scholarly journals Circulation of Toscana Virus in a Sample Population of Corsica, France

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley Masse ◽  
Nazli Ayhan ◽  
Lisandru Capai ◽  
Frédéric Bosseur ◽  
Xavier de Lamballerie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Toscana Virus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Residential District ◽  
The University ◽  
Study Participants

Sandfly-borne phleboviruses pathogenic to humans, such as Toscana virus (TOSV) and Sandfly Fever Sicilian virus (SFSV), are endemic in the Mediterranean region. In France, several autochthonous cases of TOSV infection have been described, causing either meningitis or encephalitis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the seroprevalence of TOSV and SFSV antibodies in a healthy population from Corsica. In this cross-sectional study, participants were enrolled (i) from a medical staff at the University of Corsica and (ii) from general practitioners of the Corsican Sentinelles Network. The seroprevalence study was based on a virus microneutralization assay. A total of 240 sera were tested. Altogether, 54 sera (22.5%) were confirmed positive for TOSV antibodies, whereas none were positive for SFSV (0/240). The residential district of participants was significantly associated with TOSV seropositivity (p value = 0.005). The rate of the seropositivity against TOSV in our study suggests that the Corsican population is well exposed to the TOSV. These results encourage the implementation of a systematic surveillance system including entomological, microbiological, and medical aspects for the collection of better information on the diseases that are associated with phleboviruses in Corsica and beyond in the regions where these viruses are present.

scholarly journals Circulation of Toscana Virus in a Sample Population of Corsica, France

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Shirley Masse ◽  
Nazli Ayhan ◽  
Lisandru Capai ◽  
Rémi Charrel ◽  
Alessandra Falchi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Toscana Virus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Participants

Sandfly-borne phleboviruses pathogenic to humans, such as Toscana virus (TOSV) and sandfly fever Sicilian virus (SFSV), are endemic in the Mediterranean region. In France, several autochthonous cases of TOSV infection have been described which cause either meningitis or encephalitis. The aim of the present study was to estimate the seroprevalence of TOSV and SFSV antibodies in a healthy population from Corsica. In this cross-sectional study, participants were enrolled from the medical staff at University of Corsica Pasquale Paoli (UCPP) and from general practitioners of the Corsican Sentinelles Network. The seroprevalence study was based on virus microneutralization (MN). A total of 240 patients were tested for TOSV and SFSV. Altogether, 54 serum samples were confirmed for TOSV infection (seroprevalence = 22.5%). None of the samples were positive for SFSV (0/240). The main place of residence was significantly associated with TOSV seropositivity (p-value = 0.005). The overall rate of TOSV antibody seroprevalence observed in our study suggests a more intense circulation of TOSV in Corsica, with a rate significantly higher than the 8.7% reported in Corsica in 2007 from blood donors. The absence of seropositivity to SFSV seems to confirm the low circulation of this virus in Corsica and in continental France. The increasing circulation of TOSV reported here should encourage the implementation of surveillance systems to control phlebovirus infection.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Physical Activity among Medical Students of Jazan University: A Cross-Sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Husam Eldin Elsawi Khalafalla ◽  
Mohamed Salih Mahfouz ◽  
Muath Hassan Ibrahim Najmi ◽  
Sayyaf Abdullah Mohammad Najmi ◽  
Qasem Ali Yahya Arishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The University ◽  
Study Participants

BACKGROUND: Physical activity is one of the most important factors that affect human health; it reduces the chances of hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, breast and colon cancer, and depression.OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to measure prevalence of physical activity and to determine the factors affecting the level of physical activity among medical student in Jazan University.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the students of medical colleges of Jazan University. A random sample of 419 was determined using most recent physical activity prevalence. A validated self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection.RESULTS: There is a high prevalence of inactivity among study participants (88.1%). Females (91.7%) were more significantly (p value=0.013) inactive than males (83.8%). The most influential barrier perceived by participants is (heavy) academic work as well as lack of places for physical activity; the latter factor being more effective in hindering female students' physical activity.CONCLUSION: Results revealed that the inactivity rate was very high among medical students. The results of this study call for a well-planned intervention at the university level for improving the level of physical activity among university students.

