scholarly journals New Insights into the Management of an EHV-1 (Equine Hospital) Outbreak

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1429
Author(s):  
Eveline Vandenberghe ◽  
Berit Boshuizen ◽  
Catherine J. G. Delesalle ◽  
Lutz S. Goehring ◽  
Katy A. Groome ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Hospital Outbreak ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Negative Publicity ◽  
Hospital Population ◽  
Equine Sports ◽  
Privately Owned

In May 2018, Wolvega Equine Hospital (WEH) experienced an EHV-1 outbreak. This outbreak caused significant economic losses and negative publicity for the hospital. How should hospitals prepare themselves for these outbreaks and prevent shedding of the virus on multiple neighboring premises? The hospital transformed most of its activities into mobile practice and the entire infected hospital population was moved to a separate remote location. The hospital was cleaned and disinfected according to the latest recommendations before reopening. Four neighboring professional equine businesses and three privately owned premises were affected by the spread of the virus from the hospital population and initiated quarantine restrictions. Equine hospitals should prepare themselves for EHV-1 outbreaks as the intake of the virus cannot be prevented. A management protocol should include public information protocols, swift client information and quarantine measures that ensure quick containment of the outbreak. Timely reopening of the hospital can be achieved by rehousing the contaminated population. It should also include good regulations with clients and a properly carried out release protocol. Equine sports organizations should establish sufficient vaccination coverage in order to decrease the frequency of EHV-1 outbreaks.

scholarly journals Critical Analysis of the Value of Drought Information and Impacts on Land Management and Public Health

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1064
Author(s):  
Tingting Liu ◽  
Kelly Helm Smith ◽  
Richard Krop ◽  
Tonya Haigh ◽  
Mark Svoboda
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Bureau Of Land Management

This paper reviews previous efforts to assign monetary value to climatic or meteorological information, such as public information on drought, climate, early warning systems, and weather forecast information. Methods and tools that have been explored to examine the benefits of climatic and meteorological information include the avoided cost, contingent valuation, choice experiments, benefit transfer, and descriptive approaches using surveys. The second part of this paper discusses specific considerations related to valuing drought information for public health and the Bureau of Land Management. We found a multitude of connections between drought and the land management and health sectors in the literature. The majority of the papers that we summarized only report biophysical change, because the economic losses of drought are not available. Only a few papers reported economic loss associated with drought. To determine the value of drought information, we need to know more about the role it plays in decision making and what sources of drought information are used in different sectors. This inventory of methods and impacts highlights opportunities for further research in valuing drought information in land management and public health.

scholarly journals Development of a high number, high coverage dog rabies vaccination programme in Sri Lanka.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Sánchez Soriano ◽  
Andrew D. Gibson ◽  
Luke Gamble ◽  
Jordana L. Burdon Bailey ◽  
Samantha Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
Static Point ◽  
Rabies Vaccination

Abstract Background: Rabies is estimated to cause 59,000 deaths and economic losses of 8.6 billion USD every year. Despite several years of rabies surveillance and awareness programmes, increased availability of post-exposure prophylaxis vaccinations and dog population control, the disease still remains prevalent in Sri Lanka. This study reports the development and roll-out of a high number, high coverage canine rabies vaccination campaign in Sri Lanka, providing estimates for the vaccination coverage achieved, analysing the local dog demographics, and identifying barriers of attendance to static vaccination clinics. Methods: A mass dog vaccination campaign was undertaken in Negombo, Sri Lanka. The campaign was composed of static point and door-to-door vaccination stages, with a final survey of vaccination coverage. A large volume of data on the distribution, health, and signalment of vaccinated dogs was collected through a mobile phone application. A logistic regression model was developed to investigate which socio-spatial and dog-related factors influenced attendance of owners to static vaccination points. Results: The campaign vaccinated over 7,800 dogs achieving a vaccination coverage of 75.8%. A dog:human ratio of 1:17 was estimated. Most dogs were owned, and the dog population was mostly male, adult, and non-sterilized. Unawareness, unavailability and handling problems were the most common reasons given by owners to explain failure to attend a static vaccination point. The regression analysis showed that increasing distance to a static point, in addition to young age and poor health of the dog, were associated with a decrease in the likelihood of attendance to a static vaccination points. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of high number, high coverage vaccination campaigns in Sri Lanka. The information on dog ecology and barriers of attendance to a static point vaccination clinic will facilitate development of future vaccination campaigns.

scholarly journals A Perfect Storm: The Social and Institutional Contexts of Samoa’s 2019-2020 Measles Epidemic and the Lessons learned for the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Ramona Boodoosingh ◽  
◽  
Safua Akeli Amaama ◽  
Penelope Schoeffel ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Institutional Contexts

