scholarly journals Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Sardinia Virus, a Begomovirus Species Evolving by Mutation and Recombination: A Challenge for Virus Control

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan A. Díaz-Pendón ◽  
Sonia Sánchez-Campos ◽  
Isabel María Fortes ◽  
Enrique Moriones
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Sequence Information ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Biological Behaviour ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Genotype Interaction ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl ◽  
Leaf Curl

The tomato leaf curl disease (TYLCD) is associated with infections of several species of begomoviruses (genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae) and causes severe damage to tomatoes throughout tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Among others, the Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus (TYLCSV) species causes damage in the Mediterranean Basin since early outbreaks occurred. Nevertheless, scarce information is available about the diversity of TYLCSV. Here, we study this aspect based on the sequence information accessible in databases. Isolates of two taxonomically differentiated TYLCSV strains can be found in natural epidemics. Their evolution is mostly associated with mutation combined with selection and random genetic drift and also with inter-species recombination which is frequent in begomoviruses. Moreover, a novel putative inter-strain recombinant is reported. Although no significantly new biological behaviour was observed for this latter recombinant, its occurrence supports that as shown for other related begomoviruses, recombination continues to play a central role in the evolution of TYLCD-associated viruses and the dynamism of their populations. The confrontation of resistant tomatoes with isolates of different TYLCD-associated viruses including the novel recombinant demonstrates the existence of a variable virus x plant genotype interaction. This has already been observed for other TYLCD-associated viruses and is a challenge for the control of their impact on tomato production.

scholarly journals Use of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) Rep Gene Sequences to Engineer TYLCV Resistance in Tomato

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 490-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yang ◽  
T. A. Sherwood ◽  
C. P. Patte ◽  
E. Hiebert ◽  
J. E. Polston
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Challenge Inoculation ◽  
Biolistic Inoculation ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a member of the genus Begomovirus (family Geminiviridae), causes severe losses in tomato production in the tropics and subtropics. In order to generate engineered resistance, eight different constructs of the TYLCV replication-associated protein (Rep) and C4 gene sequences were tested in transformed tomato inbred lines. Transgenic plants were screened for resistance to TYLCV using viruliferous whiteflies. No symptoms were observed and no TYLCV genomic DNA was detected by both hybridization and polymerase chain reaction in progenies of plants transformed with three constructs. This resistance was observed in plants that contained one of the following transgenes: 2/5Rep (81 nucleotides [nt] of the intergenic region [IR] plus 426 nt of the 5′ end of the TYLCV Rep gene), Δ2/5Rep (85 nt of the IR plus 595 nt of the 5′ end of the TYLCV Rep gene in the antisense orientation), and RepΔ2/5Rep (81 nt of the IR, the entire Rep gene, and 41 nt 3′ to the end of the Rep gene fused to Δ2/5Rep). Our study differs from other transgenic Geminivirus resistance reports involving the Rep gene in that viruliferous whiteflies were used for challenge inoculation instead of agroinoculation or biolistic inoculation, and TYLCV resistance was evaluated under field conditions.

scholarly journals Determination of the relationship between some morphological traits of the tomato lines and resistance tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinan Zengin ◽  
Aylin Kabaş ◽  
Hülya İlbi
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

Abstract Background: Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the most produced and exported vegetable in Turkey. There are many pathogens to limit tomato production by reducing yield and fruit quality. Among them, Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) causes important economic losses. The most efficient and environmental friendly method against TYLCV is the use of resistant varieties. In this trial, it was aimed to determine some morphological traits which were linked to Ty-1 and Ty-3a genes which confer to TYLCV. A commercial hybrid carrying Ty-1, Ty-3a genes as heterozygous was crossed to a susceptable inbred line from Bati Akdeniz Agricultural and Research Institute (BATEM). Marker assisted selection (MAS) was carried out in F 1 and F 2 generations and biological tests were done for TYLCV resistance in F 3 generation. MAS for Ty-3a and Ty-1 genes were compatible with biological tests.

scholarly journals Determination of the relationship between some morphological traits of the tomato lines and resistance tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinan Zengin ◽  
Aylin Kabaş ◽  
Hülya İlbi
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