Low Prevalence of Active Trachoma and Associated Factors among Children aged 1–9 years in Rural Communities of Metema District, Northwest Ethiopia: A Community Based Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kessete Ayelgn ◽  
Tadesse Guadu ◽  
Atalay Getachew
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Active Trachoma ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract BackgroundTrachoma is an infectious disease of the eye caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and transmitted via contact with eye discharge from infected persons and leading to blindness worldwide. Children less than 9 years of age affected more seriously. The disease is common where access to water and sanitation are limited.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of active trachoma and associated factors among children aged 1–9 years in rural communities of Metema District, West Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia.MethodA community based cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from 792 children aged 1–9 years old in Metema district from April to May 2018. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Pretested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and eye examination using binocular loupe to differentiate trachoma cases was the data collection methods and tools. The bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression model was employed for analysis. P-value < 0.05 was considered to declare statistical significance.ResultsA total of 752 children aged l-9 years were enrolled in this study with response rate of 94.9%. The overall prevalence of active trachoma among the study participants was 11.8% (95 % CI, 9.5–13.9). Unprotected source of water (AOR = 4.7; 95% CI: 2.5–8.9), lower household water consumption (AOR = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.3-6.0), improper latrine utilization (AOR = 3.2; 95% CI: 1.5–6.7), and frequency of face washing once per day (AOR = 5.3; 95% CI: 1.2–26.6) were the factors significantly associated with active trachoma.ConclusionThe current study revealed a lower overall prevalence of active trachoma (11.8%) than the WHO threshold prevalence (20%) used to declare it as a severe public health problem. All residents and health professional should collaborate on trachoma prevention by implementing the WHO SAFE strategy- surgery for trichiasis, antibiotics, facial cleanliness and environmental improvement for further trachoma elimination.

scholarly journals Potential Co-Factors of an Intraoral Contact Allergy—A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Constanze Olms ◽  
Jana Schor ◽  
Maryam Yahiaoui-Doktor
Keyword(s):  
Contact Allergy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Nickel Allergy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The University ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
University Of Leipzig

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the frequency of dental allergens and potential co-factors, especially hypothyroidism, for patients with an intraoral contact allergy. From 2015 to 2016, patients with confirmed symptoms of an intraoral contact allergy (study group SG n = 50) were recruited in the dental clinic of the University of Leipzig. The participants of the control group (CG n = 103) were patients without oral diseases or intraoral symptoms of a contact allergy. For the data collection, a new “Allergy questionnaire” was developed. Information on allergies and general diseases were collected. The statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS 23.0. Sensitizations/allergies to metals and composites were higher in SG compared to CG. Of all study participants (n = 148), 14.2% (n = 21) had a nickel allergy. In 18% (n = 8) of the SG a cobalt allergy based on all metal allergens could be seen. In addition, an association between a nickel and cobalt allergy was found. Hypothyroidism occurred significantly more frequently (p = 0.049) in SG than in CG. Sensitizations and allergies can occur to metals in dental alloys. Hypothyroidism increased the risk of having an allergy threefold.

scholarly journals Patterns of Sexual Assault victims presenting to the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia: a Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Eugine Kaunda ◽  
◽  
Yusuf Ahmed ◽  
Bellington Vwalika ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Residential Homes ◽  
Assault Victims ◽  
The University ◽  
Genital Injuries

