scholarly journals Viral and Antibody Kinetics, and Mosquito Infectivity of an Imported Case of Zika Fever Due to Asian Genotype (American Strain) in Singapore

Viruses ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheong Tan ◽  
Li Tan ◽  
Hapuarachchige Hapuarachchi ◽  
Yee Lai ◽  
Pei Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imported Case ◽  
American Strain ◽  
Antibody Kinetics ◽  
Zika Fever

scholarly journals Relative COVID-19 Viral Persistence and Antibody Kinetics

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 752
Author(s):  
Chung-Guei Huang ◽  
Avijit Dutta ◽  
Ching-Tai Huang ◽  
Pi-Yueh Chang ◽  
Mei-Jen Hsiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Viral Persistence ◽  
Viral Clearance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Virus Clearance ◽  
Antibody Kinetics ◽  
Deceased Patient

A total of 15 RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients were admitted to our hospital during the in-itial outbreak in Taiwan. The average time of virus clearance was delayed in seven patients, 24.14 ± 4.33 days compared to 10.25 ± 0.56 days post-symptom onset (PSO) in the other eight pa-tients. There was strong antibody response in patients with viral persistence at the pharynx, with peak values of serum antibody 677.2 ± 217.8 vs. 76.70 ± 32.11 in patients with delayed versus rapid virus clearance. The patients with delayed viral clearance had excessive antibodies of compromised quality in an early stage with the delay in peak virus neutralization efficacy, 34.14 ± 7.15 versus 12.50 ± 2.35 days PSO in patients with rapid virus clearance. Weak antibody re-sponse of patients with rapid viral clearance was also effective, with substantial and comparable neutralization efficacy, 35.70 ± 8.78 versus 41.37 ± 11.49 of patients with delayed virus clearance. Human Cytokine 48-Plex Screening of the serial sera samples revealed elevated concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in a deceased patient with delayed virus clear-ance and severe disease. The levels were comparatively less in the other two patients who suf-fered from severe disease but eventually survived.

scholarly journals Research supporting malaria control and elimination in China over four decades: a bibliometric analysis of academic articles published in chinese from 1980 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Qiu Du ◽  
Guo-Ding Zhu ◽  
Jun Cao ◽  
Jia-Yan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Malaria Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Imported Case ◽  
Multidisciplinary Cooperation ◽  
Malaria Epidemic ◽  
Occurrence Matrix

Abstract Background China has accumulated considerable experience in malaria control and elimination over the past decades. Many research papers have been published in Chinese journals. This study intends to describe the development and experience of malaria control and elimination in China by quantitatively analysing relevant research using a bibliometric analysis. Methods A long-term, multistage bibliometric analysis was performed. Research articles published in Chinese journals from 1980 to 2019 were retrieved from the Wanfang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. Year of publication, journal name and keywords were extracted by the Bibliographic Items Co-occurrence Matrix Builder (BICOMB). The K/A ratio (the frequency of a keyword among the total number of articles within a certain period) was considered an indicator of the popularity of a keyword in different decades. VOSviewer software was used to construct keyword co-occurrence network maps. Results A total of 16,290 articles were included. The overall number of articles continually increased. However, the number of articles published in the last three years decreased. There were two kinds of keyword frequency trends among the different decades. The K/A ratio of the keyword ‘Plasmodium falciparum’ decreased (17.05 in the 1980s, 13.04% in the 1990s, 9.86 in the 2000s, 5.28 in the 2010s), but those of ‘imported case’ and ‘surveillance’ increased. Drug resistance has been a continuous concern. The keyword co-occurrence network maps showed that the themes of malaria research diversified, and the degree of multidisciplinary cooperation gradually increased. Conclusions This bibliometric analysis revealed the trends in malaria research in China over the past 40 years. The results suggest emphasis on investigation, multidisciplinary participation and drug resistance by researchers and policymakers in malaria epidemic areas. The results also provide domestic experts with qualitative evidence of China’s experience in malaria control and elimination.

scholarly journals Chloroquine and Sulfadoxine Derivatives Inhibit ZIKV Replication in Cervical Cells