Abstract Background: Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the most produced and exported vegetable in Turkey. There are many pathogens to limit tomato production by reducing yield and fruit quality. Among them, Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) causes important economic losses. The most efficient and environmental friendly method against TYLCV is the use of resistant varieties. In this trial, it was aimed to determine some morphological traits which were linked to Ty-1 and Ty-3a genes which confer to TYLCV. A commercial hybrid carrying Ty-1, Ty-3a genes as heterozygous was crossed to a susceptible inbred line from Bati Akdeniz Agricultural and Research Institute (BATEM). Marker assisted selection (MAS) was carried out in F1 and F2 generations and biological tests were done for TYLCV resistance in F3 generation. MAS for Ty-3a and Ty-1 genes were compatible with biological tests. Results: In total of 95 genotypes in F3 were developed with molecular marker selection. It was determined that 30 genotypes having the Ty-3a and Ty-1 genes as homozygous resistant. The nine genotypes carried these genes in heterozygous form. 56 genotypes were identified as susceptible. The 43 morphological traits were observed in identified individuals to correlate with resistant allele, Ty-3a. Conclusions: It was found that there was statistically important correlation between Ty-3a and length of internode, length of stem at first inflorescence, status of calix, leaf attitude, length of inflorescence and plant habitus. Also there was negative correlation between fruit weight, fruit length and resistance. Therefore, we identified some morphological markers linked to Ty-3a which can be used in selection for TLYCV resistant breeding programme.

scholarly journals Diverse Regulations of Viral and Host Genes in Tomato Germplasms Responding to Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Inoculation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanyu Xiao ◽  
Xianyu Zhou ◽  
Hailong Ren ◽  
Yijia Sun ◽  
Jiwen Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Virus Inhibition ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Sense Strand ◽  
Virion Sense ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

Abstract Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is the dominating pathogen of tomato yellow leaf curl disease that caused severe loss to tomato production in China. In this study, we found that a TYLCV-resistant tomato line drastically reduced the accumulation of viral complementary-sense strand mRNAs but just moderately inhibit that of viral DNA and virion-sense strand mRNAs. However, two other resistant lines did not have such virus inhibition pattern. Analysis of differential expressed genes showed that the potential host defense-relevant processes varied in different resistant tomatoes, as compared to the susceptible line, suggesting a diversity of tomato TYLCV-resistance mechanisms.

Tomato yellow leaf curl disease in Guangdong is caused by Tomato leaf curl Taiwan virus

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Zi-Fu ◽  
Yu Hao ◽  
Mao Ming-Jie ◽  
Luo Fang-Fang ◽  
Lin Yi-Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intergenic Region ◽  
Virus Isolate ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Sequence Identity ◽  
Begomovirus Genome ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl ◽  
Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Leaf Curl

AbstractA yellow leaf curl disease with chlorotic and yellowish leaves, upward leaf curling and stunting symptoms was observed on tomato in Shantou city of Guangdong province. A virus isolate BS was obtained from a diseased tomato plant. The complete DNA-A sequence of the virus isolate BS was determined to be 2740 nucleotides long, with all the characteristic features of begomovirus genome organization. BS DNA-A encoded six potential open reading frames (ORFs), with two (AV1 and AV2) in virus sense and four (AC1, AC2, AC3 and AC4) in complementary sense, and contained an intergenic region of 269 nucleotides. The results of BLAST searches showed that BS DNA-A had higher sequence identity with reported begomoviruses in Asia than with those in America and Africa. Further sequence comparisons indicated that BS was most closely related to the isolate of Tomato leaf curl Taiwan virus (ToLCTWV-[Taiwan]) with a sequence identity of 97.7%. Nucleotide sequence identities of AV1, AV2, AC1, AC2, AC3, AC4 and intergenic region (IR) between BS and ToLCTWV-[Taiwan] were 98.6, 98.0, 98.0, 97.5, 96.3, 98.6 and 96.6%, respectively, while that of the six ORF-encoded proteins between BS and ToLCTWV-[Taiwan] were 97.7, 99.1, 97.5, 95.6, 91.8 and 99.0%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on the DNA-A sequences has also indicated that BS is most closely related to ToLCTWV-[Taiwan], forming a branch with ToLCTWV-[Taiwan], Tomato leaf curl Guangdong virus and Tomato yellow leaf curl Guangdong virus. The above results demonstrate that BS is an isolate of ToLCTWV.

scholarly journals The recent association of a DNA betasatellite with Tomato yellow leaf curl virus in Israel – A new threat to tomato production