Background: Sexual assault, which encompasses defilement and rape, is a public health and public safety problem with the majority of victims being women and children. The consequences of sexual assault include physical injuries, psychological trauma, depression, suicide or suicide attempt and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as a long-term consequence. Others are unwanted pregnancies and risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections including the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). There is little information about the conditions under which sexual assault occurs. The aim of this study was to determine the patterns of sexual assault victims presenting to the University Teaching Hospital (UTH). Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that was carried out on sexual assault victims who presented to UTH over a period of four months from December 2013 to April 2014. A total of 160 participants were recruited, 59 from the Gynaecology admission ward (C03) and 101 from the Paediatric Centre of Excellence Child Sexual Assault (PCOE-CSA). Participants were interviewed using an interviewer-administered questionnaire while some data was extracted from victims’ files including documented HIV status. Frequency tables were constructed and characteristics of sexual assault were compared between victims aged below 16 years and those aged 16 years and above. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Results: The age of 160 victims ranged from 2 to 34 years and the most affected age group was 11-15 years (n=91; 56.9%). Victims were mostly single (n=149; 93.1%), had attained primary education or none (n=102; 63.8%) were unemployed (n=149; 93.1%) and resided in high-density areas (n=144; 90%). Only 7.5% (n=12) of victims tested HIV positive. A positive HIV test occurred 14 times more frequently in victims aged 16 years and above (OR = 14.32, CI = 2.35 – 87.22, P-value < 0.01). Majority of the incidents took place in residential homes (n=110; 68.8%) and these were significantly less common among victims aged 16 years and above (OR = 0.33, CI = 0.11 – 0.98, P-value = 0.05). The majority of perpetrators were known to the victims (n= 119; 74.4%). Sexual assault perpetrated by strangers affected victims aged 16 years and above more than those aged below 16 years (50.0% versus 17.5%; P <0.01). About half of victims (n=84; 52.5%) reported to UTH within 72 hours of assault and these were 4.5 times more likely to be aged 16 years and above (OR = 4.53, CI = 1.23 - 16.73, P-value = 0.02). Genital injuries were present in 70% of victims. The absence of genital injuries was 8 times more in victims aged 16 years and above (OR = 8.46, CI = 2.78 – 25.77, P-value <0.01). Conclusion: The majority of sexual assault victims were younger (<16 years). Younger victims were mostly assaulted by perpetrators known to them, mainly in residential homes while older victims were mostly assaulted by strangers in isolated places. Compared to older victims, younger victims presented more to UTH later than 72 hours the following the assault and sustained genital injuries more. Patters of sexual assault are therefore different in younger victims compared to adults.

scholarly journals Evaluation of serum macronutrients level and depression among adolescents and its association with pre-hypertension: A cross sectional study

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 644-648
Author(s):  
Abeetha S ◽  
Thirunavukarasu R. ◽  
Divya R. ◽  
Suma S. ◽  
Ganesh M. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Generation ◽  
Study Participants

Introduction and Aim: Serum macronutrients measurement prove to be precedent values with regard to diagnose hypertension at an earlier age. Depression in any form could be ruinous to younger generation, also could precipitate hypertension. The aim of the study is to estimate serum calcium, magnesium levels, grade depression and to establish its association with prehypertension.   Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 68 students aged 17-19 years over a two months period. Blood samples were drawn and serum magnesium and calcium were estimated. Depression was assessed by administering KADS – 6 questionnaires. Blood Pressure was measured by auscultatory method using mercury sphygmomanometer. All parameters were presented as mean ± SD. Chi square test was used to compare proportions for the groups. Unpaired t test was used to compare the groups. ANOVA was used to compare the groups for continuous variables. Statistical analysis was done using Epi info (version 6.04d) software package.   Results: More than 44% of the study participants had elevated serum calcium levels, while about 10% of them had elevated serum magnesium levels. More than half (58.8%) of the participants were pre-hypertensive. One third of the study participants were depressed of which about 10% of them had severe depression. The prevalence of prehypertension was 2.1 times higher among participants having hypercalcemia when compared to participants who have normal serum calcium levels with 95% CI of 1.38 - 3.22 which is statistically significant (p-value < 0.001). The study could not establish a statistical difference between different groups with regards to serum magnesium levels and depression.   Conclusion: Our study portrays the widely prevalent depression and pre-hypertension in younger generation and exhibits firm evidence on measuring serum macronutrient levels to diagnose pre-hypertension before time that can prevent the disease load and help ineffective management.

