scholarly journals Challenges of Rabies Serology: Defining Context of Interpretation

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1516
Author(s):  
Susan M. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Case Fatality ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Common Assumption ◽  
Measure Function ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
The Common ◽  
Indirect Fluorescence Antibody

The case fatality rate of rabies, nearly 100%, is one of the most unique characteristic of this ancient virus infection. The crucial role rabies virus neutralizing antibody plays in protection is both well established and explanation of why rabies serology is important. Various laboratory methods can and have been used but serum neutralization methods have long been the gold standard due to the ability to measure function (neutralization), however these methods can be difficult to perform for several reasons. Assays such as enzyme linked absorbance assays (ELISA), indirect fluorescence antibody (IFA) and more recently lateral flow methods are in use. Interpretation of results can be problematic, not only between methods but also due to modifications of the same method that can lead to misinterpretations. A common assumption in review of laboratory test results is that different methods for the same component produce comparable results under all conditions or circumstances. Assumptions and misinterpretations provide the potential for detrimental decisions, ranging from regulatory to clinically related, and most importantly what ‘level’ is protective. Review of the common challenges in performance and interpretation of rabies serology and specific examples illuminate critical issues to consider when reviewing and applying results of rabies serological testing.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and pregnancy – where are we now? A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 428-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Rajewska ◽  
Wioletta Mikołajek-Bedner ◽  
Joanna Lebdowicz-Knul ◽  
Małgorzata Sokołowska ◽  
Sebastian Kwiatkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Fatality ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Protective Antibodies ◽  
Polymerase Chain

AbstractThe new acute respiratory disease severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly contagious. It has caused many deaths, despite a relatively low general case fatality rate (CFR). The most common early manifestations of infection are fever, cough, fatigue and myalgia. The diagnosis is based on the exposure history, clinical manifestation, laboratory test results, chest computed tomography (CT) findings and a positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) result for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The effect of SARS-CoV-2 on pregnancy is not already clear. There is no evidence that pregnant women are more susceptible than the general population. In the third trimester, COVID-19 can cause premature rupture of membranes, premature labour and fetal distress. There are no data on complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection before the third trimester. COVID-19 infection is an indication for delivery if necessary to improve maternal oxygenation. Decision on delivery mode should be individualised. Vertical transmission of coronavirus from the pregnant woman to the fetus has not been proven. As the virus is absent in breast milk, the experts encourage breastfeeding for neonatal acquisition of protective antibodies.

Influence of Underbody Suspended Equipment on Rail Ride Comfort

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Corradi ◽  
Laura Mazzola ◽  
Francesco Ripamonti ◽  
Lorenzo Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Elastic Behaviour ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
The Common

This paper illustrates a methodology that, by means of laboratory and on-track tests, allows for an appropriate design of the connection elements between the suspended equipment and the carbody in order to enhance the rail ride comfort. In particular at first the connection elements are tested in laboratory to assess their visco-elastic behaviour simulating the common operating conditions. Subsequently on-track tests and experimental modal analysis are carried out to identify the interaction between underframe equipment motions and carbody modes. In the experimental tests, starting from the laboratory test results, it is possible to define the connection elements in order to minimise the negative influence on vehicle ride comfort. Two different solutions are proposed: the “TMD solution” (the suspension is tuned on the natural frequency of the carbody mode most relevant from the comfort point of view) and the “suspended solution” (the suspension system aims to decouple the two subsystems).

scholarly journals Circadian rhythms of cardiac troponins: mechanisms and clinical significance

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 4061
Author(s):  
A. M. Chaulin ◽  
P. D. Duplyakova ◽  
D. V. Duplyakov
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Cardiac Troponins

Modern laboratory methods for determining biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases are highly sensitive and can detect almost single molecules in human biological fluids, significantly speeding up and improving the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. However, in this case, there is a decrease in specificity and it is necessary to take into account a number of additional factors that may affect the result of the study. Recent studies have shown that circadian rhythms (CR) are among these factors. This review article is devoted to the discussion of recently discovered CR of cardiac troponins (CT). A number of articles reported that, both in healthy people and in patients with a number of chronic diseases, CT concentrations change during the day. Given that modern algorithms for diagnosing myocardial infarction (MI) are based on serial studies (0-1 h and 0-3 h) of blood serum, and the values of CT in the blood serum for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) for this period of time are only a few ng/l, the CT CR can to some extent affect the accuracy of MI diagnosis. Thus, natural physiological changes in the concentration of CT during the day can be mistakenly interpreted as diagnostically significant deviations and lead to an erroneous interpretation of laboratory test results.

Student Perceptions of Community: A Different Perspective

NASPA Journal ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackie Clark ◽  
Joan Hirt
Keyword(s):  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Research University ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Common Assumption ◽  
Small Communities ◽  
Public Research University ◽  
The Common ◽  
Using Data

The creation of small communities has been proposed as a way of enhancing the educational experience of students at large institutions. Using data from a survey of students living in large and small residences at a public research university, this study does not support the common assumption that small-scale social environments are more conducive to positive community life than large-scale social environments.