In late 2019 and early 2020, an epidemic of measles ravaged Samoa, and nearly three people in every hundred (2.83%) in the small population were infected, with 1860 hospitalizations and 83 deaths, mainly children. In the circumstances of the 2020 Covid-19 pandemic, this case study shows that even when a proven vaccine exists for an infectious disease, circumstances may prevent its effective use. As academics and researchers who live and work in Samoa, this article seeks to shed some light into contributing factors to the measles outbreak. These include inadequate data collection, low vaccination coverage, weak institutional capacity, unpreparedness for an epidemic, lack of public information, vaccine hesitancy and anti-vaccine propaganda and public recourse to traditional and ‘alternative’ therapies. Through a combination of personal observation, analysis of media articles, government reports and historical documents, we present an overview of the circumstances of the measles epidemic. We trace the circumstances of low vaccination coverage, institutional weaknesses and an uninformed public resulting in a delayed an effective response. In conclusion we reflect on the lessons that history offers on public health services in Samoa. Keywords: Measles, Epidemic, Samoa, public health, Covid-19, vaccination.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGH NUMBER, HIGH COVERAGE DOG RABIES VACCINATION PROGRAMME IN SRI LANKA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Sánchez Soriano ◽  
Andrew D. Gibson ◽  
Luke Gamble ◽  
Jordana L. Burdon Bailey ◽  
Samantha Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
Static Point ◽  
Rabies Vaccination

Abstract Background: Rabies is estimated to cause 59,000 deaths and economic losses of 8.6 billion USD every year. Despite several years of rabies surveillance and awareness programmes, increased availability of post-exposure prophylaxis vaccinations and dog population control, the disease still remains prevalent in Sri Lanka. This study reports the development and roll-out of a high number, high coverage canine rabies vaccination campaign in Sri Lanka, providing estimates for the vaccination coverage achieved, analysing the local dog demographics, and identifying barriers of attendance to static vaccination clinics. Methods: A mass dog vaccination campaign was undertaken in Negombo, Sri Lanka. The campaign was composed of static point and door-to-door vaccination stages, with a final survey of vaccination coverage. A large volume of data on the distribution, health, and signalment of vaccinated dogs was collected through a mobile phone application. A logistic regression model was developed to investigate which socio-spatial and dog-related factors influenced attendance of owners to static vaccination points. Results: The campaign vaccinated over 7,800 dogs achieving a vaccination coverage of 75.8%. A dog:human ratio of 1:17 was estimated. Most dogs were owned, and the dog population was mostly male, adult, and non-sterilized. Unawareness, unavailability and handling problems were the most common reasons given by owners to explain failure to attend a static vaccination point. The regression analysis showed that increasing distance to a static point, in addition to young age and poor health of the dog, were associated with a decrease in the likelihood of attendance to a static vaccination points. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of high number, high coverage vaccination campaigns in Sri Lanka. The information on dog ecology and barriers of attendance to a static point vaccination clinic will facilitate development of future vaccination campaigns.

Doped and disclosed

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-143
Author(s):  
Andrey Makarychev ◽  
Sergey Medvedev
Keyword(s):  
Entire Population ◽  
Sovereign Power ◽  
Policy Area ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
Winter Olympics ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
Negative Publicity ◽  
Mega Sports Events

AbstractIn this article, we scrutinize a policy area in which the Russian government has had to react to negative publicity in the last few years, namely, the doping scandal surrounding the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics. This scandal uncovered important aspects of Russia’s vulnerability in the global sports milieu, yet so far, it has remained almost unnoticed in the literature on mega sports events in Russia. Our analysis is premised on the convergence of two types and techniques of control and regulation: anatomopolitics, which presupposes, in Michel Foucault’s interpretation of the term, measures of control over individual bodies, and biopolitics, which refers to policy practices that target and concern the entire population. Their conflation in the Russian context results in a controversial effect: it strengthens relations of hegemony yet also exposes the sovereign power to the regulations of global sports organizations.

scholarly journals Social value of online information in the hotel industry

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 810-817
Author(s):  
Remus Christian Moraru
Keyword(s):  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Online Environment ◽  
Know How ◽  
Competitive Edge ◽  
The Social ◽  
Content Strategy ◽  
Privately Owned

Abstract Studies show that public information can create social value, which reflects on the purpose of this paper in identifying information on the online environment of the hotel industry which can directly or indirectly create social value and ultimately a competitive edge. Privately owned, small and mid-sized hotels in Romania find themselves in competitive online environment and, as such, many of them cannot compete or don’t possess the know-how to compete within the online environment. With identifying the information shared on the hotels online environment and the capability of the information in creating social value, hotels can reevaluate their online strategies. The immediate objective of this paper is to analyze the websites of a sample of 99 small and mid-sized hotels in Romania and to identify critical information that can directly or indirectly create social value. Part of the objective is to draw a conclusion of the main differences on the information shared on the hotels website, which in terms will show where small and mid-sized hotels can improve their online content strategy with socially valuable information. Key findings reflect that Romanian hotels have a clear pattern across the country when it come to their online environment. However, there are serious deficiencies that can influence both economical results and the possibility of creating socially valuable information online. This work increases our understanding of the information shared on the hotels websites in Romania and comes with suggestions that hoteliers can apply in the future to increase the competitiveness and the social value of their online environment.

