scholarly journals Berberine in Human Oncogenic Herpesvirus Infections and Their Linked Cancers

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1014
Author(s):  
Miroslava Šudomová ◽  
Kateřina Berchová-Bímová ◽  
Stefania Marzocco ◽  
Alena Liskova ◽  
Peter Kubatka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Viral Latency ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Recurrent Infections ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Cold Sores ◽  
Human Herpesviruses ◽  
Preventive Effects

Human herpesviruses are known to induce a broad spectrum of diseases, ranging from common cold sores to cancer, and infections with some types of these viruses, known as human oncogenic herpesviruses (HOHVs), can cause cancer. Challenges with viral latency, recurrent infections, and drug resistance have generated the need for finding new drugs with the ability to overcome these barriers. Berberine (BBR), a naturally occurring alkaloid, is known for its multiple biological activities, including antiviral and anticancer effects. This paper comprehensively compiles all studies that have featured anti-HOHV properties of BBR along with promising preventive effects against the associated cancers. The mechanisms and pathways induced by BBR via targeting the herpesvirus life cycle and the pathogenesis of the linked malignancies are reviewed. Approaches to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of BBR and its use in clinical practice as an anti-herpesvirus drug are also discussed.

scholarly journals Microbial Synthesis of Non-Natural Anthraquinone Glucosides Displaying Superior Antiproliferative Properties

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trang Nguyen ◽  
Ramesh Pandey ◽  
Prakash Parajuli ◽  
Jang Han ◽  
Hye Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Uterine Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cell Growth Inhibition ◽  
Microbial Synthesis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Spectroscopic Analyses ◽  
Proliferative Assay

Anthraquinones, naturally occurring bioactive compounds, have been reported to exhibit various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects. In this study, we biotransformed three selected anthraquinones into their novel O-glucoside derivatives, expressing a versatile glycosyltransferase (YjiC) from Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13 in Escherichia coli. Anthraflavic acid, alizarin, and 2-amino-3-hydroxyanthraquinone were exogenously fed to recombinant E. coli as substrate for biotransformation. The products anthraflavic acid-O-glucoside, alizarin 2-O-β-d-glucoside, and 2-amino-3-O-glucosyl anthraquinone produced in the culture broths were characterized by various chromatographic and spectroscopic analyses. The comparative anti-proliferative assay against various cancer cells (gastric cancer-AGS, uterine cervical cancer-HeLa, and liver cancer-HepG2) were remarkable, since the synthesized glucoside compounds showed more than 60% of cell growth inhibition at concentrations ranging from ~50 μM to 100 μM. Importantly, one of the synthesized glucoside derivatives, alizarin 2-O-glucoside inhibited more than 90% of cell growth in all the cancer cell lines tested.

scholarly journals A Review on the Medicinal PlantDalbergia odoriferaSpecies: Phytochemistry and Biological Activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Son Ninh The
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Blood Disorders ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Extensive Coverage ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Dalbergia Odorifera ◽  
Medicinal Drugs ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

The crucial medicinal plantDalbergia odoriferaT. Chen species belongs to genusDalbergia, with interesting secondary metabolites, consisting of main classes of flavonoid, phenol, and sesquiterpene derivatives, as well as several arylbenzofurans, quinones, and fatty acids. Biological studies were carried out on extracts, fractions, and compounds from this species involved in cytotoxic assays; antibacterial, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, antiplatelet, antiosteosarcoma, antiosteoporosis, antiangiogenesis, and prostaglandin biosynthetic enzyme inhibition activities; vasorelaxant activities; alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities; and many other effects. In terms of the valuable resources for natural new drugs development,D. odoriferaspecies are widely used as medicinal drugs in many countries for treatment of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, blood disorders, ischemia, swelling, necrosis, or rheumatic pain. Although natural products from this plant have been increasingly playing an important role in drug discovery programs, there is no supportive evidence to provide a general insight into phytochemical studies onD. odoriferaspecies and biological activities of extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds. To a certain extent, this review deals with an overview of almost naturally occurring compounds from this species, along with extensive coverage of their biological evaluations.

