scholarly journals Application of a Low Cost Ceramic Filter for Recycling Sand Filter Backwash Water

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Ceramic Filter ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Filter Backwash Water

scholarly journals Experimental Study for Sand Filter Backwash Water Management: Low-Cost Treatment for Recycling and Residual Sludge Utilization for Radium Removal

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 2799
Author(s):  
Md. Shafiquzzaman ◽  
Saleem S. AlSaleem ◽  
Husnain Haider ◽  
Mohammad T. Alresheedi ◽  
Hussein Thabit
Keyword(s):  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ceramic Filter ◽  
Sand Filters ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Mass Transfer Processes ◽  
Residual Sludge ◽  
Cost Treatment ◽  
Ceramic Filtration

Management of backwash water (BW) generated from sand filtration of groundwater naturally contaminated with iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and radium (Ra) remains a challenge worldwide. The present study investigated the effectiveness of a low-cost clay ceramic filter for BW recycling along with residual sludge utilization for Ra removal from BW. A 15 day continuous ceramic filtration process operated at a constant flux of 2000 L/m2/d (83 LMH) showed 99% removal of Fe, Mn, and turbidity. The treated BW was found suitable for recycling back to the sand filters. Subsequently, the residual sand filter backwash sludge (BS) was collected, characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction, and examined as a potential adsorbent to the Ra. Results showed that the sludge constituted heterogeneous basic elements, with higher percentages of iron and manganese oxides. The sludge can be classified as typical mesoporous and poorly crystalline minerals consisting primarily of quartz and Mn2O3. Over 60% of Ra from the initial 2.1 bq/L could be removed by sludge in 30 min at neutral pH. The adsorption kinetics of sludge described well by the pseudo-second order model and Ra adsorption on the sludge were mainly controlled by chemisorption rate-controlling steps, intraparticle diffusion, and external mass transfer processes. Treatment of BW by low-cost clay ceramic filters and the utilization the BS for Ra removal would be a sustainable sand filter BW management practice.

Study on the Water Treatment Properties of the Porous Ceramic Filter Balls Synthesized with Industrial Solid Waste

2013 ◽  
Vol 320 ◽  
pp. 683-687
Author(s):  
Yong Jiang Di ◽  
Bi Jia ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Xiao Hong Xu ◽  
Jian Feng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Filter ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Ceramic Ball ◽  
Industrial Solid Waste ◽  
Filter Materials

The porous ceramic filter balls were synthesized with industrial solid waste by ceramic process. The removal efficiency, filtration velocity and turbidity for the water treatment properties of the porous ceramic ball filter materials was studied comparing with that of the quartz sand filter materials. The test result shown that the decontamination efficiency of the porous ceramic ball filter was 5% to 10% high than that of the quartz sand filter. When the water turbidity fluctuated with magnitude about 50%, the changes of final water turbidity was in the range of 5% to 8% through the porous ceramic ball filter. The energy saving efficiency of the porous ceramic ball filter was very significant for the porous ceramic ball filter effectively extend the filtration cycle life.

scholarly journals Effect of Media Properties on Performance of Sand Filtration for Drain Water Treatment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled A. I. Ismail ◽  
Sayed I. A. Ismail ◽  
Ahmed S. El-Gendy ◽  
Tarek I. M. Sabry
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Drain Water ◽  
Sand Filter

In an attempt to improve the quality of the agricultural drain in Egypt for its reuse again in the irrigation, low cost solution such as sand filter along with/ without other filtration media have been used in this research, As a result of that, pilot plant of sand filter mixed with other filtration media was tested for its ability to improve the sand performance in removing the suspended solids and organic matters from agricultural drain water of the Belbeis drain (in Sharkia governorate in Egypt). Only sand compared with sand with sponge and sand with Liyan Nanfang activated carbon (L.N.A.C) have been tested to find the optimum mixing sand/ medium ratio &optimum infiltration rate. The work has been done on four runs. It was found that sand mixed with sponge gave the best removal efficiency compared to that of the sand only and the sand mixed with L.N.A.C. The results presented that the concentration of CODt, CODsol and TSS was reduced from 125, 47 and 162 mg/l to 44, 34 and 28 mg/l respectively at optimum infiltration rate of 2 m3/m2/d for sand mixed with sponge.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Low-Cost Ceramic Filter for Sustainable Reuse of Urban Stormwater in Arid Environments

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 460
Author(s):  
Md. Shafiquzzaman ◽  
Husnain Haider ◽  
Yousry Mahmoud Ghazaw ◽  
Fawaz Alharbi ◽  
Saleem S. AlSaleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ceramic Filter ◽  
Continuous Mode ◽  
Urban Stormwater ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Alum Coagulation ◽  
Ceramic Filtration