What Determines The Migration Intentions Of University Students?

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Heiko Haase ◽  
Arndt Lautenschläger
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Career Choice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Migration Decision ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Intention To Stay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The University

AbstractThe paper aims at exploring determinants of the university students' intentions to stay within their university region. At this, we presume that students' career choice motivations are related to their professional intentions, which again, along with demographic characteristics, affect their migration decision. Our analysis is based on a cross-sectional study of 2,353 students from three different higher education institutions, two of them located in Germany and one in Namibia. Results indicate that in Germany migration matters because a considerable proportion of students intend to leave the university region after graduation. At this, we found that the students' geographical provenance exerts the most significant effect on the intention to stay. Moreover, certain professional intentions were directly and some career choice motivations were indirectly linked with the intention to remain at the university location. We present several conclusions and implications.

Faktor Risiko Kejadian Penyakit Kulit Pada Pekerja Pengangkut Sampah Di Kota Jambi

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Entia Nopa ◽  
Ranissa Dwi Imansari ◽  
Irwandi Rachman
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

Faktor Risiko Kejadian Penyakit Kulit Pada Pekerja Pengangkut Sampah Di Kota Jambi 1Entianopa, 2Ranissa Dwi Imansari, 3Irwandi Rachman       123Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat STIKES Harapan Ibu, Jambi   Abstrak Latar Belakang: Kulit merupakan organ terbesar pada tubuh manusia yang membungkus otot-otot dan organ-organ dalam serta merupakan jalinan jaringan pembuluh darah, saraf, dan kelenjar yang tidak berujung, semuanya memiliki potensi untuk terserang penyakit yang salah satunya adalah penyakit kulit. Penyakit kulit merupakan salah satu gangguan kesehatan yang sering dialami oleh pekerja pengangkut sampah. Berdasarkan komposisi sampah yang diangkut serta waktu paparan kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara masa kerja, pemakaian Alat Pelindung Diri (APD), dan personal hygiene dengan kejadian penyakit kulit pada pekerja pengangkut sampah di Kota Jambi. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional study. Sampel penelitian yaitu sebanyak 62 pekerja pengangkut sampah yang berada di Kantor Pekerjaan Umum dan Penata Ruang, yang mana seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel. Data dikumpulkan berdasarkan pemeriksaan kesehatan oleh dokter dan dengan kuesioner, kemudian dianalisa menggunakan uji statistik chi-square. Hasil: Hasil menunjukan bahwa pekerja yang mengalami penyakit kulit sebanyak 35 pekerja (56,5%). Berdasarkan hasil analisis chi-square didapatkan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara masa kerja dengan kejadian penyakit kulit pada pekerja pengangkut sampah dimana nilai (p-value= 0,006), Pemakaian Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) nilai (p-value= 0,008), personal hygiene nilai (p-value= 0,008). Kesimpulan: Untuk meminimalisir risiko terjadinya penyakit kulit pada pekerja pengangkut sampah disarankan perlunya disusun standar operasional prosedur yang aman, penyediaan sarana sanitasi agar dapat mengurangi resiko terkena penyakit kulit. Pentingnya pemakaian APD dan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat selama bekerja, serta diharapkan pekerja menggunakan APD pada saat bekerja dan lebih memperhatikan personal hygiene.   Kata kunci      : Masa Kerja, APD, Personal Hygiene

