scholarly journals Identification of SARS-CoV-2 and Enteroviruses in Sewage Water—A Pilot Study

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 844
Author(s):  
Anda Băicuș ◽  
Carmen Maria Cherciu ◽  
Mihaela Lazăr
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
Pcr Assays

Due to the outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), combined with the risk of polio importation from Ukraine, we evaluated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 and enteroviruses in 25 sewage water samples from Romania, concentrated using the WHO method between January 2020 and January 2021. Surveillance for enteroviruses and SARS-CoV-2 are relevant in the calculation of prevalence estimates as well as early detection of the introduction or disappearance of these viruses. For SARS-CoV-2 detection, we used two immunochromatographic nucleocapsid antigenic tests as well as real-time PCR assays, produced for respiratory samples. The isolation of cell culture lines, in accordance with the WHO recommendations, was carried out for enterovirus detection. Twenty-three of the samples investigated were positive in rapid tests for SARS-CoV-2, while the RNA of SARS-CoV-2, detected with Respiratory 2.1 plus a panel Biofire Film array, was present in eight samples. The Allplex 2019-nCoV assay was used for the validation of the tests. There were three genes detected in one sample, E, RdPR, and N, two genes, E and RdPR, in one sample, two genes, RdPR and N, in four samples, one gene, RdPR, in five samples and one gene, N, in one sample. Eight samples were positive for non-polio enteroviruses, and no poliovirus strains were isolated. This study suggests the presence of SARS-CoV-2 and enteroviruses in Romanian sewage water in 2020. As such, our results indicate that a rapid, more specific test should be developed especially for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in sewage water.

scholarly journals Early Detection of Exacerbation of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection using Fitbit (DEXTERITY Pilot Study) (Preprint)

10.2196/30819 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kan Yamagami ◽  
Akihiro Nomura ◽  
Mitsuhiro Kometani ◽  
Masaya Shimojima ◽  
Kenji Sakata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

Comparison of Cell Culture and a Poliovirus Gene Probe Assay for the Detection of Enteroviruses in Environmental Water Samples

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 311-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron B. Margolin ◽  
Charles P. Gerba ◽  
Kenneth J. Richardson ◽  
Jaime E. Naranjo
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Cdna Probe ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Tidal River ◽  
Nucleic Acid Hybridization ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Gene Probe ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Nucleic acid hybridization provides a rapid non-cell culture method for the detection of enteric viruses in water. The purpose of this work was to compare the detection of naturally occurring enteroviruses by cell culture with their detection by a poliovirus gene probe in various types of water samples. Samples of activated sludge effluent, tertiary treated wastewater (activated sludge, filtration and passage through reverse osmosis), ground water, surface water and tidal river water were processed through 1 MDS Virozorb filters to concentrate any naturally occurring virus. Viruses were eluted from the filters with pH 9.5 beef extract and reduced in volume by flocculation to 20-30 ml. These concentrates were then assayed in the BGM cell line by the cytopathogenic effects (CPE) method and by a poliovirus cDNA probe (base pairs 115-7440) labeled with 32P. A total of 233 samples were assayed in this manner. In slightly more than 93% of the samples gene probe and cell culture yielded the same results. Of these samples 36 were positive by gene probe and 28 by cell culture assay. Positive samples for gene probe were confirmed by treatment with NaOH or RNAse and then reprobed. Samples demonstrating CPE upon primary passage were confirmed positive by subsequent passage of cell lysate on a new monolayer of BGM cells. Ten samples were positive by gene probe and negative by cell culture, and 4 samples were negative by gene probe and positive by cell culture.

scholarly journals Safe On-Boat Resuscitation by Lifeguards in COVID-19 Era: A Pilot Study Comparing Three Sets of Personal Protective Equipment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Roberto Barcala-Furelos ◽  
Cristian Abelairas-Gómez ◽  
Alejandra Alonso-Calvete ◽  
Francisco Cano-Noguera ◽  
Aida Carballo-Fazanes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Prehospital Care ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Preparation Time