Sustainable reuse of urban stormwater is inevitable in the fight against water crises in arid regions. This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a low-cost ceramic filtration process for reuse applications of urban stormwater. Stormwater was collected from a storage pond located in Buraydah (Qassim, Saudi Arabia) for laboratory experiments. The filtration tests were performed in a continuous mode with constant pressure using a low-cost ceramic filter made of clay soil and rice bran. The removal rates of the contaminants (heavy metals) as well as the turbidity, suspended solids, and nutrients of the stormwater were assessed. High removal efficiencies for turbidity (97.4%), suspended solids (97.0%), BOD5 (78.4%), and COD (76.1%) were achieved while low removals were achieved for the nutrients: 19.7% for total nitrogen, 25.3% for nitrate, and 8.6% for phosphate. Removal efficiencies ranged between 36.2% and 99.9% for the heavy metals, i.e., iron, manganese, lead, zinc, nickel, copper, cadmium, selenium, and barium. Contaminant removal rates observed for the ceramic filter were also compared with the alum coagulation process operated in a continuous mode at an optimum alum dose of 50 mg/L. Similar removal behaviors for removal of turbidity, suspended solids, organics, nutrients, and heavy metals suggested that both ceramic filtration and alum coagulation can be effectively used for stormwater treatment. Effluent qualities of both the ceramic filter and alum coagulation met the standards, for recycling/reuse of wastewater, set by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and World Health Organization for unrestricted irrigation and toilet flushing. The study results revealed that ceramic filtration is a low-cost, energy efficient, and easy to maintain technology which can be complimentary to best management practices for stormwater.

A new generation low-cost biochar-clay composite ‘biscuit’ ceramic filter for point-of-use water treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 105409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nhamo Chaukura ◽  
Robert Chiworeso ◽  
Willis Gwenzi ◽  
Machawe M. Motsa ◽  
Wisdom Munzeiwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ceramic Filter ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
New Generation

Development and evaluation of a low-cost ceramic filter for the removal of methyl orange, hexavalent chromium, and Escherichia coli from water

2020 ◽  
Vol 249 ◽  
pp. 122965
Author(s):  
Nhamo Chaukura ◽  
Gerald Katengeza ◽  
Willis Gwenzi ◽  
Chiedza I. Mbiriri ◽  
Thabo TI. Nkambule ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ceramic Filter

Application of a simple arsenic removal filter in a rural area of Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 658-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Md Shafiquzzaman ◽  
Jun Nakajima ◽  
Quazi Hamidul Bari
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ceramic Filter ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sustained Use ◽  
Actual Field ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
X Ray Absorption

A simple and low-cost household-based arsenic (As) removal filter (ARF) was tested under actual field conditions in a rural area of Bangladesh. The ARF consisted of a ceramic filter made of clay soil and rice bran collected on-site, iron netting and iron bacterial sludge liquor. Fifteen ARFs (14 shallow and one deep tubewells) were installed in three villages (five in each area) in the Khulna region (southwestern region of Bangladesh), and their performance was evaluated. More than 60% of ARFs produced effluent with As <50 μg/L (Bangladesh standard level). The effects of Fe and P on As removal were the same as in laboratory experiments. X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS) analysis showed the adsorption of primarily As(V), with lesser amounts of As(III). Continuous As removal performance was observed over 1 year of ARF use. By introducing a double ARF system, the As removal was significantly enhanced for the region with high As contamination levels. The ARF manufacturing cost was estimated to be US$4–5, which is low and affordable to the rural households of Bangladesh. The ARF, made of locally available materials, had a low cost and minimal maintenance and showed high user acceptance, satisfaction and sustained use.

scholarly journals The efficiency of the sand filtration unit mixed with different packing materials in drain water treatment in Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Abd el naser I. Ibrahim ◽  
Tarek Ismail M. Sabry ◽  
Ahmed S. El-Gendy ◽  
Sayed I. A. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Drain Water ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Filtration Unit

AbstractIn an attempt to improve the quality of the agricultural drain in Egypt for its reuse again in the irrigation, low-cost solution such as sand filter along with/without other filtration media has been used in this research. As a result of that, pilot plant of sand filter mixed with other filtration media was tested for its ability to improve the sand performance in removing the suspended solids and organic matters from agricultural drain water of the Belbeis drain (in Sharkia governorate in Egypt). Sand only, sand mixed with sponge, sand mixed with activated carbon and sand mixed with ceramic cylinders have been tested to find the best media combination and optimum mixing sand/ medium ratio and optimum infiltration rate. The work has been done on four runs. It was found that sand mixed with ceramic cylinders gave the best removal efficiency with respect to total chemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand for solution which were 77, 74%, respectively, whereas sand mixed with sponge had the best removal efficiency with respect to total suspended solids which was 89%. Also, all tested media combination had effluent quality that complied with Egyptian law 48 for the year 1982 regarding the disposal of wastewater into agricultural drains (chemical oxygen demand ≤ 80 mg/l, total suspended solids ≤ 50 mg/l).

scholarly journals Utilização de filtro intermitente de areia como pós-tratamento de esgoto doméstico – estudo da taxa de aplicação superficial

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (47) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Robson Arruda Dos Santos ◽  
Gilson Barbosa Athayde Junior
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Sand Filters ◽  
Treatment Unit ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
The Impact

<p class="Normal1">This research is the study of surface application rate for intermittent sand filter sizing, with emphasis to its constructive aspect. It is a design parameter set by the NBR 13969/1997 like the relation between the flow of sewage and surface area of a treatment unit. We examined the main research projects that studied the use of sand filter as post-treatment sewage, highlighting the superficial application rates used in these studies, comparing them with the recommendations of the Brazilian standard that deal with it. The results show that the NBR 13969/97 recommends a lower value to those obtained by Brazilian and foreigner researchers, and regarding Brazilian research, the value of the standard (100 L / m².dia) is always below the rates evaluated. Thus, we highlight the need to update the NBR 13969/97, for that would meet the actual demand for building sand filters, reactor treating of low cost of construction and maintenance, and good removal efficiency of organic matter and nitrification . The environmental benefits are indisputabl and the improvement of the quality of the effluent decreases the impact on water bodies and soil.</p>

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