POLA ASUH ORANGTUA TERHADAP TINGKAT KEMANDIRIAN PERSONAL HYGIENE CUCI TANGAN DAN GOSOK GIGI PADA ANAK PRASEKOLAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-205
Author(s):  
Dina Dewi Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Parenting Style ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT   The study aims todetermine the relationship between parenting style and the level of independence of Personal Hygiene Hand Wasting and Tooth Brush in Preschoolers in Kindergarten Negeri Pembina Blora in 2019. The study is a quantitative study, based on the research location including the type of field reseaerch, based on the ansence of the treatment of subjects including survey research, based on time is a cross sectional study, and based on objectives includin correlation analytics. The population in this study were all parents in Kindergarten Negeri Pembina Blora as many as 85 respondents. Based on the sample calculation, the sample obtained in this study that most parent in Kindergarten Negeri Pembina Blora amounted to 70 respondents. Srearmen’s rho test analysis results parenting parents with the level of independence of personal hygiene hand wasting result obtained p value = 0,000 < α (0,05), and parenting patters with the independence of personal hygiene tooth brush obtained results p value = 0,000 < α (0,05). So it can be concluded that were is a significant relationship between parenting parents with the level of independence of personal hygiene washing hands and brushing their tooth at preschoolers in Kindergarten Negeri Pembina Blora in 2019. Keywords: parenting; personal hygiene, preschool ABSTRAK   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Hubungan Pola Asuh Orangtua Terhadap Tingkat Kemandirian Personal Hygiene Cuci Tangan dan Gogok Gigi pada Anak Prasekolah di TK Negeri Pembina Blora Tahun 2019. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif, berdasarkan tempat penelitian termasuk jenis penelitian lapangan, berdasarkan tidak adanya perlakuan terhadap subjek termasuk penelitian survey, berdasarkan waktu merupakan penelitian cross sectional, dan berdasarkan tujuan termasuk analitik korelasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh orangtua di TK Negeri Pembina Blora sebanyak 85 responden. Berdasarkan perhitungan sampel  maka diperoleh sampel pada penelitian ini adalah sebagian orangtua di TK Negeri Pembina Blora sebanyak 70 responden. Hasil analisis uji spearmen’s rho pola asuh orangtua dengan tingkat kemandirian personal hygiene cuci tangan didapatkan hasil p value = 0,000 < α (0,05), dan pola asuh orangtua dengan kemandirian personal hygiene gosok gigi didapatkan hasil p value = 0,000 < α (0,05). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pola asuh orang tua dengan tingkat kemandirian personal hygiene cuci tangan dan gosok gigi pada anak prasekolah di TK Negeri Pembina Blora Tahun 2019. Kata kunci: pola asuh; personal hygiene; prasekolah

HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN HARGA DIRI (SELF ESTEEM) PENDERITA TUBERKULOSIS PARU DI WILAYAH EKS KAWEDANAN INDRAMAYU

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Dedeh Husnaniyah
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Tuberkulosis Paru merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Dampak TB Paru adalah penurunan daya tahan tubuh, kelemahan fisik, merugikan secara ekonomis dan dapat mengakibatkan isolasi sosial. Keadaan tersebut dapat mempengaruhi harga diri penderita TB Paru. Perubahan harga diri pada penderita TB Paru dapat mempengaruhi keberhasilan pengobatan, sehingga dibutuhkan adanya dukungan keluarga. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh dukungan keluarga terhadap harga diri penderita TB Paru di Wilayah Puskesmas Eks Kawedanan Indramayu tahun 2015. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional study. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan tekhnik total sampling sebayak 45 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penderita TB Paru yang memiliki harga diri tinggi sebanyak 23 responden (51,1%) dan yang memiliki harga diri rendah sebanyak 22 responden (48,9%), penderita TB Paru yang mendapatkan dukungan keluarga sebanyak 26 responden (57,8 %) dan yang tidak mendapatkandukungan keluarga sebanyak 19 (42,2 %). Responden yang mendapatkan dukungan keluarga lebih banyak yang memiliki harga diri tinggi dibandingkan dengan responden yang tidak mendapatkan dukungan keluarga yaitu 69,6% dengan nilai p value = 0,047 (< 0,05). Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungandukungan keluarga denganharga diri penderita TB Paru. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan bagi pemegang program TB untuk memberikan konseling terkait pentingnya dukungan keluarga bagi penderita TB Paru.

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