scholarly journals Labeling Water Transport Efficiencies

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Gómez ◽  
Roberto del Teso ◽  
Enrique Cabrera ◽  
Enrique Cabrera ◽  
Javier Soriano
Keyword(s):  
Water Transport ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Relative Metrics ◽  
Energy Score ◽  
Current Water

Pressurized Water Transport Systems (PWTSs) are responsible for a large percentage of the electricity consumption around the world, and current trends suggest that this proportion will continue to increase in the future. Controlling PWTS is therefore fundamental, including improving efficiency when necessary or compulsory. To achieve this, metrics to objectively assess the efficiency of the different losses and of the whole system are needed. These metrics, based on economic criteria, will be stricter if environmental costs are added to current water and energy costs. To assess different improvement strategies, some relative metrics, applied to both operational and structural losses, are considered. At the end, taking into account their relevance, these metrics are combined in a global energy score (IS), this being the main contribution of this paper. Finally, to focus on the concepts and methodology, a simple case study is presented.

scholarly journals Sustainable Transport in the Danube Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6797
Author(s):  
Peter Mako ◽  
Andrej Dávid ◽  
Patrik Böhm ◽  
Sorin Savu
Keyword(s):  
Water Transport ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Inland Water ◽  
Danube Region ◽  
Inland Water Transport

Sustainability of transport systems is a key issue in transport. The main question is whether high levels of road and railway transport in areas along navigable waterways is an effective solution for this issue. The Danube waterway is an example. Generally, it is not observed that traffic performance is not as high as on the Rhine. This paper deals with the revelation of the available capacity of this waterway based on approximation functions and their comparison with real transport performances. This methodology points to the level of use of waterways. The connection of this model with the production of fossil fuels creates a basis for a case study. The case study in this paper offers a possibility for a sustainable and environmentally friendly transition from road transport to inland water transport on the example of specific transport routes. The main contribution of this paper is a presentation of the application of sustainable models of use transport capacity to increase the share of environmentally friendly and sustainable inland water transport. The conclusion based on the case study and materials is that the available capacity of inland water transport on the Danube could support the transition of traffic performances to sustainable and environmentally friendly means of transport.

scholarly journals Deterministic Model to Estimate the Energy Requirements of Pressurized Water Transport Systems

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
Enrique Cabrera ◽  
Roberto del Teso ◽  
Elena Gómez ◽  
Enrique Cabrera ◽  
Elvira Estruch-Juan
Keyword(s):  
Water Transport ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Energy Needs

Energy intensity, Ie (kWh/m3) is the most popular indicator when characterizing the energy requirements of the water cycle, due to its direct and easy interpretation. In pressurized water transport systems, when referred to an appropriate physical framework (such as a single water transport pipeline), it assesses the efficiency of the process. However, in complex urban water transport networks, Ie only provides a basic notion of the energy needs of the system. The aim of this paper is to define a standard physical framework for assessing the energy intensity in water transport and distribution systems. To that purpose, an analytic expression that estimates Ie is proposed, based on system data and its operating conditions. The results allow for a realistic approximation of the energy needs of water transport. This energy assessment is completed with two context indicators: energy origin (C1) and topographic energy (θt), both essential when the energy efficiency of different systems is to be compared.

scholarly journals Towards DC Energy Efficient Homes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 6005
Author(s):  
Daniel Villanueva ◽  
Moisés Cordeiro-Costas ◽  
Andrés E. Feijóo-Lorenzo ◽  
Antonio Fernández-Otero ◽  
Edelmiro Miguez-García
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Led Lighting ◽  
Shed Light

The aim of this paper is to shed light on the question regarding whether the integration of an electric battery as a part of a domestic installation may increase its energy efficiency in comparison with a conventional case. When a battery is included in such an installation, two types of electrical conversion must be considered, i.e., AC/DC and DC/AC, and hence the corresponding losses due to these converters must not be forgotten when performing the analysis. The efficiency of the whole system can be increased if one of the mentioned converters is avoided or simply when its dimensioning is reduced. Possible ways to achieve this goal can be: to use electric vehicles as DC suppliers, the use of as many DC home devices as possible, and LED lighting or charging devices based on renewables. With all this in mind, several scenarios are proposed here in order to have a look at all possibilities concerning AC and DC powering. With the aim of checking these scenarios using real data, a case study is analyzed by operating with electricity consumption mean values.

scholarly journals Performance assessment of alternative SSS networks by combining KPIs and factor-cluster analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Serra ◽  
Gianfranco Fancello
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Performance Benchmarking ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Quantitative Results

Abstract Performance assessment is a fundamental tool to successfully monitor and manage logistics and transport systems. In the field of Short Sea Shipping (SSS), the performance of the various maritime initiatives should be analyzed to assess the best way to achieve efficiency and guide related policies. This study proposes a quantitative methodology which can serve as a decision-support tool in the preliminary assessment and comparison of alternative SSS networks. The research is executed via a Mediterranean case study that compares a hypothetical Mediterranean ro-ro SSS network developed in the framework of a past Euro-Mediterranean cooperation project with the network of existing ro-ro liner services operating in the area. Performance benchmarking of the two networks is performed using a set of quantitative Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and applying a factor-cluster analysis to produce homogeneous clusters of services based on the relevant variables while accounting for sample heterogeneity. Quantitative results mostly confirm the overall better performance of the prospective network and demonstrate that using KPIs and factor-cluster analysis to investigate the performance of maritime networks can provide policymakers with a preliminary wealth of knowledge that can help in setting targeted policy for SSS-oriented initiatives.

scholarly journals Trends in Qualitative Research in Three Major Language Teaching and Learning Journals, 2006–2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroko Tojo ◽  
Akiko Takagi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Major Language ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Learning Journals ◽  
Language Teaching And Learning

This study examines the current trends and complexities in qualitative research in three major language teaching andlearning journals published from 2006–2015. After categorizing 781 articles into quantitative, qualitative, mixedmethods, and other approaches, 226 qualitative research articles were closely examined and further analyzed in termsof four dimensions: approaches, methods, number of participants, and length of research period. The findingsshowed that case study was the most frequently employed approach, followed by ethnography. The study alsoidentified that while interviews, observations, discourse analysis, and conversation analysis were relatively wellutilized, more than 150 different data collection and analysis methods were used. Although the results of the studyshow a tendency to use certain approaches and methods in qualitative research more than others, they alsodemonstrate the complexity and diversity of qualitative research and the difficulty in clarifying and categorizingtypes of qualitative research in language teaching and learning.

scholarly journals The Central Tenets of GIM: Consciousness and the Integration of Psychotherapy and Spirituality

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Smith Goldberg ◽  
Louise Dimiceli-Mitran
Keyword(s):  
Guided Imagery ◽  
Guided Imagery And Music ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
Bonny Method

Abstract Spirituality and psychotherapy are both inherent in the Bonny Method of Guided Imagery and Music. This article discusses the integration of these aspects of GIM and the evolution of Helen Bonny's journey in this regard. Included are Bonny's early humanistic and transpersonal influences, along with her grounding philosophy of the healing aspects of music, the central tenets of GIM as she initially envisioned, and the development of GIM theory as it relates to this integration. A GIM case study illustrates how psychotherapy and spirituality work together in a holistic way. Current trends indicate that transpersonal practices are becoming more mainstream in many areas of the world.

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