A Northern Army of Relief

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Scott Parrish
Keyword(s):  
Public Information ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
The Public ◽  
Radio Broadcasting ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Channels ◽  
The Military ◽  
Relief Efforts ◽  
Privately Owned

The Red Cross needed to draw national and international attention to the flood to prevent it from causing greater devastation of life. Commanded by the executive branch and aided by the military, the Red Cross enjoined privately owned media channels—newspapers, magazines, radio broadcasting companies, moving picture theaters—not only to disseminate the messages crafted by its Public Information bureau but also to be official channels for collecting donations from the public. This chapter considers how the media and entertainment industries produced public engagement out of the flood. The publicity push skirted the issue of the flood as evidence of a federal engineering blunder by representing relief efforts as a massive and flawless technocratic mechanism assembled by the country's best experts. At the broadest level, military scenes dominated the narrative. The flood was imagined as a fight between modern organization and primordial forces, as a battle between modern and ancient.

scholarly journals The Economic Cost of Noxious Weeds on Montana Grazing Lands

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane M. Mangold ◽  
Kate B. Fuller ◽  
Stacy C. Davis ◽  
Matthew J. Rinella
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Spotted Knapweed ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Centaurea Diffusa ◽  
Noxious Weeds ◽  
Noxious Weed ◽  
Grazing Lands ◽  
Privately Owned

AbstractWe distributed a 16-question survey concerning noxious weed abundance, impacts, and management to livestock producers grazing on privately owned or leased grazing lands in Montana. The noxious weeds most commonly reported as being present on respondents’ grazing units were Canada thistle [Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.] (64% of grazing units) and leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) (45% of grazing units), and these species also reportedly caused the greatest reductions in livestock forage. Houndstongue (Cynoglossum officinale L.) was more prevalent than either spotted knapweed (Centaurea stoebe L.) or diffuse knapweed (Centaurea diffusa Lam.) (39% vs. 32% and 10%, respectively, of grazing units), but collectively C. stoebe and C. diffusa were reported to cause greater forage reductions than C. officinale. The top three strategies used to manage noxious weeds were chemical control, grazing, and biological control. Combining survey responses with forage-loss models derived from field data for C. stoebe and E. esula, we estimated the combined cost of noxious weed management and forage losses on privately owned rangeland to be $3.54 ha−1 yr−1, or $7,243 annually for an average size grazing unit (i.e., 2,046 ha [5,055 ac]). Our estimates of economic losses are lower than many estimates from previous studies, possibly because we focused only on direct costs related to private grazing land, while other studies often consider indirect impacts. Nonetheless, our estimates are substantial; for example, our estimated loss equates to 24% of the average per-hectare lease rate for Montana grazing land.

scholarly journals Development of a high number, high coverage dog rabies vaccination programme in Sri Lanka.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Sánchez Soriano ◽  
Andrew D. Gibson ◽  
Luke Gamble ◽  
Jordana L. Burdon Bailey ◽  
Samantha Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
Static Point ◽  
Rabies Vaccination

Abstract Background: Rabies is estimated to cause 59,000 deaths and economic losses of 8.6 billion USD every year. Despite several years of rabies surveillance and awareness programmes, increased availability of post-exposure prophylaxis vaccinations and dog population control, the disease still remains prevalent in Sri Lanka. This study reports the development and roll-out of a high number, high coverage canine rabies vaccination campaign in Sri Lanka, providing estimates for the vaccination coverage achieved, analysing the local dog demographics, and identifying barriers of attendance to static vaccination clinics. Methods: A mass dog vaccination campaign was undertaken in Negombo, Sri Lanka. The campaign was composed of static point and door-to-door vaccination stages, with a final survey of vaccination coverage. A large volume of data on the distribution, health, and signalment of vaccinated dogs was collected through a mobile phone application. A logistic regression model was developed to investigate which socio-spatial and dog-related factors influenced attendance of owners to static vaccination points. Results: The campaign vaccinated over 7,800 dogs achieving a vaccination coverage of 75.8%. A dog:human ratio of 1:17 was estimated. Most dogs were owned, and the dog population was mostly male, adult, and non-sterilized. Unawareness, unavailability and handling problems were the most common reasons given by owners to explain failure to attend a static vaccination point. The regression analysis showed that increasing distance to a static point, in addition to young age and poor health of the dog, were associated with a decrease in the likelihood of attendance to a static vaccination points. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of high number, high coverage vaccination campaigns in Sri Lanka. The information on dog ecology and barriers of attendance to a static point vaccination clinic will facilitate development of future vaccination campaigns.

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