Abstract Introduction: On-boat resuscitation can be applied by lifeguards in an inflatable rescue boat (IRB). Due to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2) and recommendations for the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), prehospital care procedures need to be re-evaluated. The objective of this study was to determine how the use of PPE influences the amount of preparation time needed before beginning actual resuscitation and the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR; QCPR) on an IRB. Methods: Three CPR tests were performed by 14 lifeguards, in teams of two, wearing different PPE: (1) Basic PPE (B-PPE): gloves, a mask, and protective glasses; (2) Full PPE (F-PPE): B-PPE + a waterproof apron; and (3) Basic PPE + plastic blanket (B+PPE). On-boat resuscitation using a bag-valve-mask (BVM) and high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter was performed sailing at 20km/hour. Results: Using B-PPE takes less time and is significantly faster than F-PPE (B-PPE 17 [SD = 2] seconds versus F-PPE 69 [SD = 17] seconds; P = .001), and the use of B+PPE is slightly higher (B-PPE 17 [SD = 2] seconds versus B+PPE 34 [SD = 6] seconds; P = .002). The QCPR remained similar in all three scenarios (P >.05), reaching values over 79%. Conclusion: The use of PPE during on-board resuscitation is feasible and does not interfere with quality when performed by trained lifeguards. The use of a plastic blanket could be a quick and easy alternative to offer extra protection to lifeguards during CPR on an IRB.

scholarly journals Rapid multiplex PCR assays in patients with respiratory viral infections: is semi-quantitative data useful? A pilot study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Gazeau ◽  
Sophie Vallet ◽  
Séverine Ansart ◽  
Clémence Beauruelle ◽  
Adissa Tran-Minoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections

scholarly journals Coagulant potentials of Moringa oleifera seeds in water purification

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. V. Thorat ◽  
D. A. Malvekar ◽  
A. U. Sutar
Keyword(s):  
Water Sample ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Natural Coagulant ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Almost All

The main objective of this study is to confirm the potentials of Moringa oleifera seeds over alum for water purification. Various doses of Moringa seed powder 4, 8, 12 g/l were taken and checked for treatment of river and sewage water. After treatment of seed powder with water samples were analyzed for physico-chemical parameters like pH, Absorbance, TDS, TSS, Hardness, Chlorides, Conductivity, Turbidity, MPN and DO. Almost all parameters showed reduction with increasing dosage of Moringa seed powder. Similar doses of alum were checked with river water sample and were analyzed for above mentioned parameters. The results obtained showed that seed powder (natural coagulant) is more effective than conventional chemical coagulant., alum. The seed of Moringa oleifera is cheap, eco-friendly and non-toxic, can be effectively used as a coagulant for river and sewage water purification.

scholarly journals Kelimpahan Bakteri Vibrio sp. Pada Air Pembesaran Udang Vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) Sebagai Deteksi Dini Serangan Penyakit Vibriosis [The Abundance Of Vibrio sp. Bacteria On Enlargement Water Of Litopenaeus vannamei As The Early Detection Of Vibriosis]

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Adnan Kharisma, Abdul Manan
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Minimum Threshold ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Monitoring Activity

Abstract The abundance of bacteria is an activity that aims to determine the distribution and the abundance of bacteria in a water area, so an effort to control and prevent against these bacteria can be made to avoid it’s wide spread. The function of this monitoring activities is for an early detection of animal health conditions that is the white leg shrimp due to bacterial attack. Given the importance of health level in the cultivation of white leg shrimp, then the monitoring activity in bacterial abundance should be done because the number of bacteria found in aquatic environments shouldn’t exceed the minimum threshold number of bacteria that is 104 CFU/ml. The purpose of this study case is to know the abundance of Vibrio sp. on white leg shrimp water augmentation. Because the Vibrio sp. bacteria is known as the opportunistic pathogen of white leg shrimp, which can cause disease if the environmental conditions are bad. Working methods used is descriptive method of data collection techniques include primary and secondary data. The stage of the monitoring activity include: (1) Preparation phase which includes the preparation of equipment and materials and sterilization equipment and media. (2) Phase of making trisalt solvent and bacterial culture media. (3) Phase of retrieval and delivery the water samples. (4) Phase planting the water samples. (5) Phase counting the bacteria. (6) Interpretation the results of the calculation. Based on the results of monitoring the abundance of bacteria in white leg shrimp water augmentation activity, the conclusion is the abundance of Vibrio sp. on white leg shrimp water augmentation has exceeds the minimum threshold number of bacteria that is 104 CFU/ml, so the white leg shrimp culture is susceptible againts these Vibriosis disease.

Feasibility of Early Detection of Cystic Fibrosis Acute Pulmonary Exacerbations by Exhaled Breath Condensate Metabolomics: A Pilot Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 550-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Zang ◽  
María Eugenia Monge ◽  
Nael A. McCarty ◽  
Arlene A. Stecenko ◽  
Facundo M. Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Pulmonary Exacerbations ◽  
Breath Condensate
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