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Audrien Alves Andrade de Souza ◽  
Lauana Ribas Torres ◽  
Lyana Rodrigues Pinto Lima Capobianco ◽  
Vanessa Salete de Paula ◽  
Cynthia Machado Cascabulho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Vehicle Control ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Hybrid Compounds ◽  
Cervical Cells ◽  
Zika Fever

Despite the severe morbidity caused by Zika fever, its specific treatment is still a challenge for public health. Several research groups have investigated the drug repurposing of chloroquine. However, the highly toxic side effect induced by chloroquine paves the way for the improvement of this drug for use in Zika fever clinics. Our aim is to evaluate the anti-Zika virus (ZIKV) effect of hybrid compounds derived from chloroquine and sulfadoxine antimalarial drugs. The antiviral activity of hybrid compounds (C-Sd1 to C-Sd7) was assessed in an in-vitro model of human cervical and Vero cell lines infected with a Brazilian (BR) ZIKV strain. First, we evaluated the cytotoxic effect on cultures treated with up to 200 µM of C-Sds and observed CC50 values that ranged from 112.0 ± 1.8 to >200 µM in cervical cells and 43.2 ± 0.4 to 143.0 ± 1.3 µM in Vero cells. Then, the cultures were ZIKV-infected and treated with up to 25 µM of C-Sds for 48 h. The treatment of cervical cells with C-Sds at 12 µM induced a reduction of 79.8% ± 4.2% to 90.7% ± 1.5% of ZIKV–envelope glycoprotein expression in infected cells as compared to 36.8% ± 2.9% of infection in vehicle control. The viral load was also investigated and revealed a reduction of 2- to 3-logs of ZIKV genome copies/mL in culture supernatants compared to 6.7 ± 0.7 × 108 copies/mL in vehicle control. The dose–response curve by plaque-forming reduction (PFR) in cervical cells revealed a potent dose-dependent activity of C-Sds in inhibiting ZIKV replication, with PFR above 50% and 90% at 6 and 12 µM, respectively, while 25 µM inhibited 100% of viral progeny. The treatment of Vero cells at 12 µM led to 100% PFR, confirming the C-Sds activity in another cell type. Regarding effective concentration in cervical cells, the EC50 values ranged from 3.2 ± 0.1 to 5.0 ± 0.2 µM, and the EC90 values ranged from 7.2 ± 0.1 to 11.6 ± 0.1 µM, with selectivity index above 40 for most C-Sds, showing a good therapeutic window. Here, our aim is to investigate the anti-ZIKV activity of new hybrid compounds that show highly potent efficacy as inhibitors of ZIKV in-vitro infection. However, further studies will be needed to investigate whether these new chemical structures can lead to the improvement of chloroquine antiviral activity.

scholarly journals Complicated cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by an imported case of Leishmania tropica in Japan: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Kitano ◽  
Chizu Sanjoba ◽  
Yasuyuki Goto ◽  
Kazumasa Iwamoto ◽  
Hiroki Kitagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Leishmania Tropica ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Imported Case ◽  
Imported Cases ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract Background Leishmaniasis is not endemic in Japan, and imported cases are rare. However, there are increasing concerns regarding imported cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis from endemic countries to Japan. This report describes a case of imported cutaneous leishmaniasis that was diagnosed and treated in Japan. Case presentation A 53-year-old Pakistani man presented with skin lesions on both malleoli of his right ankle and the dorsum of the left foot. The skin lesions manifested as erythematous nodules surrounding an ulcer in the center of the lesion. The lesions of the malleoli of his right ankle each measured 3 × 3 cm, and the lesion on the top of his left foot measured 5 × 4 cm. He had been living and working in Japan but had a history of a visit to Pakistan for about 2 months in 2018. The skin lesions were biopsied. Giemsa and hematoxylin and eosin staining of biopsy samples showed amastigotes of Leishmania in macrophages, and the presence of Leishmania was confirmed by skin tissue culture. Polymerase chain reaction using biopsy specimens identified Leishmania parasites, and DNA sequence analysis revealed that the species was Leishmania tropica. The patient was treated with intravenous liposomal amphotericin B for 6 days. The erythema disappeared, and the erythematous nodules resolved within 3 weeks. Conclusion This is the first report of imported cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. tropica from Pakistan, and it is interesting that all three testing modalities showed positive results in this case.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Serologic Assay Needs for The Next Phase of U.S. COVID-19 Pandemic Response

