scholarly journals Porcine Lymphotropic Herpesviruses (PLHVs) and Xenotranplantation

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1072
Author(s):  
Joachim Denner
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoproliferative Disorder ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Post Transplantation ◽  
Human Organ ◽  
Porcine Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Preclinical Trials ◽  
Epstein Barr

Porcine lymphotropic herpesviruses -1, -2 and -3 (PLHV-1, PLHV-2 and PLHV-3) are gammaherpesviruses which are widespread in pigs. They are closely related to the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus, both of which cause severe diseases in humans. PLHVs are also related to bovine and ovine gammaherpesviruses, which are apathogenic in the natural host, but cause severe diseases after transmission into other species. Until now, no association between PLHVs and any pig diseases had been described. However, PLHV-1 causes a post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) after experimental transplantations in minipigs. This disorder is similar to human PTLD, a serious complication of solid human organ transplantation linked to EBV. Xenotransplantation using pig cells, tissues and organs is under development in order to alleviate the shortage of human transplants. Meanwhile, remarkable survival times of pig xenotransplants in non-human primates have been achieved. In these preclinical trials, another pig herpesvirus, the porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV), a roseolovirus, was shown to significantly reduce the survival time of pig xenotransplants in baboons and other non-human primates. Although PLHV-1 was found in genetically modified donor pigs used in preclinical xenotransplantation, it was, in contrast to PCMV, not transmitted to the recipient. Nevertheless, it seems important to use PLHV-free donor pigs in order to achieve safe xenotransplantation.

scholarly journals Early Gastric Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder andH pyloriDetection after Kidney Transplantation: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 721-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
CL Nash ◽  
LM Price ◽  
DA Stewart ◽  
F Sepandj ◽  
S Yilmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorder ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Antibody Therapy ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Post Transplantation ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
H Pylori

The incidence of post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) in the adult renal transplant population ranges from 0.7% to 4%. The majority of cases involve a single site and arise, on average, seven months after transplantation. Histopathology usually reveals B-cell proliferative disease and has been standardized into its own classification. Treatment modalities consist of decreased immunosuppression, eradication of Epstein-Barr virus, surgical resection, systemic chemotherapy and monoclonal antibody therapy; however, mortality remains high, typically with a short survival time. In patients who have undergone renal transplantation, approximately 10% of those with PTLDs present with gastrointestinal symptomatology and disease. Reported sites include the stomach, and small and large bowel. Very few cases ofHelicobacter pylorior mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue have been described in association with PTLD. In the era of cyclosporine immunosuppression, the incidence of PTLD affecting the gastrointestinal tract may be increasing in comparison with the incidence seen with the use of older immunosuppression regimens. A case of antral PTLD andH pyloriinfection occurring three months after renal transplantation is presented, and the natural history and management of gastric PTLD are reviewed.

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