scholarly journals Innovation in Newcastle Disease Virus Vectored Avian Influenza Vaccines

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-Hee Kim ◽  
Siba Samal
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Virus Shedding ◽  
Ha Gene ◽  
Specific Pathogen

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) and Newcastle disease are economically important avian diseases worldwide. Effective vaccination is critical to control these diseases in poultry. Live attenuated Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vectored vaccines have been developed for bivalent vaccination against HPAI viruses and NDV. These vaccines have been generated by inserting the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of avian influenza virus into NDV genomes. In laboratory settings, several experimental NDV-vectored vaccines have protected specific pathogen-free chickens from mortality, clinical signs, and virus shedding against H5 and H7 HPAI viruses and NDV challenges. NDV-vectored H5 vaccines have been licensed for poultry vaccination in China and Mexico. Recently, an antigenically chimeric NDV vector has been generated to overcome pre-existing immunity to NDV in poultry and to provide early protection of poultry in the field. Prime immunization of one-day-old poults with a chimeric NDV vector followed by boosting with a conventional NDV vector has shown to protect broiler chickens against H5 HPAI viruses and a highly virulent NDV. This novel vaccination approach can provide efficient control of HPAI viruses in the field and facilitate poultry vaccination.

scholarly journals Quantitative evaluation of viral interference among Egyptian isolates of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (H5N1 and H5N8) with the lentogenic and velogenic Newcastle disease virus genotype VII in specific pathogen-free embryonated chicken eggs model

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1833-1839
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Soliman ◽  
Ahmed A. Nour ◽  
Ahmed M. Erfan
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Specific Pathogen Free ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Embryonated Chicken

Background and Aim: Mixed infections of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) are considered the most distressing problem of the poultry industry. The problem arises due to the influence of a hidden virus on the replication of another suspected virus. Consequently, misdiagnosis of the real cause of disease may become a source of infection for other healthy stock by transmission and dissemination of the hidden virus. This study aimed to determine the impact of HPAIV and NDV on each other in a specific pathogen-free embryonated chicken egg (SPF-ECE) model. Materials and Methods: HPAIVs (H5N1 and H5N8) and NDVs [avirulent NDV [avNDV] and velogenic NDV [vNDV]) were inoculated into the allantois cavity of SPF-ECE with graded titers (2, 3, and 4 log10 EID50) at 24 and 48 h of incubation, followed by the collection of allantoic fluid. A quantitative reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the viral RNA copies of both viruses. Results: Obvious interference was reported on the growth of NDVs when co-inoculated with AIVs. NDV RNA titers reduction ranged from <3 to 5 log10 to complete suppression, but slight interference with the growth of AIVs occurred. H5N1 RNA titers showed <1-2 log10 reduction when co-inoculated with vNDV compared with the H5N1 control. The interference impact of H5N8 was more powerful than that of H5N1, while vNDV showed more resistance for interference than the avNDV strain. On the other hand, interference of AIVs was not observed except when vNDV was inoculated before H5N1. The interfering impact was increased after 48 h of inoculation, whereas no titer of avNDV was detectable. Conclusion: AIV strains had a powerful effect on NDV growth, regardless of which infection occurred first.

scholarly journals Molecular characterisation of Newcastle disease virus exotic isolate in East Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
N. P. Kusumarahayu ◽  
N. Putri ◽  
R. Ernawati ◽  
J. Rahmahani ◽  
S. Suwarno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Basic Work ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Native Chickens

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is ssRNA paramyxovirus causing clinical signs, varying from subclinical infections to 100% mortality in infected chickens. Haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein has an important role related to infection and pathogenesis, therefore, the protein was characterised in this study. Samples were collected from 45 cloacal swabs of native chickens. They were isolated by inoculating in specific pathogen-free embryonated eggs. Molecular detection of NDV was done by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) encoding HN protein. RT-PCR for HN gene of NDV generated DNA fragments sized 503 bp, which were then sequenced using ABI Prism. The results have shown that virus isolates were mostly lentogenic and might contribute to outbreak in East Java, Indonesia. Based on this fact, NDV infected native chickens can act as reservoir and contribute to outbreak in the poultry. Our study provides baseline information on genetic characteristics of NDV circulating in East Java and serves as a basic work for further research.

Vaccination with Newcastle Disease Virus Vectored Vaccine Protects Chickens Against Highly Pathogenic H7 Avian Influenza Virus

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Schröer ◽  
Jutta Veits ◽  
Christian Grund ◽  
Malte Dauber ◽  
Günther Keil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Vectored Vaccine
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