Effect of Ibuprofen on Serum Laboratory Test Results

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1025-1034
Author(s):  
Carol L. Colvin ◽  
Raymond J. Townsend ◽  
William R. Gillespie ◽  
Kenneth S. Albert
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Laboratory Test Results

scholarly journals Śaivism after the Śaiva Age: Continuities in the Scriptural Corpus of the Vīramāheśvaras

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Elaine M. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Common Assumption ◽  
Academic Practice ◽  
The Common ◽  
Popular Work ◽  
First Time

This article makes the case that Vīraśaivism emerged in direct textual continuity with the tantric traditions of the Śaiva Age. In academic practice up through the present day, the study of Śaivism, through Sanskrit sources, and bhakti Hinduism, through the vernacular, are generally treated as distinct disciplines and objects of study. As a result, Vīraśaivism has yet to be systematically approached through a philological analysis of its precursors from earlier Śaiva traditions. With this aim in mind, I begin by documenting for the first time that a thirteenth-century Sanskrit work of what I have called the Vīramāheśvara textual corpus, the Somanāthabhāṣya or Vīramāheśvarācārasāroddhārabhāṣya, was most likely authored by Pālkurikĕ Somanātha, best known for his vernacular Telugu Vīraśaiva literature. Second, I outline the indebtedness of the early Sanskrit and Telugu Vīramāheśvara corpus to a popular work of early lay Śaivism, the Śivadharmaśāstra, with particular attention to the concepts of the jaṅgama and the iṣṭaliṅga. That the Vīramāheśvaras borrowed many of their formative concepts and practices directly from the Śivadharmaśāstra and other works of the Śaiva Age, I argue, belies the common assumption that Vīraśaivism originated as a social and religious revolution.

Pensare Dio. Spunti di riflessione in dialogo con Anca Vasiliu

Elenchos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-194
Author(s):  
Angela Longo
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Common Thread ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Relevant Topic ◽  
The Common ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Trinity

AbstractThe following work features elements to ponder and an in-depth explanation taken on the Anca Vasiliu’s study about the possibilities and ways of thinking of God by a rational entity, such as the human being. This is an ever relevant topic that, however, takes place in relation to Platonic authors and texts, especially in Late Antiquity. The common thread is that the human being is a God’s creature who resembles him and who is image of. Nevertheless, this also applies within the Christian Trinity according to which, not without problems, the Son is the image of the Father. Lastly, also the relationship of the Spirit with the Father and the Son, always within the Trinity, can be considered as a relationship of similarity, but again not without critical issues between the similarity of attributes, on the one hand, and the identity of nature, on the other.

Quality benchmarking of smartphone laboratory medicine applications: comparison of laboratory medicine specialists’ and non-laboratory medicine professionals’ evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Snežana Jovičić ◽  
Joanna Siodmiak ◽  
Marta Duque Alcorta ◽  
Maximillian Kittel ◽  
Wytze Oosterhuis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Quality ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Laboratory Medicine ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Content Quality ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
System Usability Scale ◽  
Mobile Health Applications ◽  
Fit For Purpose ◽  
Health Applications

AbstractObjectivesThere are many mobile health applications (apps) now available and some that use in some way laboratory medicine data. Among them, patient-oriented are of the lowest content quality. The aim of this study was to compare the opinions of non-laboratory medicine professionals (NLMP) with those of laboratory medicine specialists (LMS) and define the benchmarks for quality assessment of laboratory medicine apps.MethodsTwenty-five volunteers from six European countries evaluated 16 selected patient-oriented apps. Participants were 20–60 years old, 44% were females, with different educational degrees, and no professional involvement in laboratory medicine. Each participant completed a questionnaire based on the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) and the System Usability Scale, as previously used for rating the app quality by LMS. The responses from the two groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman correlation.ResultsThe median total score of NLMP app evaluation was 2.73 out of 5 (IQR 0.95) compared to 3.78 (IQR 1.05) by the LMS. All scores were statistically significantly lower in the NLMP group (p<0.05), except for the item Information quality (p=0.1631). The suggested benchmarks for a useful appear: increasing awareness of the importance and delivering an understanding of persons’ own laboratory test results; understandable terminology; easy to use; appropriate graphic design, and trustworthy information.ConclusionsNLMP’ evaluation confirmed the low utility of currently available laboratory medicine apps. A reliable app should contain trustworthy and understandable information. The appearance of an app should be fit for purpose and easy to use.

scholarly journals Atypical anti-glomerular basement membrane disease with anti-GBM antibody negativity and ANCA positivity: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Guo ◽  
Qinghua Yin ◽  
Song Lei ◽  
Yanjun He ◽  
Ping Fu
Keyword(s):  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Glomerular Basement Membrane ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Severe Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Organ Specific

Abstract Background Anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease is an organ-specific autoimmune disease that involves the lung and kidneys and leads to rapid glomerulonephritis progression, with or without diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, and even respiratory failure. Classic cases of anti-GBM disease are diagnosed based on the presence of the anti-GBM antibody in serum samples and kidney or lung biopsy tissue samples. However, atypical cases of anti-GBM disease are also seen in clinical practice. Case presentation We herein report the rare case of a patient with atypical anti-GBM disease whose serum was negative for the anti-GBM antibody but positive for the myeloperoxidase (MPO) anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (p-ANCA) and another atypical ANCA. Laboratory test results showed severe renal insufficiency with a creatinine level of 385 μmol/L. Renal biopsy specimen analysis revealed 100% glomeruli with crescents; immunofluorescence showed immunoglobulin G (IgG) linearly deposited alongside the GBM. Finally, the patient was discharged successfully after treatment with plasmapheresis, methylprednisolone and prednisone. Conclusion This patient, whose serum was negative for the anti-GBM antibody but positive for p-ANCA and another atypical ANCA, had a rare case of anti-GBM disease. Insights from this unusual case might help physicians diagnose rare forms of glomerulonephritis and treat affected patients in a timely manner.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document