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adi V Gundlapalli ◽  
Reynolds M Salerno ◽  
John T Brooks ◽  
Francisco Averhoff ◽  
Lyle Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
The United States ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Pandemic Response ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Antibody Kinetics ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Abstract Background There is a need for validated and standardized SARS-CoV-2 quantitative IgG and neutralization assays that can be used to understand the immunology and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and support the COVID-19 pandemic response. Methods Literature searches were conducted to identify English language publications from peer-reviewed journals and pre-prints from January 2020 through October 12, 2020. Relevant publications were reviewed for mention of IgG or neutralization assays for SARS-CoV-2, or both, and the methods of reporting assay results. Results Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 IgG results have been reported from a limited number of studies; most studies used in-house laboratory-developed tests in limited settings, and only two semi-quantitative tests have received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Emergency Use Authorization (EUA). As of October12, 2020, there are no neutralization assays with FDA EUA. Relatively few studies have attempted correlation of quantitative IgG titers with neutralization results to estimate surrogates of protection. The number of individuals tested is small compared to the magnitude of the pandemic and persons tested are not representative of disproportionately affected populations. Methods of reporting quantitative results are not standardized to enable comparisons and meta-analyses. Conclusions Lack of standardized SARS-CoV-2 quantitative IgG and neutralization assays precludes comparison of results from published studies. Inter-assay and inter-laboratory validation and standardization of assays will support efforts to better understand antibody kinetics and longevity of humoral immune responses post-illness, surrogates of immune protection, and vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy. Public-private partnerships could facilitate realization of these advances in the United States and world-wide.

scholarly journals Characterising antibody kinetics from multiple influenza infection and vaccination events in ferrets

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. e1007294 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Hay ◽  
Karen Laurie ◽  
Michael White ◽  
Steven Riley
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Antibody Kinetics

First report of imported case of dengue fever in Republic of Serbia

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Petrović ◽  
Vesna Turkulov ◽  
Svetlana Ilić ◽  
Vesna Milošević ◽  
Mladen Petrović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
First Report ◽  
Imported Case

IMPORTED CASE OF PULMONARY COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS

Mycoses ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (S2) ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
G. Simon ◽  
I. Soltész ◽  
P. Stankovics
Keyword(s):  
Imported Case

scholarly journals First Imported Case of Zika Virus Infection into Korea

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee-Chang Jang ◽  
Wan Beom Park ◽  
Uh Jin Kim ◽  
June Young Chun ◽  
Su-Jin Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Imported Case ◽  
Zika Virus Infection

scholarly journals Interactions with Hosts at Cool Temperatures, Not Cold Tolerance, Explain the Unique Epidemiology of Ralstonia solanacearum Race 3 Biovar 2

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
pp. 1127-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annett Milling ◽  
Fanhong Meng ◽  
Timothy P. Denny ◽  
Caitilyn Allen
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
North American Strain ◽  
Tropical Highlands ◽  
American Strain ◽  
Warm Temperate

Most strains of the bacterial wilt pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum are tropical, but race 3 biovar 2 (R3bv2) strains can attack plants in temperate zones and tropical highlands. The basis of this distinctive ecological trait is not understood. We compared the survival of tropical, R3bv2, and warm-temperate North American strains of R. solanacearum under different conditions. In water at 4°C, North American strains remained culturable the longest (up to 90 days), whereas tropical strains remained culturable for the shortest time (≈40 days). However, live/dead staining indicated that cells of representative strains remained viable for >160 days. In contrast, inside potato tubers, R3bv2 strain UW551 survived >4 months at 4°C, whereas North American strain K60 and tropical strain GMI1000 were undetectable after <70 days in tubers. GMI1000 and UW551 grew similarly in minimal medium at 20 and 28°C and, although both strains wilted tomato plants rapidly at 28°C, UW551 was much more virulent at 20°C, killing all inoculated plants under conditions where GMI100 killed just over half. Thus, differences among the strains in the absence of a plant host were not predictive of their behavior in planta at cooler temperatures. These data indicate that interaction with plants is required for expression of the temperate epidemiological trait of R3bv2.

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