </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Drought is very influential towards the growth and production of the potato crop. A crossing to drought-tolerant genotypes was conducted and continued with a progeny selection. The aims of this study were to study the response of the potato plant to drought stress and to select potato clones resulted from conventional crossing for drought tolerant. The genetic materials tested were 78 progenies resulted from drought selection in 2015. The study was conducted by comparing plants in drought and normal irrigation conditions in the Greenhouse of the Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute, Lembang, in 2016. Results showed that drought stress affected potato growth as well as tuber yield. On drought conditions, potato plants tend to be poor of plant vigor, showed wilting symptom, yellowing leaves and roll up of the leaves. Drought stress caused the decline of stem diameter of (41.4%), main stem number (6.63%), plant height (22.43%), canopy diameter  (18.76%), leaf area  (53.7%), per plant tuber number (17.54%), per plant tuber weight (70.35%), tuber length (44.45%) and tuber diameter (42.85%). Another response to drought was the increasing level of proline and chlorophyll in leaf. Based on morphological character changes, vegetative growth and tuber production, 26 genotypes demonstrated potential drought tolerance. The selected genotypes will be used to the next selection in the field to get stable drought-tolerant potato clones. The availability of drought-tolerant potato clones can respond to the threat of reduced potato production due to climate change. </p>

scholarly journals Penerapan Irigasi Tetes Emiter Tali Dengan Bebagai Selang Waktu Irigasi Pada Tanaman Semangka

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Muhammad Idrus Idrus ◽  
Surya Surya
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Good Time ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Irrigation Water Productivity

The objectives of the research were (1) To know watermelon yield and irrigation water productivity of watermelon by used drip irrigation with nylon rope emitter on various time irrigation intervals, (2) To determined the good time irrigation interval for watermelon production by using the drip irrigation with nylon rope emitter. The research was conducted at the research field with four-time irrigation intervals were 1,2,3, and 4 days of time irrigation interval. The research was arranged in Completely Randomized Block Design. The result of the research showed that the time irrigation interval was not significantly affected yield and irrigation water productivity of watermelon. The soil moisture in the root zone at 30 cm depth of 23,23—23,88% before irrigation still in range of the available soil moisture content for plants. The average of watermelon yield and irrigation water productivity of watermelon were 5,07—5,45 kg/plant and 115,15—123,79 kg/m3. The good time interval of irrigation for watermelon production by using drip irrigation with rope emitter was 4 days time interval of irrigation.

scholarly journals Effect of deficit drip irrigation on yield and water productivity of potato crop

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Ijaz-ul-Hassan ◽  
Arifa Khan ◽  
Shazia Erum
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Water Application ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
The Right ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Adequate Management

On the eve of changing climate, it is expected that there will be a competition to reallocate water for agricultural, industrial and urban needs in near future. Thus, in view of the increased water scarcity, an adequate management for water application is required to maximize water use and increase yield. In this regard, a field trial comprising four deficit drip irrigation treatments on potato crop under drip irrigation was conducted in filed condition using RCB design with four replications. Cropwat 8.0 program was used to determine the interval and depth of next irrigation at 15, 30, 45 60% management allowable depletion (MAD) of soil moisture. The outcomes indicated that irrigation to potato crop at 30% MAD level gave the highest water productivity (17.28 kg/m3) followed by 60, 15 and 45% MAD levels. Maximum %age of medium sized tuber was achieved by applying irrigation to potato crop at 60% MAD level (65.70) followed by 30% MAD level (65.5), 45% MAD (64.0) and 15% MAD level (60.50). The incidence of scab was found 2.50%, 2.75%, 3.25% and 3.75% in potato tubers at 15, 30, 45 and 60% MAD level, respectively. Thus, growers can save the water by adopting this water saving technique without reduction in tuber yield. For proper adaptation of new technique and practice, common farmer of Pakistan should be educated in term of visits to govt. research institutions and adoptive research farms to understand the right step to words better yield.

Solute dynamics and the Ontario nitrogen index: II. Nitrate leaching

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.F. Drury ◽  
W.D. Reynolds ◽  
G.W. Parkin ◽  
J.D. Lauzon ◽  
J.K. Saso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Zone ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
N Loss ◽  
Solute Dynamics ◽  
N Management ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Leaching Risk

Nitrogen (N) leaching from soil into surface and ground waters is a concern in humid areas of Canada. As a result, N management protocols, including the Ontario N Index, are widely used to identify N leaching risk, although field assessment remains limited. Nitrogen fertilizer and chloride (Cl) tracer were fall-applied to five agricultural soils in Ontario with different textures and hydrologic soil groups (HSG) to assess the Ontario N Index and characterize inorganic N movement over 1 yr. The treatments included three N rates (0, 100, and 200 kg N ha−1) plus Cl tracer and 200 kg N ha−1 rate without Cl. After spring thaw, N loss from the crop root zone (top 60 cm) ranged from 68% for Brookston clay loam to 99% for Harrow sandy loam. A strong linear relationship between apparent N recovery and apparent Cl recovery indicated that N loss from the root zone occurred primarily by downward leaching. Leaching was controlled by the minimum measured saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), and good estimates of N leaching were obtained using a quasi-theoretical relationship between N loss and Ksat. We concluded that Ontario N Index estimates of N leaching risk might be improved by including site-specific measurements of Ksat.

ESTIMATION OF CONSUMPTIVE USE OF POTATO CROP PIANTED UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM BY USING SWRT TECHNOLOGY

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-282
Author(s):  
J.N. Abedalrahman ◽  
R.J. Mansor ◽  
D.R. Abass
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Spring Season

A field experiment was carried out in the field of the College of Agriculture / University of Wasit, located on longitude  45o   50o   33.5o   East and latitude 32o 29o 49.8o North, in Spring season of the agricultural season 2019, in order to estimate the water consumption of potato crop using SWRT technology and under the drip irrigation system. The experiment was designed according to Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications and four treatments that include of the SWRT treatment (the use of plastic films under the plant root area in an engineering style), and the treatment of vegetal fertilizer (using Petmos), organic fertilizer (sheep manure), and the control treatment . Potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.)  var. Burin was planted for spring season on 10/2/2019 at the soil depth of 5-10 cm. The highest reference water consumption for the potato crop during the season was calculated by Najeeb Kharufa, which was 663.03 mm. The highest actual water consumption for the potato crop during the season for the control treatment was 410.1 mm. The results showed increase in the values of the crop coefficient (Kc) in the stages of tubers formation and tubers filling stage as compared to the vegetative and ripening stages, ranged from 1.37-1.92 for the two stages of tubers formation and tubers filling. The SWRT treatment gave the highest water use efficiency during the season, was 3.46 kg m-3 .

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