2020 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 104995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Gelbart ◽  
Lea Chen ◽  
Tamar Alon ◽  
Svetlana Dobrinin ◽  
Ilan Levin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

scholarly journals Fungal F8-Culture Filtrate Induces Tomato Resistance against Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Thailand Virus

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1434
Author(s):  
Yi-Shu Chiu ◽  
Yuh Tzean ◽  
Yi-Hui Chen ◽  
Chi-Wei Tsai ◽  
Hsin-Hung Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Callose Synthase ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Leaf Curl

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is an important economic crop worldwide. However, tomato production is jeopardized by the devastating tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD) caused by whitefly-transmitted begomoviruses (WTBs). In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of our previously developed plant antiviral immunity inducer, fungal F8-culture filtrate, on tomato to combat tomato yellow leaf curl Thailand virus (TYLCTHV), the predominant WTB in Taiwan. Our results indicated that F8-culture filtrate treatment induced strong resistance, did not reduce the growth of tomato, and induced prominent resistance against TYLCTHV both in the greenhouse and in the field. Among TYLCTHV-inoculated Yu-Nu tomato grown in the greenhouse, a greater percentage of plants treated with F8-culture filtrate (43–100%) were healthy-looking compared to the H2O control (0–14%). We found that TYLCTHV cannot move systemically only on the F8-culture filtrate pretreated healthy-looking plants. Tracking the expression of phytohormone-mediated immune maker genes revealed that F8-culture filtrate mainly induced salicylic acid-mediated plant immunity. Furthermore, callose depositions and the expression of the pathogen-induced callose synthase gene, POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANT 4 were only strongly induced by TYLCTHV on tomato pretreated with F8-culture filtrate. This study provides an effective way to induce tomato resistance against TYLCTHV.

scholarly journals Detection of Satellite DNA Beta in Tomato Plants with Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Disease in Jordan

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 1017-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Anfoka ◽  
F. Haj Ahmad ◽  
M. Altaleb ◽  
M. Al Shhab
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Leaf Curl

In Jordan, as well as many countries in the region, tomato production is threatened by begomoviruses belonging to the tomato yellow leaf curl virus complex (1). In 2013, an experiment was conducted at Homret Al-Sahen, Jordan (GPS coordinates 32°05′06″ N, 35°38′52″ E), to evaluate different tomato breeding lines for resistance against viruses causing tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD). Disease symptoms, typical of those caused by TYLCV complex, were observed in many susceptible lines. However, some lines exhibited unusual symptoms including severe leaf curling and stunting. To identify the causal agent of these symptoms, total nucleic acids were extracted from 21 symptomatic plants and used as templates in PCR analysis using nine primers, previously described to detect Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus, and two recombinants between TYLCV and TYLCSV (3). In addition, the universal primer pair β01/β02 (2) was used to investigate the association of satDNA β with the disease. The PCR products characteristic of TYLCV (664 bp) could be amplified from five plants indicating single infection, while double infection with TYLCV and satDNA β (1,320 bp) was detected in seven plants. Mixed infection with TYLCV, TYLCSV (628 bp), and satDNA β was detected in another seven symptomatic plants and only one plant was infected with TYLCV and TYLCSV. A single plant had mixed infection with TYLCV, TYLCSV, and RecA (a recombinant between TYLCV/TYLCSV) (538 bp) (3). Amplicons obtained from two plants using β01/β02 primers were directly sequenced as 1,320-bp PCR products. Both sequences were found identical and, therefore, this sequence was deposited in the GenBank under the accession number KJ396939. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that this satDNA β sequence had the highest nucleotide (95%) identity with Okra leaf curl virus (OkLCV) satDNA 3 (AF397217) and OkLCV satDNA 10 (AF397215). The contribution of the satDNA β in the modulation of the TYLCD symptoms will be further investigated. Few years ago, another satDNA (Tomβ01-Om) was reported in Oman to be associated with TYLCD (4). However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the detection of satDNA β in tomato plants infected with viruses causing TYLCD in Jordan. The increasing diversity of begomoviruses causing TYLCD in the region is of great concern due to the possible emergence of more virulent viruses and subsequent increased losses to tomato production. References: (1) G. Anfoka et al. J. Plant Pathol. 90:311, 2008. (2) R. W. Briddon and J. Stanley. Virology 344:198, 2006. (3) S. Davino et al. Virus Res. 143:15, 2009. (4) A. J. Khan et al. Virus Gene 36:169, 2008.

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