scholarly journals Naturally Occurring Oxazole-Containing Peptides

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Jessica T. Mhlongo ◽  
Edikarlos Brasil ◽  
Beatriz G. de la Torre ◽  
Fernando Albericio
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Marine Origin ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Oxazole-containing peptides are mostly of marine origin and they form an intriguing family with a broad range of biological activities. Here we classify these peptides on the basis of their chemical structure and discuss a number of representatives of each class that reflect the extraordinary potential of this family as a source of new drugs.

scholarly journals Development of Phenothiazine Hybrids with Potential Medicinal Interest: A Review

Molecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 276
Author(s):  
Marina C. Posso ◽  
Fernanda C. Domingues ◽  
Susana Ferreira ◽  
Samuel Silvestre
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Phenothiazine Derivatives ◽  
Bioactive Scaffolds ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Resistance Reversal

The molecular hybridization approach has been used to develop compounds with improved efficacy by combining two or more pharmacophores of bioactive scaffolds. In this context, hybridization of various relevant pharmacophores with phenothiazine derivatives has resulted in pertinent compounds with diverse biological activities, interacting with specific or multiple targets. In fact, the development of new drugs or drug candidates based on phenothiazine system has been a promising approach due to the diverse activities associated with this tricyclic system, traditionally present in compounds with antipsychotic, antihistaminic and antimuscarinic effects. Actually, the pharmacological actions of phenothiazine hybrids include promising antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, analgesic and multi-drug resistance reversal properties. The present review summarizes the progress in the development of phenothiazine hybrids and their biological activity.

β-Lactone derivatives and their anticancer activities: A short review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Yumin Shi ◽  
Dan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Genetic Diseases ◽  
Short Review ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Privileged Structures

: Cancers, a set of genetic diseases that can change the behavior and cell growth in body tissues, are the second leading cause of death accross the world. Several treatment approaches such as radiation, immunotherapy and chemotherapy can be applied to cure cancer, and among them, chemotherapy is one of the primary treatments for cancer, in which chemotherapeutic drugs are used. Great achievements have been made in the development of novel anticancer agents, but drug resistance is usually generated quickly, making overcoming drug resistance or developing more effective anticancer agents an imperative challenge. β-Lactones (2-oxetanones) are chemically diverse and often referred as privileged structures for the discovery of new drugs including anticancer agents. Marizomib (Salinosporamide A), a naturally occurring β-lactone proteasome inhibitor derived from the marine actinobacterium Salinispora tropica, has been termed as orphan drug against multiple myeloma. Therefore, β-lactones are useful scaffolds for the discovery of novel anticancer agents. This review is an endeavour to highlight the advances in β-lactone derivatives with anticancer potential, and the synthetic strategies, structure-activity relationships as well as modes of action are also discussed to pave the way for further rational design.

Recent Progress of Benzimidazole Hybrids for Anticancer Potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (35) ◽  
pp. 5970-6014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Jawaid Akhtar ◽  
Mohammad Shahar Yar ◽  
Vinod Kumar Sharma ◽  
Ahsan Ahmed Khan ◽  
Zulphikar Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Alkylating Agents ◽  
American Chemical Society ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
Benzimidazole Derivatives ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Nitrogenous Base

This review presents the detailed account of factors leading to cancer and design strategy for the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives as anticancer agents. The recent survey for cancer treatment in Cancer facts and figures 2017 American Chemical Society has shown progressive development in fighting cancer. Researchers all over the world in both developed and developing countries are in a continuous effort to tackle this serious concern. Benzimidazole and its derivatives showed a broad range of biological activities due to their resemblance with naturally occurring nitrogenous base i.e. purine. The review discussed benzimidazole derivatives showing anticancer properties through a different mechanism viz. intercalation, alkylating agents, topoisomerases, DHFR enzymes, and tubulin inhibitors. Benzimidazole derivatives act through a different mechanism and the substituents reported from the earlier and recent research articles are prerequisites for the synthesis of targeted based benzimidazole derivatives as anticancer agents. The review focuses on an easy comparison of the substituent essential for potency and selectivity through SAR presented in figures. This will further provide a better outlook or fulfills the challenges faced in the development of novel benzimidazole derivatives as anticancer.

Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Development of Nitroaromatics as Anti-Infective Drugs

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (36) ◽  
pp. 4658-4674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Kannigadu ◽  
David. D. N'Da
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Muscle Pain ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Lymph Glands ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Personality Changes ◽  
Clinical Drugs ◽  
Antiparasitic Agents

: Infectious diseases commonly occur in tropical and sub-tropical countries. The pathogens of such diseases are able to multiply in human hosts, warranting their continual survival. Infections that are commonplace include malaria, chagas, trypanosomiasis, giardiasis, amoebiasis, toxoplasmosis and leishmaniasis. Malaria is known to cause symptoms, such as high fever, chills, nausea and vomiting, whereas chagas disease causes enlarged lymph glands, muscle pain, swelling and chest pain. People suffering from African trypanosomiasis may experience severe headaches, irritability, extreme fatigue and swollen lymph nodes. As an infectious disease progresses, the human host may also experience personality changes and neurologic problems. If left untreated, most of these diseases can lead to death. : Parasites, microbes and bacteria are increasingly adapting and generating strains that are resistant to current clinical drugs. Drug resistance creates an urgency for the development of new drugs to treat these infections. Nitro containing drugs, such as chloramphenicol, metronidazole, tinidazole and secnidazole had been banned for use as antiparasitic agents due to their toxicity. However, recent discoveries of nitrocontaining anti-tuberculosis drugs, i.e. delamanid and pretonamid, and the repurposing of flexinidazole for use in combination with eflornithine for the treatment of human trypanosomiasis, have ignited interest in nitroaromatic scaffolds as viable sources of potential anti-infective agents. : This review highlights the differences between old and new nitration methodologies. It furthermore offers insights into recent advances in the development of nitroaromatics as anti-infective drugs.

Naphthoquinone Derivatives Isolated from Plants: Recent Advances in Biological Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 2019-2035
Author(s):  
Esmaeil Sheikh Ahmadi ◽  
Amir Tajbakhsh ◽  
Milad Iranshahy ◽  
Javad Asili ◽  
Nadine Kretschmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Phase Ii Clinical Trials ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The Subject

Naturally occurring naphthoquinones (NQs) comprising highly reactive small molecules are the subject of increasing attention due to their promising biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, apoptosis-inducing activities, and especially anticancer activity. Lapachol, lapachone, and napabucasin belong to the NQs and are in phase II clinical trials for the treatment of many cancers. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and updated overview on the biological activities of several new NQs isolated from different species of plants reported from January 2013 to January 2020, their potential therapeutic applications and their clinical significance.

Synthesis and Biological Activity of Embelin and its Derivatives: An Overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 396-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaojun Sheng ◽  
Siyuan Ge ◽  
Min Gao ◽  
Rongchao Jian ◽  
Xiaole Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Embelia Ribes ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Apoptosis Protein

Embelin is a naturally occurring para-benzoquinone isolated from Embelia ribes (Burm. f.) of the Myrsinaceae family, and contains two carbonyl groups, a methine group and two hydroxyl groups. With embelin as the lead compound, more than one hundred derivatives have been reported. Embelin is well known for its ability to antagonize the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) with an IC50 value of 4.1 μM. The potential of embelin and its derivatives in the treatment of various cancers has been extensively studied. In addition, these compounds display a variety of other biological effects: antimicrobial, antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic and antifertility activity. This paper reviews the recent progress in the synthesis and biological activity of embelin and its derivatives. Their cellular mechanisms of action and prospects in the research and development of new drugs are also discussed.

Synthesis and Biological Activity of Hydrazones and Derivatives: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 342-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana de Oliveira Carneiro Brum ◽  
Tanos Celmar Costa França ◽  
Steven R. LaPlante ◽  
José Daniel Figueroa Villar
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
New Drug ◽  
Cancer Inflammation

Hydrazones and their derivatives are very important compounds in medicinal chemistry due to their reported biological activity for the treatment of several diseases, like Alzheimer’s, cancer, inflammation, and leishmaniasis. However, most of the investigations on hydrazones available in literature today are directed to the synthesis of these molecules with little discussion available on their biological activities. With the purpose of bringing lights into this issue, we performed a revision of the literature and wrote this review based on some of the most current research reports of hydrazones and derivatives, making it clear that the synthesis of these molecules can lead to new drug prototypes. Our goal is to encourage more studies focused on the synthesis and evaluation of new hydrazones, as a contribution to the development of potential new drugs for the treatment of various diseases.

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